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User:Snoteleks/Fungi

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Illustration of "Lichenes" from Haeckel's Kunstformen der Natur

The taxonomy of Fungi extended in this article follows largely the second edition of the work Outline Of Fungi published in 2022 by Wijatawardene et al.,[1] in which the classification is detailed down to the level of genera. Aditionally, the subkingdoms correspond to a phylogenetic analysis and classification by Tendersoo et al. published in 2018.[2]

Phylogeny and summary

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In 2018, a paper by Tendersoo et al. proposed a higher-level classification of the fungi based on phylogeny and accepted 9 subkingdoms (all ending in the suffix "-myceta" except for Dikarya) to accomodate a total of 18 fungal phyla.[2] This new taxonomy is reflected in the following cladogram:

Opisthokonta

Subkingdom Rozellomyceta

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Rozellomycota families incertae sedis

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Rozellomycota genera incertae sedis

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Subkingdom Aphelidiomyceta

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Subkingdom Chytridiomyceta

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Chytridiomycota families incertae sedis

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Chytridiomycota genera incertae sedis

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Subkingdom Olpidiomyceta

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Subkingdom Zoopagomyceta

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Subkingdom Mucoromyceta

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Subkingdom Dikarya

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Illustration of "Ascomycetes" from Haeckel's Kunstformen der Natur

Subphylum Pezizomycotina

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Blumeriella Arx (7) Diplocarpon F.A. Wolf (7) Drepanopeziza (Kleb.) Hohn. (5) Felisbertia Viegas (7) Leptotrochila P. Karst. (15) Pseudopeziza Fuckel (2) Spilopodia Boud. (4) Spilopodiella E. Mull. (1)

Arthrocladiella Vassilkov (1) Blumeria Golovin ex Speer (1) Brasiliomyces Viegas (6) Bulbomicroidium Marm., S. Takam. &U. Braun (1) Caespitotheca S. Takam. & U. Braun (1) Cystotheca Berk. & Curtis (9) Erysiphe DC. (478) Golovinomyces (U. Braun) Heluta (66) Leveillula G. Arnaud (49) Microidium (To-anun & S. Takam.) To-anun & S. Takam. (3) Neoerysiphe U. Braun (15) Parauncinula S. Takam. & U. Braun (4) Phyllactinia Lev. (117) Pleochaeta Sacc. & Speg. (5) Podosphaera Kunze (124) Pseudoidium Y.S. Paul & J.N. Kapoor (80) Queirozia Viegas & Cardoso (1) Sawadaea Miyabe (10) Takamatsuella U. Braun & A. Shi (1) Typhulochaeta Ito & Hara (4)

Ascocoryne J.W. Groves & D.E. Wilson (8) Ascotremella Seaver (2) Chloroscypha Seaver (14) 169 Didymocoryne Sacc. & Trotter (1) Neobulgaria Petr. (11) Ombrophila Fr. (11) Phaeangellina Dennis (1) Skyathea Spooner & Dennis (1) Xerombrophila Baral (1)

Ascocalyx Naumov (4) Atropellis Zeller & Goodd. (4) Godronia Moug. & Lev. (30) Gremmeniella M. Morelet (3) Grovesiella M. Morelet (2)

Ascoconidium Seaver (3) Bisporella Sacc. (19) Bryoscyphus Spooner (19) Calycella (Sacc.) Sacc. (1) Cudoniella Sacc. (31) Cyathicula De Not. (30) Dicephalospora Spooner (4) Dimorphospora Tubaki (1) Discorehmia Kirschst. (5) Eubelonis Hohn. (2) Filosporella Nawawi (6) Geniculospora Sv. Nilsson ex Marvanová & Sv. Nilsson (2) Glarea Bills & Palaez (2) Gloeotinia M. Wilson, Noble & E.G. Gray (2) Graddonia Dennis (7) Gremmenia Korf (4) Helicodendron Peyronel (3) Hymenoscyphus Gray (170) Hymenotorrendiella P.R. Johnst., Baral & R. Galán (9) Muscicola Velen. (1) Mycofalcella Marvanová, Om-Kalth. & J. Webster (2) Mytilodiscus Kropp & S.E. Carp. (1) Neocrinula Crous (2) Phaeohelotium Kanouse (41) Pithyella Boud. (8) Pseudoniptera Velen. (25) Roesleria Thüm. & Pass. (4) Scytalidium Pesante (30) Symphyosirinia E.A. Ellis (6) Tatraea Svrcek (2) Xylogramma Wallr. (18)

