Mandelin reagent
Appearance
The Mandelin reagent is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify alkaloids as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of ammonium metavanadate and concentrated sulfuric acid. Its primary use is for the detection of ketamine and PMA[1] Unlike the most common reagent test chemicals, it has a deep red colour that changes to yellow if there is no alkaloid, which occurs within about 48 hours of mixing.[2]
The United States Department of Justice method for producing the reagent is the addition of 100 mL of concentrated (95–98%) sulfuric acid to 0.5[3]-1 g of ammonium metavanadate.[4]
This reagent was invented by the German pharmacologist, Karl Friedrich Mandelin (1854–1906) at the University of Dorpat.
Substance | Color |
---|---|
2C-T-7 | Wine dark to Black[5] |
Acetaminophen | Moderate olive |
Benzphetamine | Brilliant yellow green |
Chlorpromazine | Dark olive |
Cocaine | Deep orange yellow |
Codeine | Dark olive |
d-Amphetamine | Moderate bluish green |
d-Methamphetamine | Dark yellowish green |
Diacetylmorphine (Heroin) | Moderate reddish brown |
Dimethoxymethamphetamine | Dark olive brown |
Doxepin | Very reddish brown |
Dristan | Greyish olive |
Exedrine | Dark olive |
Ketamine | Deep reddish orange[1] |
Mace | Moderate olive green |
MDA | Bluish black[6] |
MDMA | Bluish black[6] |
Mescaline | Dark yellowish brown |
Methadone | Dark greyish blue |
Methaqualone | Very orange yellow |
Methylphenidate | Brilliant orange yellow |
Morphine | Dark greyish reddish brown |
Opium | Olive black |
Oxycodone | Dark greenish yellow |
Procaine | Deep orange |
Propoxyphene | Dark reddish brown |
Psilocybin | Green [7] |
Paramethoxyamphetamine (PMA) | Reddish brown [1] |
Paramethoxymethamphetamine (PMMA) | Reddish brown [1] |
Salt (NaCl-HCl) | Strong orange |
See also
[edit]- Drug checking
- Dille–Koppanyi reagent
- Folin's reagent
- Froehde reagent
- Liebermann reagent
- Marquis reagent
- Mecke reagent
- Simon's reagent
- Zwikker reagent
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d "Mandelin EZ Testing Kit". EZ Test. Retrieved 2012-01-27.
- ^ "Reagent Tests UK - Mandelin reagent". Reagent Tests UK. Retrieved 3 April 2016.
- ^ Poe, Charles F.; O'Day, David W. (2006). "A study of Mandelin's test for strychnine". Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association. 19 (12): 1292. doi:10.1002/jps.3080191206.
- ^ a b "Color Test Reagents/Kits for Preliminary Identification of Drugs of Abuse" (PDF). Law Enforcement and Corrections Standards and Testing Program. July 2000. Retrieved 2011-07-24.
- ^ "2-C-T-7 Mandelin". Reagent Base.
- ^ a b "Dancesafe Mandelin Reagent". Dancesafe. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
- ^ Mahmood, Zafar Alam (2013). "Bioactive Alkaloids from Fungi: Psilocybin". Natural Products: Phytochemistry, Botany and Metabolism of Alkaloids, Phenolics and Terpenes. Springer-Verlag. pp. 523–552. ISBN 978-3-642-22143-9.