maraud

English

WOTD – 17 November 2012

Etymology

From French marauder, derivative of maraud (“rogue, vagabond”), from Middle French maraud (“rascal”), from Old French *marault (“beggar, vagabond”), from marir, marrir (“to trouble, stray, lose ones way, be lost”), from Frankish *marʀijan (“to neglect, hinder”), from Proto-Germanic *marzijaną (“to neglect, hinder, spoil”), from Proto-Indo-European *mers- (“to trouble, confuse, ignore, forget”), + Old French suffix -ault, -aud. Cognate with Old High German marrjan, marren (“to obstruct, hinder”), Old Saxon merrian (“to hinder, waste”), Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌶𐌾𐌰𐌽 (marzjan, “to offend”). Related to mar.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /məˈɹɔːd/
• (US) IPA^(key): /məˈɹɔd/
• (New Zealand) IPA^(key): /mɘˈɹoːd/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔːd, -oːd

Verb

maraud (third-person singular simple present marauds, present participle marauding, simple past and past participle marauded)

1. (intransitive) To move about in roving fashion looking for plunder.

   a marauding band

   • 1684, Thomas Otway, The Works of Mr. Thomas Otway‎^[1], volume 2, London: Richard, James, and Bethel Wellington, published 1728, The Atheist; or the Second Part of the Soldier's Fortune, page 88:

     Peace Plunder, Peace, you Rogue; no Moroding now i we'll burn, rob, demolish and murder another time together : This is a Bus'ness must be done with decency.

   • 1711, Joseph Addison, The Spectator, no. 90-505‎^[2], volume 3, London: Thomas Tickell, published 1721, page 115:

     […] in one of which they met with a party of French that had been marauding, and made them all prisoners at discretion.

2. (intransitive) To go about aggressively or in a predatory manner.
   • 1770, “Fables for Grown Gentlemen”, in Tobias George Smollett, editor, The Critical Review: Or, Annals of Literature‎^[3], volume 29, London: A. Hamilton, page 73:

     A flea out of a blanket shaken, A bloody-minded sinner, Upon a taylor's neck was taken, Marauding for a dinner.

3. (transitive) To raid and pillage.
   • 1829, Washington Irving, A Chronicle of the Conquest of Granada: In Two Volumes‎^[4], volume 1, Paris: Baudry, at the Foreign Library, pages 118–9:

     As the tract of country they intended to maraud was far in the Moorish territories near the coast of the Mediterranean, they did not arrive until late in the following day.

Usage notes

The verb and adjective are more common as marauding.

Translations

intransitive: to move about in roving fashion looking for plunder

• Bulgarian: мародерствам (maroderstvam)
• Catalan: basquejar (ca)
• Dutch: roven (nl)
• Finnish: ryöstellä (fi)
• French: marauder (fr)
• German: marodieren (de)
• Hungarian: fosztogat (hu), rabol (hu), portyázik (hu)
• Ido: marodar (io)
• Polish: grasować (pl) impf
• Russian: мародёрствовать (ru) (marodjórstvovatʹ), разбо́йничать (ru) (razbójničatʹ)

transitive: to raid and pillage

• Bulgarian: ограбвам (bg) (ograbvam)
• Catalan: basquejar (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 掠奪／掠夺 (zh) (lüèduó)

• Dutch: plunderen (nl)
• Esperanto: marodi
• Finnish: ryöstellä (fi), ryöstää (fi)
• French: piller (fr)
• German: plündern (de)
• Hungarian: kifoszt (hu), kirabol (hu)
• Ido: marodar (io)
• Japanese: 略奪する (ja) (りゃくだつする, ryakudatsu suru)
• Macedonian: гра́би (grábi), гра́ба (grába), пља́чка (pljáčka)
• Maori: pāhuahua
• Russian: гра́бить (ru) (grábitʹ), разоря́ть (ru) (razorjátʹ)
• Spanish: merodear (es)

See also

• marauder

Anagrams

• Madura, damaru, daruma

French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French *marault, see maraud.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ma.ʁo/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio (Paris):

  (file)

Noun

maraud m (plural marauds, feminine maraude)

1. (dated, derogatory) rogue

   Synonyms: coquin, drôle

   • 1838, Alfred de Musset, Margot‎^[5]:

     —O ma chère Ursule! s’écriait madame Doradour, ma toute bonne, où êtes-vous? Vous me chasseriez ces marauds-là!

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 1843, George Sand, “Septième rencontre”, in Kourroglou‎^[6]:

     «Oh non! c’est bien assez!» il revient vers ses compagnons, et Daly-Hassan, qui l’attend au pied de la montagne en léchant ses moustaches comme un tigre qui a soif, lui demande la permission d’essayer le tranchant de son sabre sur ces marauds, afin de leur arracher quelques barils de vin par-dessus le marché.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Derived terms

• marauder

Descendants

• → German: marode
  • → Czech: marod
  • → Polish: maruda

Further reading

• “maraud”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.