Heterosphaeria Grev. (7)

Aeruginoscyphus Dougoud (7) 170 Ambrodiscus S.E. Carp. (1) Amicodisca Svrcek (6) Arbusculina Marvanova & Descals (3) Asperopilum Spooner (1) Clathrosphaerina Beverw. (2) Crucellisporiopsis Nag Raj (3) Dematioscypha Svrcek (4) Dimorphotricha Spooner (1) Echinula Graddon (1) Endoscypha Syd. (1) Fuscolachnum J.H. Haines (7) Gamarada D.J. Midgley & Tran-Dinh (1) Graddonidiscus Raitv. & R. Galan (3) Grahamiella Spooner (3) Haplographium Berk. & Broome (15) Hegermila Raitv. (4) Hyalopeziza Fuckel (15) Hyaloscypha Boud. (45) Hyphodiscus Kirschst. (16) Hyphopeziza J.G. Han, Hosoya & H.D. Shin (1) Incrupila Raitv. (10) Meliniomyces Hambl. & Sigler (3) Mimicoscypha T. Kosonen, Huhtinen & K. Hansen (3)* Mycoarthris Marvanova & P.J. Fisher (1) Olla Velen. (2) Polaroscyphus Huhtinen (1) Proprioscypha Spooner (1) Protounguicularia Raitv. & Galan (10) Pseudaegerita J.L. Crane & Schokn. (7) Psilocistella Svrcek (10) Resinoscypha T. Kosonen, Huhtinen & K. Hansen (2)* Rhizoscyphus W.Y. Zhuang & Korf (1) Scolecolachnum Guatim., R.W. Barreto & Crous (2) Thindiomyces Arendh. & R. Sharma (1) Unguiculariella K.S. Thind & R. Sharma (1) Unguiculella Hohn (17) Venturiocistella Raitv (7)

Albotricha Raitv. (19) Belonidium Mont. & Dur. (1) Brunnipila Baral (10) Capitotricha (Raitv.) Baral (10) Dasyscyphella Tranzschel (1) Erioscyphella Kirschst. (10) Incrucipulum Baral (6) Lachnellula P. Karst. (40) Lachnopsis Guatim., R.W. Barreto & Crous (2) Lachnum Retz. (50) Lasiobelonium Ellis & Everh. (20) Neodasyscypha Sukova & Spooner (2) Perrotia Boud. (19) 171 Proliferodiscus J.H. Haines & Dumont (8) Solenopezia Sacc. (7) Trichopeziza Fuckel (30) Tubolachnum Velen (2)

Leptodontidium de Hoog. (11)

Loramyces W. Weston (2) Obtectodiscus E. Müll., Petrini & Samuels (2)

Mitrula Fr. (16)

Barrenia E. Walsh & N. Zhang (2) Belonopsis (Sacc.) Rehm (ca. 30) Bulbomollisia Graddon (1) Cheirospora Moug. & Fr. (2) Cystodendron Bubak (2) Discocurtisia Nannf. (12) Fuscosclera Hern.-Restr., J. Mena & Gené (1) Mollisia (Fr.) P. Karst. (130) Neotapesia E. Mull. & Hutter (3) Niptera Fr. (10) Nipterella Starback ex Dennis (2) Phialocephala W.B. Kendr. (37) Pseudonaevia Dennis & Spooner (2) Sarconiptera Raitv. (1) Scutobelonium Graddon (1) Scutomollisia Nannf. (14) Tapesia (Pers.) Fuckel (110) Trimmatostroma Corda (34) Variocladium Descals & Marvanova (1)

Byssoascus Arx (1) Myxotrichum Kunze (17) Oidiodendron Robak (26)

Exochalara W. Gams & Hol.-Jech. (3) Lareunionomyces Crous & M.J. Wingf. (4) Neolauriomyces Crous (1)

Patellariopsis Dennis (5)

