View source for 樂

{{also|乐|楽}}
{{character info}}
{{character info|codepoint=0xF914}}
{{character info|codepoint=0xF95C}}
{{character info|codepoint=0xF9BF}}
==Translingual==
{{Han simplified forms|樂|楽|乐}}

===Alternative forms===
* In mainland China (for its traditional form based on {{w|Xin Zixing}} {{lw|zh|新字形}}), Japanese {{w|kanji}}, Korean {{w|hanja}} and Vietnamese [[Nôm]], the bottom component is written {{l|mul|木}}, which is the historical form found in the {{w|Kangxi dictionary}}.
* In Taiwan and Hong Kong (based on the {{w|Big5}} encoding standard), the bottom component is written {{l|mul|朩}} without a hook instead.
* Three {{w|CJK Compatibility Ideographs|CJK compatibility ideographs}} exist at <code>U+F914</code>, <code>U+F95C</code> and <code>U+F9BF</code>. All three forms are the same as the form used in Korean {{w|hanja}}.

===Han character===
{{Han char|rn=75|rad=木|as=11|sn=15|four=22904|canj=VID|ids=⿱⿲幺白幺木(GHJKV),⿱⿲幺白幺⿻十八(T)}}

====Derived characters====
* {{l|mul|[[嚛]]([[𪠸]]), [[㜰]], [[㦡]], [[擽]]([[𭢫]]/[[㧰]]), [[濼]]([[泺]]), [[䑈]], [[櫟]]([[檪]]/[[栎]]), [[爍]]([[𭶒]]/[[烁]]), [[瓅]]([[𬍛]]), [[皪]], [[䁻]]([[䀥]]), [[礫]]([[䃯]]/[[砾]]), [[纅]], [[觻]], [[䟏]], [[躒]]([[跞]]), [[轢]]([[𮝩]]/[[轹]]), [[䤕]], [[鑠]]([[𮣏]]/[[铄]]), [[鱳]], [[藥]]([[薬]]/[[𣛙]])}}
* {{l|mul|[[𠘙]], [[𡾒]], [[𣋵]], [[𤢴]], [[𥽗]], [[𦘈]], [[𧔉]], [[𧭥]], [[𩟧]], [[𩧂]], [[𣡝]], [[𪇱]], [[𤻲]]([[𬏤]])}}
* {{l|mul|[[𭀅]], [[𫿾]]}}

====Related characters====
* {{l|mul|[[楽]]}} ''(Japanese {{w|shinjitai}})''
* {{l|mul|[[乐]]}} ''({{w|Simplified Chinese}})''

====References====
{{Han ref|kx=0548.200|dkj=15399|dj=0936.060|hdz=21280.160|uh=6A02}}
{{Han ref|uh=F914}}
{{Han ref|uh=F95C}}
{{Han ref|uh=F9BF}}

==Chinese==
{{zh-forms|s=乐|alt=楽}}
{{zh-wp|zh|yue}}

===Glyph origin===
{{Han etym}}
{{Han compound|糸|木|ls=ic|t1=string|t2=wood}} – strings on a piece of wood, i.e. a wooden musical instrument.

The oracle bone form shows two strings connected to the wood. In the bronze inscriptions, a {{och-l|白}} component was added in between the two strings, which may either represent the thumb (fiddling) or a phonetic part.

===Etymology===
; “music; joyful”
: The etymological relationship between “music” and “joy” has been discussed in {{zh-ref|Wulff (1935)}} and {{zh-ref|Unger (1983)}}. Unger draws comparison with the following semantic parallelism in Tibetan: {{m|bo|རོལ་མོ||music}} and {{m|bo|རོལ||to enjoy; to amuse oneself; to play}}.
: Also comparable is {{cog|xhm|leṅa||to play}} and {{m|xhm|bhleṅa||(playing) music}}, whence {{cog|th|เล่น||to play}} and {{m|th|เพลง||music}}.

