Te Tai Tonga
Te Tai Tonga | |
---|---|
Single-member Māori constituency for the New Zealand House of Representatives | |
![]() | |
Region | South Island, Chatham Islands and parts of Wellington |
Current constituency | |
Created | 1996 |
Current MP | Tākuta Ferris |
Party | Te Pāti Māori |
List MP | Rino Tirikatene (Labour) |
Te Tai Tonga (lit. 'The South Coast') is a New Zealand parliamentary Māori electorate, returning one Member of Parliament to the New Zealand House of Representatives. It was established for the 1996 general election, replacing Southern Maori. It covers all of the South Island, Stewart Island, the Chatham Islands, and parts of both Wellington City and the Hutt Valley. The current MP for Te Tai Tonga is Tākuta Ferris of Te Pāti Māori.
Population centres
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/View_from_Chatham_Islands.jpg/220px-View_from_Chatham_Islands.jpg)
Te Tai Tonga is geographically by far the largest of the seventy-one electorates of New Zealand, covering all of the South Island, Stewart Island, the Chatham Islands, all the islands in the Southern Ocean and a large part of the Wellington urban area, namely Wellington City as far as Churton Park, and Lower Hutt City south of Naenae and west of Wainuiomata. Besides Wellington, the main centres in Te Tai Tonga are Nelson, Christchurch, Timaru, Oamaru, Dunedin, Queenstown, and Invercargill.
As a Māori electorate, Te Tai Tonga overlaps with the sixteen South Island electorates, as well as Rongotai and Wellington Central, and parts of Ōhāriu and Hutt South.
Te Tai Tonga's size was marginally decreased after a review of boundaries in 2007, when the suburbs of Naenae and Taitā were moved into Ikaroa-Rāwhiti.[1] The 2013/14 redistribution did not further alter the boundaries of the electorate.[2] The 2019/20 redistribution adjusted the north-east boundary to align with the northern boundary of Hutt South.[3]
The main iwi of Te Tai Tonga are Ngāi Tahu/Kāi Tahu, Kāti Māmoe and Waitaha, and in the North Island, Te Āti Awa ki Whakarongotai, Ngāti Toa Rangatira and Ngāti Poneke,[4] that latter of which is not iwi in the traditional sense, but an urban pan-tribal grouping. The Chatham Islands was invaded by members of Ngāti Mutunga and Ngāti Tama, and their descendants live there today, alongside the indigenous Moriori.
History
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Eastbourne_NZ_Rimu_Street.jpg/220px-Eastbourne_NZ_Rimu_Street.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Otakou_marae.jpg/220px-Otakou_marae.jpg)
Te Tai Tonga was established for the 1996 general election, replacing Southern Maori which had existed since the first Māori elections in 1868. The 1996 election was the first to use the Mixed Member Proportional (MMP) voting system and a new formula for calculating the number of electorates, which resulted in an increase in the number of Māori electorates from four to five.
The main difference involves the separation of the Wairarapa and Hawke's Bay into seats wholly located in the North Island—initially Te Puku O Te Whenua, and since 1999 Ikaroa-Rāwhiti.
Whetū Tirikatene-Sullivan had served as Southern Maori's representative in Parliament since 1967—during the terms of five different governments and nine Prime Ministers. However, the New Zealand First Party challenger Tū Wyllie tipped her out of the seat in 1996, as sixty years of Labour Party control of the Māori electorates ended.
In 1999 New Zealand First lost its electoral footing after an unpopular term in office, firstly as junior government-coalition partner and then following an internal split in the party, with much of the party's original parliamentary caucus leaving the party ("waka-jumping") to prop up the government of Jenny Shipley (although Wyllie himself did not join the breakaway group). Along with a drop in the New Zealand First vote from thirteen to four percent nationwide came the return of the Māori electorates to Labour and the election of Mahara Okeroa to Parliament as the Labour Party MP for Te Tai Tonga.