Allophylaria (P. Karst.) P. Karst. (6) Antinoa Velen. (8) 172 Calycellina Hohn (45) Calycina Nees ex Gray (30) Chalara (Corda) Rabenh. (99) Ciliolarina Svrcek (1) Curviclavula G. Delgado, F.A. Fernández & A.N. Mill. (1) Hamatocanthoscypha Svrcek (3) Hyalodendriella Crous (1) Micropeziza Fuckel (12) Microscypha Syd. & P. Syd. (6) Mollisina Hohn. ex Weese (11) Mollisinopsis Arendh. & R. Sharma (3) Moserella Poder & Scheuer (1) Phaeoscypha Spooner (1) Phialina Höhn. (6) Poculinia Spooner (1) Psilachnum Hohn. (28) Rodwayella Spooner (3) Scleropezicula Verkley (6) Velutaria Fuckel (1) Xenopolyscytalum Crous (1) Zymochalara Guatim., R.W. Barreto & Crous (2)

Cadophora Lagerb. & Melin (15) Collembolispora Marvanova & Pascoal (2) Cylindrosporium Grev. (168) Dennisiodiscus Svrcek (10) Lasiomollisia Raitv. & Vesterh. (1) Mastigosporium Riess (4) Mycochaetophora Hara & Ogawa (2) Neospermospora Crous & U. Braun (1)* Nothophacidium J. Reid & Cain (1) Oculimacula Crous & W. Gams (6) Pirottaea Sacc. (28) Pyrenopeziza Fuckel (3) Rhynchosporium Heinsen ex A.B. Frank (5)

Bicornispora Checa, Barrasa, M.N. Blanco & A.T. Martínez (2) Dencoeliopsis Korf (2) Lambertella Hohn. (6) Lanzia Sacc. (1) Pseudolanzia Baral & G. Marson (1) Rutstroemia P. Karst. (100) Torrendiella Boud. & Torrend (3)

Amphobotrys Hennebert (1) Botrytis P. Micheli ex Pers. (3) Ciboria Fuckel (21) Ciborinia Whetzel (16) Cristulariella Hohn. (5) 173 Cudoniopsis Speg. (1) Dumontinia L.M. Kohn (5) Elliottinia L.M. Kohn (1) Grovesinia M.N. Cline, J.L. Crane & S.D. Cline (2) Haradamyces Masuya, Kusunoki, Kosaka & Aikawa (1) Kohninia Holst-Jensen, Vrålstad & T. Schumach. (1) Martininia Dumont & Korf (1) Monilinia Honey (30) Mycopappus Redhead & G.P. White (3) Myrioconium Syd. & P. Syd. (10) Myriosclerotinia N.F. Buchw. (10) Ovulinia Weiss (9) Phaeosclerotinia Hori (1) Pseudociboria Kanouse (1) Pycnopeziza W.L. White & Whetzel (5) Redheadia Y. Suto & Suyama (1) Sclerencoelia Pärtel & Baral (3) Scleromitrula S. Imai (6) Sclerotinia Fuckel (15) Sclerotium Tode (100) Seaverinia Whetzel (2) Septotinia Whetzel ex J.W. Groves & M.E. Elliott (2) Streptotinia Whetzel (3) Stromatinia (Boud.) Boud. (15) Valdensia Peyronel (3)

Tricladium Ingold (25)

Acephala Grunig & T.N. Sieber (2) Chlorovibrissea L.M. Kohn (4) Leucovibrissea (A. Sanchez) Korf (1) Pocillum De Not. (1) Srinivasanomyces S. Rana & S.K. Singh (1)* Vibrissea Fr (34)