===Pronunciation 1===
{{zh-pron
|m=yuè
|m-s=
|dg=йүә3
|c=ngok6
|c-t=ngok5
|g=ngoh6
|h=pfs=ngo̍k;gd=ngog6
|j=yeh4
|mb=ngà
|md=ngŏk
|mn=ml,jj,tw:ga̍k
|mn-t=ghaoh8/ngaoh8
|w=sh:8yaq,8ngoq
|w_note=5hhiaq - “music”; 5ngoq - only in the placename {{zh-l|*樂清}} in Zhejiang
|x=io6
|mc=2
|oc=4,3
|ma=y
|cat=n,v,pn
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# [[music]]; [[tune]]; [[melody]]; [[song]]
#: {{zh-x|音樂|music}}
#: {{zh-x|樂隊|band}}
#: {{zh-x|奏樂|to play '''music'''}}
#* {{zh-x|夫{fú} '''樂{yuè}''' 者，樂{lè} 也。|'''Music''', it's about joy.|ref=Xunzi}}
# {{lb|zh|obsolete}} to [[play]] music; to [[sing]]
#* {{zh-x|大夫 不 食 粱，士 飲酒 不 樂{yuè}。|Great officers will not eat the large grained millet; and (other) officers will not have music (even) at their drinking.|ref=Liji}}
# {{lb|zh|obsolete}} [[musician]]
#* {{zh-x|^齊 人 歸 女樂，^季 ^桓 ^子 受 之，三 日 不 朝{cháo}，^孔子 行。|The people of Qi sent to Lu a present of female '''musicians''', which Ji Huan received, and for three days no court was held. Confucius took his departure.|ref=Analects}}
# {{lb|zh|obsolete}} [[musical instrument]]
# {{zh-abbrev|樂經|''{{w|Classic of Music}}''}}
# {{surname|zh}}
#: {{zh-x|^樂{yuè} ^毅|{{w|Yue Yi|'''Yue''' Yi}} (a prominent military leader of the State of Yan during the Warring States period)}}
#{{lb|zh|slang}} ''short form for'' [[樂子]]

=====Usage notes=====
The surname {{zh-l|樂|tr=[[yuè]]}} is different from the surname {{zh-l|樂|tr=[[lè]]}}.

=====Synonyms=====
* {{s|music}}
{{syn-saurus|zh|音樂}}

====Compounds====
{{col3|zh|交響樂|交響樂團|仙樂|佛教音樂|作樂|俗樂|六樂|凱樂|制禮作樂|南樂|古典音樂|古樂|合成樂器|吹奏樂器|吹樂器|和聲樂器|哀樂|唐樂|器樂|噪音音樂|國家音樂廳|國樂|國民樂派音樂|夏威夷音樂|夔龍禮樂|天樂|奏樂|女樂|子卯不樂|宗教音樂|室內樂|家樂|小山樂府|底下奏樂|弦樂|弦樂器|心靈音樂|悅樂|愷樂|房中樂|打擊樂|打擊樂器|拉丁美洲音樂|搖擺樂|搖滾樂|撥弦樂器|擦弦樂器|散樂|敲擊樂器|敲擊音樂|文樂傀儡|新爵士樂|朝歌暮樂|木管樂器|樂人|樂句|樂史|樂品|樂器|樂團|樂壇|樂婦|樂工|樂師|樂床|樂府|樂府指迷|樂府詩|樂府詩集|樂府雜錄|樂式|樂律|樂戶|樂探|樂曲|樂棚|樂歌|樂正|樂毅|樂毅論|樂池|樂理|樂籍|樂素|樂經|樂翁|樂聖|樂聲|樂舞|樂記|樂語|樂論|樂譜|樂迷|樂部|樂隊|樂音|樂章|標題音樂|歌樂|民俗音樂|民族樂器|民族樂隊|民族音樂|氣鳴樂器|浪漫樂派|清商樂|清樂|潮樂|熱門音樂|燕樂|燕樂二十八調|燕樂半字譜|燕樂考源|爵士樂|獨樂樂|破陣樂|禮壞樂崩|禮壞樂缺|禮崩樂壞|禮廢樂崩|禮樂|禮樂崩壞|禮樂為鉤|秦王破陣樂|移調樂器|管弦樂|管弦樂團|管樂|管樂器|管樂隊|簧樂器|粗樂|細樂|絕對音樂|絲竹樂|網路音樂廳|聆樂|聖樂|聲樂|背景音樂|胡樂|能樂|膜鳴樂器|舉酒作樂|舞樂|衣冠禮樂|西樂|西海岸爵士樂|西班牙音樂|詩書禮樂|軍樂|軍樂隊|輕音樂|鄉村音樂|配樂|鈞天廣樂|鈞天樂|銅管樂器|銅管樂隊|鍵盤樂器|雅樂|電子音樂|電樂器|電腦音樂|靡靡之樂|音樂|音樂劇|音樂卡|音樂圖書館|音樂家|音樂廳|音樂會|音樂治療|音樂片|音樂盒|音樂站|音樂節|音樂臺|音樂鋸|音樂電鈴|韶樂|黑人音樂|鼓吹樂|鼓樂|鼓樂喧天|樂清|樂勝|室樂}}