A political difference of opinion between many Māori and the Labour Party emerged in 2004, when Helen Clark's Labour government introduced the Seabed and Foreshore Bill, claiming the coastline for the Crown and in the process providing the catalyst for the launch of the Māori Party (7 July 2004), which went on to win four of the seven Māori seats (but not the plurality of the party votes cast in those seats) at the 2005 general election. Te Tai Tonga did not form part of this electoral sea-change, with Okeroa's majority slashed from 8,000 to around 2,500 despite his facing two fewer contenders than in 2002.
Rahui Katene won the electorate for the Māori Party in the 2008 election, defeating the incumbent.[5] She was defeated after a single term; Rino Tirikatene, the nephew of Tirikatene-Sullivan, won the electorate in 2011 with a margin of 1,475 votes.[6] He was returned in the 2014 and 2017 elections with increased majorities.[7]
Members of Parliament
[edit]Key
NZ First Labour Te Pāti Māori Green
List MPs
[edit]Members of Parliament elected from party lists in elections where that person also unsuccessfully contested the Te Tai Tonga electorate. Unless otherwise stated, all MPs terms began and ended at general elections.
Election | Winner | |
---|---|---|
2005 election | Metiria Turei | |
2023 election | Rino Tirikatene |
Election results
[edit]2023 election
[edit]2023 general election: Te Tai Tonga[8] | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
Te Pāti Māori | Tākuta Ferris | 12,828 | 46.80 | +21.39 | 6,447 | 22.69 | +14.00 | ||
Labour | ![]() |
10,004 | 36.49 | –12.39 | 10,396 | 36.59 | –22.11 | ||
Legalise Cannabis | Rebecca Rae Robin | 2,852 | 10.40 | +4.48 | 479 | 1.68 | –0.43 | ||
Independent | Geoffrey Karena Fuimaono Puhi | 816 | 2.97 | — | |||||
Green | 4,605 | 16.20 | +4.82 | ||||||
National | 2,453 | 8.63 | +2.99 | ||||||
NZ First | 1,557 | 5.48 | +2.08 | ||||||
ACT | 659 | 2.31 | –0.44 | ||||||
Opportunities | 549 | 1.93 | +0.10 | ||||||
New Zealand Loyal | 471 | 1.65 | — | ||||||
Freedoms NZ | 154 | 0.54 | — | ||||||
NewZeal | 122 | 0.42 | — | ||||||
DemocracyNZ | 68 | 0.28 | — | ||||||
Animal Justice | 50 | 0.17 | — | ||||||
Leighton Baker Party | 50 | 0.17 | — | ||||||
Women's Rights | 22 | 0.07 | — | ||||||
New Nation | 12 | 0.42 | — | ||||||
New Conservatives | 11 | 0.38 | –0.31 | ||||||
Informal votes | 910 | 302 | |||||||
Total valid votes | 27,410 | 28,409 | |||||||
Te Pāti Māori gain from Labour | Majority | 2,824 | 10.30 | –13.17 |
2020 election
[edit]2020 general election: Te Tai Tonga[9] | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
Labour | ![]() |
14,277 | 48.88 | +4.44 | 17,543 | 58.70 | +2.90 | ||
Māori Party | Tākuta Ferris | 7,422 | 25.41 | +4.44 | 2,596 | 8.69 | +0.29 | ||
Green | Ariana Paretutanganui-Tamati | 3,324 | 11.38 | –13.12 | 3,448 | 11.54 | +3.42 | ||
Legalise Cannabis | Anituhia McDonald | 1,732 | 5.92 | –1.00 | 631 | 2.11 | +0.95 | ||