    • Helotiales genera incertae sedis

Acidea Hujslova & M. Kolarık (1) Acidomelania E. Walsh & N. Zhang (1) Algincola Velen. (1) Amylocarpus Curr. (1) Angelina Fr. (1) Aphanodesmium Réblová & Hern.-Restr.* Apiculospora Wijayaw., Camporesi, A.J.L. Phillips & K.D. Hyde (1) Aquadiscula Shearer & J.L. Crane (2) Aquapoterium Raja & Shearer (1) Ascluella DiCosmo, Nag Raj & W.B. Kendr. (1) Ascoclavulina Otani (8) Banksiamyces G. Beaton (4) Belonioscyphella Hohn. (4) Benguetia Syd. & P. Syd. (1) 174 Bioscypha Syd. (2) Brachyalara Reblova & W. Gams (1) Brefeldochium Verkley (1) Bulgariella P. Karst. (4) Bulgariopsis Henn. (2) Calycellinopsis W.Y. Zhuang (1) Capillipes R. Sant. (1) Capricola Velen. (1) Cashiella Petr. (3) Cejpia Velen. (3) Cenangiumella J. Frohl. & K.D. Hyde (1) Chloroepilichen Etayo (1) Chlorospleniella P. Karst. (1) Chondroderris Maire (1) Ciliella Sacc. & P. Syd. (1) Cistella Quel. (50) Clathrosporium Nawawi & Kuthub. (1) Coleosperma Ingold (1) Colipila Baral & Guy Garcıa (2) Comesia Sacc. (3) Cornuntum Velen. (1) Coronellaria P. Karst. (4) Criserosphaeria Speg. (1) Crocicreas Fr. (4) Crucellisporium M.L. Farr (3) Crumenella P. Karst. (1) Cryptohymenium Samuels & L.M. Kohn (1) Cryptopezia Hohn. (1) Dactylaria Sacc. (100) Dawsicola Dobbeler (1) Dermateopsis Nannf. (2) Didonia Velen. (5) Didymascella Maire & Sacc. (5) Discomycella Hohn. (1) Durella Tul. & C. Tul. (22) Echinodiscus Etayo & Diederich (2) Encoeliopsis Nannf. (4) Episclerotium L.M. Kohn (2) Erikssonopsis M. Morelet (1) Fulvoflamma Crous (1) Gloeopeziza Zukal (8) Godroniopsis Diehl & E.K. Cash (3) Gorgoniceps (P. Karst.) P. Karst. (3) Grimmicola Dobbeler & Hertel (1) Grovesia Dennis (1) Hemiglossum Pat. (2) Humicolopsis Cabral & S. Marchand (2) Hydrocina Scheuer (1) Hymenobolus Durieu & Mont. (3) Hyphoscypha Velen. (1) Hysteronaevia Nannf. (12) Hysteropezizella Hohn. (26) 175 Hysterostegiella Hohn. (10) Infundichalara Reblova & W. Gams (2) Involucroscypha Raitv. (10) Jacobsonia Boedijn (1) Korfia J. Reid & Cain (1) Larissia Raitv. (1) Lasseria Dennis (1) Lemalis Fr. (3) Libartania Nag Raj (2) Livia Velen. (1) Masseea Sacc. (4) Melanopeziza Velen. (1) Merodontis Clem. (1) Microdiscus Sacc. (1) Mitrulinia Spooner (1) Monochaetiellopsis B. Sutton & DiCosmo (2) Mycosphaerangium Verkley (3) Obconicum Velen. (2) Obscurodiscus Raitv. (1) Orbiliopsis (Sacc. & D. Sacc.) Syd. & P. Syd. (2) Otwaya G. Beaton (12) Pachydisca Boud. (32) Parencoelia Petr. (4) Patinellaria H. Karst. (1) Peltigeromyces A. Mo¨ller (3) Pestalopezia Seaver (3) Pezolepis Syd. (2) Pezomela Syd. (1) Phacidiella P. Karst. (1) Phaeofabraea Rehm (1) Phaeopyxis Rambold & Triebel (1) Phragmonaevia Rehm (16) Piceomphale Svrček (1) Pleoscutula Vou. (3) Podophacidium Niessl (2) Polydesmia Boud. (7) Polyphilus D.G. Knapp, Ashrafi, W. Maier & Kovács (2) Populomyces Hern.-Restr. (1)* Potridiscus Dobbeler & Triebel (1) Pseudohelotium Fuckel (50) Pseudolachnum Velen. (1) Pseudomitrula Gamundı (1) Pseudopeltis L. Holm & K. Holm (1) Pseudotryblidium Rehm (1) Psilophana Syd. (1) Pteromyces E. Bommer, M. Rousseau & Sacc. (1) Pubigera Baral, Gminder & Svrček (1) Radotinea E. Bommer, M. Rousseau & Sacc. (1) Rhexocercosporidium U. Braun (2) Rhizocladosporium Crous & U. Braun (1) Rhizothyrium Naumov (1) Rommelaarsia Baral & Haelew. (1) 176 Roseodiscus Baral (4) Sageria A. Funk (1) Sambucina Velen. (1) Sarcomyces Massee (1) Sclerocrana Samuels & L.M. Kohn (4) Scutulopsis Velen. (1) Soosiella Hujslova & M. Kolarık (1) Sorokina Sacc. (1) Sorokinella J. Frohl. & K.D. Hyde (2) Spirosphaera Beverw. (8) Stamnaria Fuckel (7) Stilbopeziza Speg. (1) Strossmayeria Schulzer (20) Tetracladium De Wild. (10) Thedgonia B. Sutton (6) Themisia Velen. (8) Tovariella Syd. (1) Trichohelotium Killerm. (2) Triposporium Corda (14) Unguicularia Hohn. (7) Urceolella Boud. (44) Vandijckella Sand.-Den. (1) Waltonia Saho (1) Woodiella Sacc. & P. Syd. (3) Xeromedulla Korf & W.Y. Zhuang (3) Zugazaea Korf, Iturr. & Lizoň (1)