====Descendants====
{{CJKV||s=楽|がく|악|nhạc}}

===Pronunciation 2===
{{zh-pron
|m=lè
|dg=луә1
|c=lok6
|c-t=lok5
|g=loh6
|h=pfs=lo̍k;gd=log6
|j=luah4
|mb=lŏ̤
|md=lŏk
|mn=ml,jj,tw:lo̍k
|mn-t=lag8
|w=sh:8loq
|x=lo6
|mc=3
|oc=2,2
|cat=a,n,v,pn
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# [[joyful]]; [[happy]]; [[glad]]
#: {{syn|zh|快}}
#: {{zh-x|樂{lè}不可支|to be overwhelmed with joy}}
#: {{zh-x|心裡 樂{lè} 開 了 花|to be overjoyed}}
#* {{zh-x|有 朋 自 遠方 來，不 亦 樂{lè} 乎？|Is it not '''delightful''' to have friends coming from distant quarters?|ref=Analects}}
#* {{zh-x|獨 樂{yuè} '''樂{lè}'''，與{yǔ} 人 樂{yuè} '''樂{lè}'''，孰 '''樂{lè}'''？|Which is the more '''pleasant''' — to enjoy music by yourself alone, or to enjoy it with others?|ref=Mencius-L}}
# [[happiness]]; [[joy]]; [[pleasure]]
#* {{zh-x|那 時候，消閑 無事，我 找 了 你們 老 弟兄 們 來，尋 個 樹 蔭涼兒{r}，咱們 大家 多 喝 兩 場子，豈 不是 個 樂{lè}兒{r} 嗎？||ref=Ernv Yingxiongzhuan}}
# {{lb|zh|obsolete}} [[lasciviousness]]; [[lechery]]; [[decadence]]
#* {{zh-x|今 ^吳 王 淫 於 樂{lè} 而 忘 其 百姓。||ref=Guoyu}}
# to [[laugh]]; to [[smile]]
#: {{zh-x|你 把 我 逗樂{lè} 了。|You amused me./You made me laugh.}}
# to [[enjoy]]; to [[love]]
#: {{zh-x|樂{lè}此不疲|to never get tired of it}}
#* {{zh-x|前 ^秦 已 拔 ^上黨，^上黨 民 不 樂{lè} 為{wéi} ^秦 而 歸 趙。||ref=Shiji}}
# {{lb|zh|Cantonese}} {{zh-short|可樂|cola}}
# 24th [[tetragram]] of the [[Taixuanjing]]; "joy" ([[𝌝]])
# {{surname|zh}}

=====Usage notes=====
The surname {{zh-l|樂|tr=[[lè]]}} is different from the surname {{zh-l|樂|tr=[[yuè]]}}.