Advance NZ | Matiu Thoms | 965 | 3.30 | — | 635 | 2.12 | — | ||
New Conservative | Raymond Tuhaka | 606 | 2.07 | — | 208 | 0.69 | +0.61 | ||
National | 1,685 | 5.64 | –6.83 | ||||||
NZ First | 1,030 | 3.45 | –4.35 | ||||||
ACT | 822 | 2.75 | +2.55 | ||||||
Opportunities | 547 | 1.83 | — | ||||||
Vision NZ | 130 | 0.43 | — | ||||||
ONE | 98 | 0.33 | — | ||||||
Outdoors | 58 | 0.19 | +0.14 | ||||||
Sustainable NZ | 15 | 0.05 | — | ||||||
Heartland | 7 | 0.02 | — | ||||||
Social Credit | 7 | 0.02 | — | ||||||
TEA | 5 | 0.01 | — | ||||||
Informal votes | 879 | 417 | |||||||
Total valid votes | 29,205 | 29,882 | |||||||
Labour hold | Majority | 6,855 | 23.47 | +3.52 |
2017 election
[edit]2017 general election: Te Tai Tonga[10] | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
Labour | ![]() |
10,416 | 44.44 | +2.67 | 13,484 | 55.80 | +19.1 | ||
Green | Metiria Turei | 5,740 | 24.50 | +8.81 | 1,963 | 8.12 | –8.29 | ||
Māori Party | Mei Reedy-Taare | 4,915 | 20.97 | –3.22 | 2,030 | 8.40 | –2.79 | ||
Legalise Cannabis | Emma-Jane Mihaere Kingi | 1,625 | 6.93 | +1.96 | 280 | 1.16 | –0.20 | ||
National | 3,014 | 12.47 | –2.45 | ||||||
NZ First | 1,926 | 7.80 | –5.02 | ||||||
Opportunities | 944 | 3.91 | — | ||||||
Mana | 123 | 0.51 | –4.42[a] | ||||||
Ban 1080 | 58 | 0.24 | –0.24 | ||||||
ACT | 48 | 0.20 | +0.03 | ||||||
People's Party | 20 | 0.82 | — | ||||||
Conservative | 18 | 0.075 | –0.68 | ||||||
Outdoors | 11 | 0.046 | — | ||||||
United Future | 10 | 0.041 | –0.049 | ||||||
Internet | 6 | 0.025 | –4.905[b] | ||||||
Democrats | 5 | 0.021 | –0.5 | ||||||
Informal votes | 738 | 226 | |||||||
Total valid votes | 24,166 | 23,434 | |||||||
Labour hold | Majority | 4,676 | 19.95 | +2.37 |
2014 election
[edit]2014 general election: Te Tai Tonga[11] | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
Labour | ![]() |
8,445 | 41.77 | +1.15 | 7,607 | 36.70 | –1.82 | ||
Māori Party | Ngaire Button | 4,891 | 24.19 | –7.60 | 2,319 | 11.19 | –2.30 | ||
Green | Dora Roimata Langsbury | 3,173 | 15.69 | +0.45 | 3,402 | 16.41 | +0.59 | ||
Mana | Georgina Beyer | 1,996 | 9.87 | +1.73 | |||||
Legalise Cannabis | Emma-Jane Mihaere Kingi | 1,005 | 4.97 | +0.76 | 282 | 1.36 | +0.06 | ||
National | 2,977 | 14.92 | –0.56 | ||||||
NZ First | 2,657 | 12.82 | +4.06 | ||||||
Internet Mana | 1,021 | 4.93 | –0.99[c] | ||||||
Conservative | 153 | 0.74 | +0.06 | ||||||
Ban 1080 | 99 | 0.48 | +0.48 | ||||||
ACT | 35 | 0.17 | –0.01 | ||||||
United Future | 18 | 0.09 | –0.15 | ||||||
Democrats | 15 | 0.07 | –0.02 | ||||||
Civilian | 9 | 0.04 | +0.04 | ||||||
Independent Coalition | 8 | 0.04 | +0.04 | ||||||
Focus | 3 | 0.01 | +0.01 | ||||||
Informal votes | 545 | 125 | |||||||
Total valid votes | 20,220 | 20,730 | |||||||
Labour hold | Majority | 3,554 | 17.58 | +8.75 |
2011 election
[edit]2011 general election: Te Tai Tonga[6] | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
Labour | Rino Tirikatene | 6,786 | 40.62 | –1.18 | 6,791 | 38.52 | –11.06 | ||