Lahmia Korb. (2)

Lauriomyces R.F. Castaneda (11)

Halenospora E.B.G. Jones (1) Leotia Pers. (23) Microglossum Gillet (26) Miniancora Marvanova & Barl. (1)

Lichinodium Nyl. (4)

Epithamnolia Zhurb. (8) Mniaecia Boud. (3)

Claussenomyces Kirschst. (15) Collophorina Damm & Crous (7) Durandiella Seaver (15) Gelatinosporium Peck (12) Myriodiscus Boedijn (2) Pragmopora A. Massal. (8) Tympanis Fr. (64)

    • Leotiales genera incertae sedis

Alatospora Ingold (4) Aotearoamyces P.R. Johnst., J.A. Cooper & Quijada (1) Flagellospora Ingold (6)

Cyclaneusma DiCosmo, Peredo & Minter (2) Marthamyces Minter (18) Mellitiosporiella Hohn. (3) Mellitiosporium Corda (10) Naemacyclus Fuckel (13) Phragmiticola Sherwood (1) Propolina Sacc. (1) Propolis (Fr.) Corda (8) Ramomarthamyces P.R. Johnst. (4)

Medeolaria Thaxt (1)

Micraspis Darker (3)

Calloriopsis Syd. & P. Syd. (1) Eleutheromycella Hohn. (1) Eleutheromyces Fuckel (2) Gelatinipulvinella Hosoya & Y. Otani (1) Gelatinopsis Rambold & Triebe (8) Geltingia Alstrup & D. Hawksw. (1) Helicogonium W.L. White (19)

Allantophomopsiella Crous (1) Allantophomopsis Petr. (4) Bulgaria Fr. (12) Darkera H.S. Whitney, J. Reid & Piroz. (5) Lophophacidium Lagerb. (2) Phacidiopycnis Potebnia (6) Phacidium Fr. (40) Pseudophacidium P. Karst. (11) Starbaeckia Rehm ex Starback (1)

    • Phacidiales genus incertae sedis

Coma Nag Raj & W.B. Kendr. (1)

Cudonia Fr. (20) Spathularia Pers. (10)

Bifusella Hohn. (9) Bifusepta Darker (1) Bivallum P.R. Johnst. (7) Canavirgella W. Merr, Wenner & Dreisbach (1) Cavaraella Speg. (1) Ceratophacidium J. Reid & Piroz. (1) Cerion Massee (2) Coccomyces De Not. (119) Colpoma Wallr. (14) Criella (Sacc.) Sacc. & P. Syd. (2) Cryptomyces Grev. (3) Davisomycella Darker (11) Discocainia J. Reid & A. Funk (4) Duplicaria Fuckel (1) Duplicariella B. Erikss. (1) Elytroderma Darker (3) Gelineostroma H.J. Swart (2) Heufleria Auersw. (2) Hypoderma De Not. (56) Hypodermella Tubeuf (3) Hypodermellina Höhn. (1) Hypohelion P.R. Johnst. (4) Lasiostictella Sherwood (1) Lirula Darker (12) Lophodermella Hohn. (9) Lophodermium Chevall. (185) Macroderma Hohn. (2) Meloderma Darker (5) Moutoniella Penz. & Sacc. (1) Mycomelanea Velen. (1) Myriophacidium Sherwood (6) Nematococcomyces C.L. Hou, M. Piepenbr. & Oberw. (2) Neococcomyces Y.R. Lin, C.T. Xiang & Z.Z. Li (3) Neophacidium Petr. (2) Nothorhytisma Minter, P.F. Cannon, A.I. Romero & Peredo (1) Parvacoccum R.S. Hunt & A. Funk (1) Phaeophacidium P. Henn. & Lindau (3) Ploioderma Darker. (8) Propolidium Sacc. (15) Pseudographis Nyl. (10) Pseudorhytisma Juel (1) Pureke P.R. Johnst. (1) Rhytisma Fr. (30) Soleella Darker (7) Sporomega Corda (1) Terriera B. Erikss. (34) Therrya Sacc. (7) Tryblidiopsis P. Karst. (5) Virgella Darker (1) Vladracula P.F. Cannon, Minter & Kamal (2) Xyloschizon Syd. (2) Zeus Minter & Diamandis (1)