=====Synonyms=====
* {{sense|to laugh; to smile}}
{{zh-dial|笑}}

====Compounds====
{{col3|zh|三樂|不亦樂乎|不樂|不樂觀|于飛之樂|享樂|享樂主義|伯樂|伯樂一顧|何樂不為|佚樂|作樂|俱樂部|假樂|傻樂|優樂|先憂後樂|兒童樂園|其樂不窮|其樂無比|其樂無窮|其樂融融|利樂|利樂包|刮刮樂|助人為樂|博樂|及時行樂|取樂|可共患難不可共安樂|可樂|可與共患難，不可與共樂|吃喝玩樂|同樂|同樂會|君子三樂|和樂|咍樂|哀樂|喜怒哀樂|喜聞樂見|大家樂|天倫之樂|天樂|好善樂施|好施樂善|娛樂|娛樂場所|娛樂片|娛樂稅|媽媽樂|安和樂利|安土樂業|安堵樂業|安家樂業|安居樂業|安樂|安樂世界|安樂公主|安樂國|安樂椅|安樂死|安樂窩|安貧樂賤|安貧樂道|安身樂業|宴樂|富強康樂|寓教於樂|尋樂|尋歡作樂|平樂|幸災樂禍|幾家歡樂幾家愁|康樂|康樂活動|快樂|快樂丸|快樂主義|忽忽不樂|怏怏不樂|怡然自樂|悒悒不樂|悶悶不樂|愛心刮刮樂|慘然不樂|找樂子|曲肱之樂|朝歡暮樂|村天樂|森林遊樂區|極樂|極樂世界|極樂鳥|樂不可支|樂不可極|樂不可言|樂不思蜀|樂事|樂以忘憂|樂兒|樂利|樂呵|樂呵呵|樂和|樂善|樂善不倦|樂善好施|樂善好義|樂嘻嘻|樂國|樂園|樂土|樂在其中|樂境|樂天|樂天安命|樂天派|樂天知命|樂子|樂子館|樂得|樂意|樂戶|樂捐|樂施|樂昌分破鏡|樂昌破鏡|樂易|樂普|樂業|樂業安居|樂極則悲|樂極忘形|樂極悲來|樂極悲生|樂極生悲|樂樂陶陶|樂此不倦|樂此不疲|樂歲|樂浪|樂滋滋|樂禍|樂禍幸災|樂紋兒|樂群|樂而不淫|樂而不荒|樂而忘憂|樂而忘歸|樂而忘返|樂育|樂處|樂融融|樂觀|樂觀主義|樂觀其成|樂觀進取|樂託|樂貧甘賤|樂趣|樂輸|樂透|樂遊原|樂道|樂陶陶|欣然自樂|歌舞作樂|歡樂|永樂|永樂大典|永樂宮|永樂窯|永樂錢|泌水樂飢|泰極還生否，樂處又逢悲|津津樂道|為善最樂|燕樂|狄斯奈樂園|狄斯耐樂園|玩樂|甘貧樂道|生於憂患，死於安樂|白樂天|百樂|知命樂天|知足常樂|知魚之樂|磨喝樂|耽樂|育樂|自得其樂|至樂|與民偕樂|與民同樂|般樂|芭樂|芭樂票|苦中作樂|苦樂|莎樂美|蓮花樂|行樂|行樂圖|衾枕之樂|西方極樂世界|豐樂|豐樂亭|財去身安樂|貧而樂道|買樂|賞心樂事|躬耕樂道|迪斯尼樂園|追歡取樂|逗樂|逢場作樂|進酒作樂|逸樂|遊樂|遊樂場|遊樂林|酣樂|長樂|長樂宮|長樂未央|隨緣樂助|電視遊樂器|風吹鴨蛋殼，財去人安樂|飲酒作樂|饒樂|高樂|鬱鬱不樂|魚樂|吉樂餅|樂山|何樂而不為|nan:干樂<tr:kan-lo̍k>}}