Māori Party | ![]() |
5,311 | 31.79 | –15.51 | 2,379 | 13.49 | –8.76 | ||
Green | Dora Roimata Langsbury | 2,546 | 15.24 | +4.34 | 2,789 | 15.82 | +8.61 | ||
Mana | Clinton Dearlove | 1,360 | 8.14 | +8.14 | 1,043 | 5.92 | +5.92 | ||
Legalise Cannabis | Emma-Jane Mihaere Kingi | 703 | 4.21 | +4.21 | 230 | 1.30 | +0.26 | ||
National | 2,631 | 14.92 | +3.78 | ||||||
NZ First | 1,544 | 8.76 | +3.20 | ||||||
Conservative | 120 | 0.68 | +0.68 | ||||||
United Future | 43 | 0.24 | +0.05 | ||||||
ACT | 32 | 0.18 | –0.48 | ||||||
Democrats | 16 | 0.09 | +0.06 | ||||||
Alliance | 7 | 0.04 | –0.03 | ||||||
Libertarianz | 4 | 0.02 | +0.003 | ||||||
Informal votes | 840 | 268 | |||||||
Total valid votes | 16,706 | 17,629 | |||||||
Labour gain from Māori Party | Majority | 1,475 | 8.83 | +14.34 |
Electorate (as at 26 November 2011): 31,933[12]
2008 election
[edit]2008 general election: Te Tai Tonga[13] | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
Māori Party | Rahui Katene | 9,011 | 47.30 | 4,414 | 22.26 | ||||
Labour | ![]() |
7,962 | 41.80 | 9,833 | 49.58 | ||||
Green | Dora Roimata Langsbury | 2,076 | 10.90 | 1,430 | 7.21 | ||||
National | 2,210 | 11.14 | |||||||
NZ First | 1,102 | 5.56 | |||||||
Legalise Cannabis | 207 | 1.04 | |||||||
Bill and Ben | 158 | 0.80 | |||||||
ACT | 131 | 0.66 | |||||||
Progressive | 122 | 0.62 | |||||||
Family Party | 76 | 0.38 | |||||||
Kiwi | 69 | 0.35 | |||||||
United Future | 38 | 0.19 | |||||||
Alliance | 14 | 0.07 | |||||||
Workers Party | 13 | 0.07 | |||||||
Democrats | 6 | 0.03 | |||||||
Libertarianz | 4 | 0.02 | |||||||
Pacific | 4 | 0.02 | |||||||
RAM | 2 | 0.01 | |||||||
RONZ | 0 | 0.00 | |||||||
Informal votes | 656 | 261 | |||||||
Total valid votes | 19,049 | 19,833 | |||||||
Māori Party gain from Labour | Majority | 1,049 | 5.51 |
2005 election
[edit]2005 general election: Te Tai Tonga[14] | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
Labour | ![]() |
9,015 | 47.23 | –15.94 | 11,485 | 57.89 | |||
Māori Party | Monte Ohia | 6,512 | 34.12 | +34.12 | 3,481 | 17.55 | |||
Green | Metiria Turei | 2,296 | 12.03 | 1,283 | 6.47 | ||||
Progressive | Russell Caldwell | 705 | 3.69 | 169 | 0.85 | ||||
Destiny | Maru Samuel | 559 | 2.93 | 235 | 1.18 | ||||
National | 1,462 | 7.37 | |||||||
NZ First | 1,240 | 6.25 | |||||||
United Future | 211 | 1.06 | |||||||
Legalise Cannabis | 159 | 0.80 | |||||||
ACT | 58 | 0.29 | |||||||
Alliance | 14 | 0.07 | |||||||
Christian Heritage | 9 | 0.05 | |||||||
Democrats | 8 | 0.04 | |||||||
Family Rights | 7 | 0.04 | |||||||
Libertarianz | 4 | 0.02 | |||||||
One NZ | 4 | 0.02 | |||||||
99 MP | 3 | 0.02 | |||||||
Direct Democracy | 3 | 0.02 | |||||||
RONZ | 3 | 0.02 | |||||||
Informal votes | 655 | 322 | |||||||
Total valid votes | 19,087 | 19,838 | |||||||
Labour hold | Majority | 2,503 | 13.11 | –38.99 |
1999 election
[edit]Refer to Candidates in the New Zealand general election 1999 by electorate#Te Tai Tonga for a list of candidates.