Huangshania O.E. Erikss. (2) Triblidium Rebent. (13)

    • Rhytismatales genera incertae sedis

Apiodiscus Petr. (1) Bonanseja Sacc. (1) Didymascus Sacc. (2) Haplophyse Theiss. (1) Irydyonia Racib. (1) Laquearia Fr. (2) Mycosymbioces J.L. Frank (1) Nymanomyces P. Henn. (2) Pseudotrochila Hohn. (1)

Connersia Malloch (1) Geomyces Traaen (9) Gymnostellatospora Udagawa, Uchiy. & Kamiya (6) Leuconeurospora Malloch & Cain (2) Neelakesa Udaiyan & Hosag. (3) Pleuroascus Massee & E.S. Salmon (3) Pseudeurotium J.F.H. Beyma (8) Pseudogymnoascus Raillo (12)

Antarctomyces Stchigel & Guarro (2) Ascophanus Boud. (56) Ascozonus (Renny) E.C. Hansen (9) Caccobius Kimbr. (1) Carneothele Fryday, T. Sprib. & M. Svenss. (1)* Cleistothelebolus Malloch & Cain (1) Coprobolus Cain & Kimbr. (1) Inopinatum Haelew. & Aime. (1)* Leptokalpion Brumm. (1) Pseudascozonus Brumm. (1) Ramgea Brumm. (2) Solomyces Zhi Y. Zhang, Y.F. Han & Z.Q. Liang (3)* Thelebolus Tode (16)

Porodiplodia Crous (1)

  • Leotiomycetes genera incertae sedis

Adelodiscus Syd. (1) Bagnisimitrula S. Imai (1) Callerascus Whitton, K.D. Hyde & McKenzie (1) Deltopyxis Baral & G. Marson (1) Epicladonia D. Hawksw. (5) Gorgomyces M. Gonczol & Revay (2) Helicocentralis Sri-indr., Chuaseehar., Boonyuen, K. Yamag., Suetrong & C.K.M. Tsui (1) Helotiella Sacc. (17) Holwaya Sacc. (2) Leohumicola N.L. Nick. (7) Melanormia Korb. (1) Metapezizella Petr. (1) Nannfeldtia Petr. (2)* Ocotomyces H.C. Evans & Minter (1) Patinella Sacc. (25) Phyllopezis Petr. (1) Physmatomyces Rehm (1) Polydiscina Syd. (1) Psilothecium Clem. (1) Schnablia Sacc. & P. Syd. (1) Trullula Ces. (5)

Illustration of "Basimycetes" from Haeckel's Kunstformen der Natur

References

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  1. ^ Wijayawardene, N.N.; Hyde, K.D.; Dai, D.Q.; Sánchez-García, M.; Goto, B.T.; Saxena, R.K.; et al. (2022). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa – 2021". Mycosphere. 13 (1): 53–453. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/13/1/2. S2CID 249054641.
  2. ^ a b Tedersoo, Leho; Sánchez-Ramírez, Santiago; Kõljalg, Urmas; Bahram, Mohammad; Döring, Markus; Schigel, Dmitry; May, Tom; Ryberg, Martin; Abarenkov, Kessy (2018), "High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses", Fungal Diversity, 90: 135–159, doi:10.1007/s13225-018-0401-0