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SMART-R

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
SMART-R[1]
SR-1 sampling a haboob in Arizona.
Country of originUSA
No. built2
TypeWeather radar
Frequency5635 MHz (SR-1)
5612.82 MHz (SR-2)
(C-Band)
Beamwidth1.5°
Pulsewidth0.2 to 2.0 μs
RPM0-33 deg s−1
Diameter2.5 m
Elevation0°-90°
Other NamesSR

The Shared Mobile Atmospheric Research and Teaching Radar, colloquially known as SMART-R or SR, is a mobile Doppler weather radar platform operated and created by University of Oklahoma (OU) with aide from Texas A&M and Texas Tech University in 2001.

Development

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Throughout the early and late 1990s, several mobile radar concepts came to be, often involving high frequency X-band radars which suffer significant attenuation, and often lack in range. Ideally, these radars would serve as research and observation platforms, covering regions scarcely covered by the NEXRAD network as a whole.[2] One such concept later went on to become the Doppler On Wheels, now a fleet of 3 operational vehicles.[3]

In order to counteract the problems previously described with high frequency radars, two decommissioned WSR-74 radars, originally used for local warnings, were acquired by TAMU. These two radars, both operating in the C-band, are less susceptible to attenuation in precipitation and have overall greater ranges for doppler products. Throughout the rest of the 90s and into 2000, development of the first SMART-R, SR-1, began. During development, a fire in the garage housing SR-1 broke out, destroying the truck and several components. Much of the radar survived, however, and the project continued with the completion of SR-1 in late 2001. Following this, SR-2 was assembled and eventually completed in 2004.[1]

Characteristics

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All listed characteristics will apply to both SRs. The operating maximum power for SR is 250 kW. The highest operating frequency for SR is 5,635 MHz - falling into the C-band. With a 2.5 m center-fed parabolic antenna, the gain is approximately 40 dB. Moreover, half power beamwidth is approximately 1.5°.[1]

Deployments

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Since the inception of the project, both SMART-Rs have performed field research in various regions of the United States, including hurricane research, and haboob intensification studies.[4] Both SMART-Rs have sampled tornadic supercells across the plains, taking part in projects such as VORTEX-2 and VORTEX-SE. Given the SR platform consists of two individual radars, projects are often arranged in what is known as a dual-doppler setup, whereas two radars are located at different locations in varying orientations so as to maximize wind retrieval accuracy.[5]

References

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  1. ^ a b c Michael I. Biggerstaff; et al. (September 2005). "The Shared Mobile Atmospheric Research And Teaching Radar : A Collaboration to Enhance Research and Teaching". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 86 (9). American Meteorological Society: 1263–1274. Bibcode:2005BAMS...86.1263B. doi:10.1175/BAMS-86-9-1263. eISSN 1520-0477. ISSN 0003-0007.
  2. ^ Mersereau, Dennis (22 July 2015). "U.S. radars have come a long way, but gaps in coverage remain a big risk". Washingtonpost.com.
  3. ^ "Center for Severe Weather Research: The DOW Network". Cswr.org.
  4. ^ "OU SMART-R team deploys to Hurricane Irma". Meteorology.ou.edu. 8 September 2017.
  5. ^ "VORTEX-SE - Downdraft Kinematics". Cswr.org. March 27, 2017. Retrieved May 18, 2018.