====Descendants====
{{CJKV||s=楽|らく|[[락]]/[[낙]]|lạc}}

===Pronunciation 3===
{{zh-pron
|m=lè,yào,1nb=standard in Mainland,2nb=standard in Taiwan,2nc=literary variant in Mainland
|c=ngaau6
|h=pfs=ngau
|md=ngâu
|mn=ngāu
|w=sh:6yau
|mc=1
|oc=3,1
|cat=v
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{lb|zh|obsolete}} to be [[fond]] of; to [[enjoy]]; to [[appreciate]]
#* {{zh-x|知{zhì} 者 樂{yào} 水，仁 者 樂{yào} 山。|The wise '''find pleasure''' in water; the virtuous '''find pleasure''' in hills.|ref=Analects}}

====Compounds====
{{col3|zh|三樂|仁者樂山|推賢樂善|損者三樂|敬業樂群|樂山樂水|樂道安貧|益者三樂|知者樂水}}

====Descendants====
{{CJKV|||요|}}

===Pronunciation 4===
{{zh-pron
|m=lào,lè,2nb=variant
|c=lok3
|cat=pn
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{zh-used2|p}}
#: {{zh-x|樂{Lào}亭|{{w|Laoting County|Laoting}} (county of Hebei)}}
#: {{zh-x|樂{Lào}陵|{{w|Laoling}} (county-level city in Shandong)}}

===Pronunciation 5===
{{zh-see|療|v}}

===Pronunciation 6===
{{zh-pron
|m=luò
|c=lok6
|cat=
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{zh-used2|c}}

====Compounds====
{{col3|zh|樂託<t:[[slack]], [[unrestrained]], [[desolate]]>|樂樂|爆樂|暴樂}}

===References===
* {{R:yue:Hanzi}}

{{cat|cmn|Intermediate Mandarin}}

==Japanese==
{{ja-kanji forms|楽|樂}}

===Kanji===
{{ja-kanji|grade=n|rs=木11|shin=楽}}

# {{ja-kyujitai spelling of|楽}}

====Readings====
From {{w|Middle Chinese}} {{ltc-l|樂|id=1}}:
{{ja-readings
|goon=ぎょう<げう
|kanon=ごう<がう
|kun=この-む
}}
From {{w|Middle Chinese}} {{ltc-l|樂|id=2|[[music]], [[sing]]ing}}:
{{ja-readings
|goon=がく
|kanon=がく
|kun=かな-でる
}}
From {{w|Middle Chinese}} {{ltc-l|樂|id=3|[[comfort]], [[ease]]}}:
{{ja-readings
|goon=らく
|kanon=らく
|kanyoon=ろう<らう
|kun=たの-し.い, たのしみ-, たの-しむ
|nanori=ささ, もと, よし
}}

==Korean==

===Etymology 1===
From {{der|ko|ltc|sort=악|-}} {{ltc-l|樂|id=2}}.
{{hanja-ety
|dk={{okm-inline|ᅌᅡᆨ〮|ngák}}
|m={{okm-inline|악〮|ák}}
|mh={{okm-inline|음악〮|ùm-ák}}
|ml=雜語#하15A
|jh={{m|ko|악}}
|jhh={{m|ko|풍류}}
}}

