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Merther

Coordinates: 50°15′50″N 5°00′00″W / 50.2639°N 5.0001°W / 50.2639; -5.0001
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Merther
Merther Church
Merther is located in Cornwall
Merther
Merther
Location within Cornwall
OS grid referenceSW862447
Civil parish
Unitary authority
Ceremonial county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townTRURO
Postcode districtTR
PoliceDevon and Cornwall
FireCornwall
AmbulanceSouth Western
List of places
UK
England
Cornwall
50°15′50″N 5°00′00″W / 50.2639°N 5.0001°W / 50.2639; -5.0001

Merther (Cornish: Eglos Merther, meaning marter's church)[1] is a small hamlet and former civil parish, now in the parish of St Michael Penkevil, in the Cornwall district, in the ceremonial county of Cornwall, England. It lies 2 miles (3 km) east of Truro, on the eastern side of the Tresillian River. In 1931 the parish had a population of 150.[2] It was formerly the churchtown of the small parish of Merther, and also the site of a manor house and medieval chapel dedicated to St Cohan (also spelt Coan). The former parish church is now in ruins.

St Coan was a martyr; there were formerly at Merther a chapel and holy well dedicated to him.[3] A new church was built at Tresillian Bridge in 1904 (the font, bells, statue of St Anthony and pulpit from Merther were moved to the new church). The church was abandoned in the mid-20th century.

Geography

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Tresawsan Farm

Merther (altitude:39 metres (128 ft)) is 200 metres (660 ft) from the eastern bank of the tidal, Treslllian River, a tributary of the Truro River which flows into the River Fal. It is 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) via the modern tarmac road to Tresillian Church (which replaced St Cohan's) and the A390 road, which connects Truro and St Austell. There is a shorter route to Tresillian Church, by foot via the farm at Treffry.[4] The former churchtown now consists of Eglosmertha, School Cottage, Rectory Cottage, Penhale and a ruined church and churchyard.[5]

Tresawsan is a hamlet in the former parish of Merther; the meaning of Tresawsan is "Englishmen's farm".[6] The historian William Hals was born at Tresawsan.

History

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Eglosmerther is a Grade II listed building on the site of a manor house, and the barton was held in 1311 by the Reskymers.[7] It is now a farm, and the farmhouse including the courtyard wall, was a rebuild in 1806–8 of an earlier house.[8]

East of the parish church, in a field called St Coan (grid reference SW866448) which is the site of St Cohan's Chapel and well. By 1480 Cohan was regarded as a martyr and patron-saint of Merther. He may have been killed near here during the invasion of Cornwall by King Athelstan although there is no evidence that he was buried locally.[9][10] His chapel was destroyed in about 1750 and by 1860 the last stones removed. An effigy of St Anthony probably from the 15th-century was moved to Merther Church.[11]

The ruin of St Cohan's church is grade II listed and was built of slatestone walls with granite dressing. Dating from the 13th-century onwards it has a nave, chancel, west tower, south aisle and south porch. Said to be neglected in 1970, the church is now roofless and overgrown with vegetation.[12] Until 1866, Merther was a chapelry to Probus, 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the north-east; it then became a civil parish. The ecclesiastical parish was combined with Lamorran in 1900 to form the parish of Lamorran and Merther, and the civil parish was abolished on 1 April 1934 and absorbed into the civil parish of St Michael Penkevil.[13] In 1904 a more conveniently positioned church, at Tresillian Bridge was enlarged. The 12th-century Pentewan stone font, 17th-century polygonal oak pulpit and bells were removed to the new church, and St Cohan's became a mortuary chapel.[14][15]

References

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  1. ^ "Cornish Language Partnership: Place names". cornwall.gov.uk. Retrieved 26 July 2019.
  2. ^ "Population statistics Merther Ch/CP through time". A Vision of Britain through Time. Retrieved 9 May 2023.
  3. ^ Ellis, P. B. (1992) The Cornish Saints. Penryn: Tor Mark Press, p. 8
  4. ^ OS Explorer 105. Falmouth & Mevagissey (Map). Southampton: Ordnance Survey. 2015. ISBN 978 0 319 24307 7.
  5. ^ 1:10000 Merther, Cornwall (Map). Southampton: Ordnance Survey. 1973.
  6. ^ Weatherhill, Craig (2009) A Concise Dictionary of Cornish Place-Names. Westport, Mayo: Evertype; p. 75
  7. ^ Historic England. "Eglosmerther (428767)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 14 April 2017.
  8. ^ Historic England. "Eglos Merther Farmhouse and Courtyard Wall (1218916)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  9. ^ Dale, Elizabeth. "Those ruined places:Merther". The Cornish Bird. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  10. ^ Orme, Nicholas (2002). The Saints of Cornwall. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 90. ISBN 0 19 820765 4.
  11. ^ Historic England. "St Cohans Chapel (428759)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  12. ^ Historic England. "Church of St Cohan (1291755)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  13. ^ "Merther Ch/CP". A Vision of Britain through time. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  14. ^ Historic England. "St Cohans Church (428769)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 14 April 2017.
  15. ^ Historic England. "Tresillian Church (1141054)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 14 April 2017.
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