1996 election
[edit]1996 general election: Te Tai Tonga[15][16][17] | |||||||||
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Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
NZ First | Tutekawa Wyllie | 7,657 | 37.99 | 6,576 | 32.47 | ||||
Labour | ![]() |
7,372 | 36.58 | 7,167 | 35.39 | ||||
Alliance | Hone Kaiwai | 1,916 | 9.51 | 2,290 | 11.31 | ||||
Independent | Eva Rickard | 1,220 | 6.05 | ||||||
National | Cliff Bedwell | 1,115 | 5.53 | 1,732 | 8.55 | ||||
Independent | Honty Whaanga-Morris | 873 | 4.33 | ||||||
Legalise Cannabis | 896 | 4.42 | |||||||
Mana Māori | 667 | 3.29 | |||||||
Christian Coalition | 441 | 2.18 | |||||||
ACT | 232 | 1.15 | |||||||
United NZ | 52 | 0.26 | |||||||
McGillicuddy Serious | 37 | 0.18 | |||||||
Te Tawharau | 35 | 0.17 | |||||||
Progressive Green | 33 | 0.16 | |||||||
Animals First | 28 | 0.14 | |||||||
Green Society | 22 | 0.11 | |||||||
Natural Law | 12 | 0.06 | |||||||
Superannuitants & Youth | 9 | 0.04 | |||||||
Ethnic Minority Party | 7 | 0.03 | |||||||
Conservatives | 5 | 0.02 | |||||||
Libertarianz | 4 | 0.02 | |||||||
Advance New Zealand | 3 | 0.01 | |||||||
Asia Pacific United | 2 | 0.01 | |||||||
Informal votes | 279 | 182 | |||||||
Total valid votes | 20,153 | 20,250 | |||||||
NZ First win new seat | Majority | 285 | 1.41 |
Notes
[edit]- ^ 2017 Mana Party swing is relative to the votes for Internet-Mana in 2014; it shared a party list with the Internet Party in the 2014 election
- ^ 2017 Internet Party swing is relative to the votes for Internet-Mana in 2014; it shared a party list with Mana Party in the 2014 election
- ^ 2014 Internet Mana swing is relative to the votes for Mana in 2011; it shared a party list with Internet in the 2014 election.
References
[edit]- ^ Report of the Representation Commission 2007 (PDF). Representation Commission. 14 September 2007. p. 11. ISBN 978-0-477-10414-2. Retrieved 2 October 2014.
- ^ Report of the Representation Commission 2014 (PDF). Representation Commission. 4 April 2014. p. 11. ISBN 978-0-477-10414-2. Retrieved 2 October 2014.
- ^ "Report of the Representation Commission 2020" (PDF). www.elections.nz. 14 April 2020. Retrieved 3 August 2020.
- ^ Te Puni Kōkiri – In Your Region – Te Whanganui ā Tara
- ^ Macintosh, Rob (13 September 2011). "Battle for Maori seat is under way". The Marlborough Express. Retrieved 29 November 2011.
- ^ a b "Official Count Results – Te Tai Tonga". Electoral Commission. 10 December 2011. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
- ^ "Official Count Results – Te Tai Tonga". Electoral Commission. 21 September 2014. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
- ^ "Te Tai Tonga – Official Result". Electoral Commission. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
- ^ "Te Tai Tonga – Official Result". Electoral Commission. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
- ^ "E9 Statistics – Electorate Status". Electoral Commission. Retrieved 17 December 2017.
- ^ "Official Count Results – Te Tai Tonga". Electoral Commission. 10 December 2014. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
- ^ "Enrolment statistics". Electoral Commission. 26 November 2011. Retrieved 28 November 2011.
- ^ 2008 election results
- ^ 2005 election results
- ^ "Electorate Candidate and Party Votes Recorded at Each Polling Place – Te Tai Tonga" (PDF). Retrieved 4 August 2013.
- ^ Party Lists of Successful Registered Parties Archived 8 February 2013 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Party Lists of Unsuccessful Registered Parties
External links
[edit]- Electorate profile, New Zealand Parliament