====Pronunciation====
{{ko-hanja-pron|악}}

====Hanja====
{{ko-hanja-search}}
{{ko-hanja|노래|악}}

# {{hanja form of|악|[[music]]; [[tune]]; [[melody]]; [[song]]}}

====Compounds====
{{der-top3|Compounds}}
* {{ko-l|음악|音樂}}
* {{ko-l|악본|樂本}}
* {{ko-l|악리|樂理}}
* {{ko-l|악기|樂器}}
* {{ko-l|악단|樂團}}
* {{ko-l|악사|樂士}}
* {{ko-l|악인|樂人}}
* {{ko-l|악작|樂作}}
* {{ko-l|악장|樂匠}}
* {{ko-l|악전|樂典}}
* {{ko-l|악자|樂子}}
* {{ko-l|악구|樂句}}
* {{ko-l|악극|樂劇}}
* {{ko-l|악공|樂工}}
* {{ko-l|악궁|樂弓}}
* {{ko-l|악식|樂式}}
* {{ko-l|악가|樂歌}}
* {{ko-l|악곡|樂曲}}
* {{ko-l|악단|樂段}}
* {{ko-l|악랑|樂浪}}
* {{ko-l|악상|樂想}}
* {{ko-l|악생|樂生}}
* {{ko-l|악서|樂書}}
* {{ko-l|악수|樂手}}
* {{ko-l|악재|樂才}}
* {{ko-l|악지|樂止}}
* {{ko-l|악파|樂派}}
* {{ko-l|악호|樂戶}}
* {{ko-l|악계|樂界}}
* {{ko-l|악기|樂記}}
* {{ko-l|악음|樂音}}
* {{ko-l|악절|樂節}}
* {{ko-l|악조|樂調}}
* {{ko-l|고악|古樂}}
* {{ko-l|관악|管樂}}
* {{ko-l|국악|國樂}}
* {{ko-l|군악|軍樂}}
* {{ko-l|당악|唐樂}}
* {{ko-l|성악|聲樂}}
{{der-bottom}}

===Etymology 2===
From {{der|ko|ltc|sort=락|-}} {{ltc-l|樂|id=3}}.
{{hanja-ety
|dk={{okm-inline|락〮|lák}}
|m2={{okm-inline|락|lak}}
|m2h={{okm-inline|낙[[ᄒᆞ다|ᄒᆞᆯ]]|nak-hol}}
|m3={{okm-inline|락|lak}}
|m3h={{okm-inline|[[즐기다|즐길]]|culkil}}
|jh={{m|ko|락}}
|jhh={{m|ko|[[즐기다|즐길]]}}
}}

====Pronunciation====
{{ko-hanja-pron|락|낙}}

====Hanja====
{{ko-hanja|즐기다|즐길|락||낙}}

# {{hanja form of|[[락]]/[[낙]]|to [[enjoy]]; [[happiness]]; [[pleasure]]}}

====Compounds====
{{der-top3|Compounds}}
* {{ko-l|안락|安樂}}
* {{ko-l|낙천|樂天}}
* {{ko-l|위락|慰樂}}
* {{ko-l|낙관|樂觀}}
* {{ko-l|극락|極樂}}
* {{ko-l|향락|享樂}}
* {{ko-l|법락|法樂}}
* {{ko-l|삼락|三樂}}
* {{ko-l|상락|常樂}}
* {{ko-l|오락|娛樂}}
* {{ko-l|쾌락|快樂}}
* {{ko-l|낙원|樂園}}
{{der-bottom}}

===Etymology 3===
From {{der|ko|ltc|sort=요|-}} {{ltc-l|樂|id=1}}.
{{hanja-ety
|dk={{okm-inline|ᅌᅭᇢ〮|ngyów}}
|jh={{m|ko|요}}
|jhh={{m|ko|[[둏다|됴히]] [[너기다|너길]]}}
}}

====Pronunciation====
{{ko-hanja-pron|요}}

====Hanja====
{{ko-hanja|좋아하다|좋아할|요}}

# {{lb|ko|literary|nocat=y}} {{hanja form of|요|to be [[fond]] of; to [[like]]}}

====Compounds====
{{der-top3|Compounds}}
* {{ko-l|요산요수|樂山樂水}}
{{der-bottom}}

===References===
* {{R:hanjadoc|5317}}

==Vietnamese==

===Han character===
{{vi-readings|reading=lạc, nhạc|rs=木11}}

# {{rfdef|vi|sort=木11}}