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Lyttelton (New Zealand electorate)

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Lyttelton is a former New Zealand parliamentary electorate. It existed from 1853 to 1890, and again from 1893 to 1996, when it was replaced by the Banks Peninsula electorate.

Population centres

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The New Zealand Constitution Act 1852, passed by the British government, allowed New Zealand to establish a representative government. The initial 24 New Zealand electorates were defined by Governor George Grey in March 1853. Lyttelton was one of the initial single-member electorates.[1]

The electorate was in the eastern suburbs of Christchurch, New Zealand, and included the port of Lyttelton.

History

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The electorate was created in 1853 and existed until 1890. In the 1890 election, the Akaroa electorate covered the town of Lyttelton.[2] The Lyttelton electorate was re-established for the 1893 election and existed until 1996, the first mixed-member proportional (MMP) election, when it was included in the Banks Peninsula electorate.

The nomination meeting for the first election was held on 15 August 1853 at the Reading Room in Lyttelton. The first election was held two days later on a Wednesday at the Resident Magistrate's Office in Lyttelton, with Charles Simeon as Resident Magistrate acting as the returning officer.[3] The election was contested by Christopher Edward Dampier, the solicitor of the Canterbury Association, and James FitzGerald, who in the previous month had been elected Canterbury's first Superintendent. FitzGerald won the election by 55 votes to 45.[4] In the 1855 election, FitzGerald was returned unopposed.[5] FitzGerald represented the electorate until 1857, when he resigned due to ill health.[6]

Crosbie Ward won the resulting by-election in May 1858.[7] Ward was re-elected unopposed on 25 January 1861.[8][9]

Edward Allen Hargreaves won the 1866 election.[10] He resigned in April 1867.[11] Hargreaves was succeeded by George Macfarlan, who was elected unopposed in a 1 July 1867 by-election.[12] Macfarlan died in office on 9 October 1868.[13]

John Thomas Peacock won the 2 November 1868 by-election.[14] At the 1871 election, Peacock was re-elected unopposed.[15] He held the seat until April 1873, when was promoted to the New Zealand Legislative Council (the upper house).[16][17] He resigned from Parliament on 5 April 1873.[18] The resulting by-election on 19 May 1873 was won by his brother in law, Henry Richard Webb, who beat Hugh Murray-Aynsley.[19]

At the 28 December 1875 general election, the Lyttelton electorate was contested by the same two candidates as the 1873 by-election, but this time, Murray-Aynsley was successful.[20][21] Murray-Aynsley was defeated by Harry Allwright in the 1879 general election held on 4 September.[22]

John Joyce represented Lyttelton from 1887 to 1890 and from 1893 to 1899. The electorate was held from 1913 by James McCombs for the Social Democrats and then for Labour; he was succeeded by his wife when he died, and then his son when she also died.

The 1925 general election was contested by Melville Lyons and the incumbent, James McCombs.[23] The original count resulted in a tie of 4,900 votes each. The returning officer gave his casting vote to Lyons and declared him elected. A recount was demanded, and on 3 December 1925, an amended result of 4890 votes for Lyons and 4884 votes for McCombs was determined, with the differences in the counts explained by counting informal votes in a different way.[24] Lyons' election was declared void on 13 March 1926, and the previous holder, McCombs, was restored as the holder of the electorate.[23] The 22nd Parliament had its first sitting on 16 June 1926, hence Lyons had not been sworn in before his election was declared void.[25]

The 1931 election had a close result, with McCombs just 32 votes ahead of the United–Reform Coalition candidate, Christchurch civil engineer Frederick Willie Freeman.[26][27]

The seat has been held by National and Norman Kirk transferred to the safer (for Labour) Sydenham seat in 1969, just as his predecessor Harry Lake transferred to the safer (for National) Fendalton seat in 1960.

Election results

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Key

  Independent   Liberal   Social Democrat   Labour   Reform   National

Election Winner
1853 election James FitzGerald
1855 election
1858 by-election Crosbie Ward
1861 election
1866 election Edward Hargreaves
1867 by-election George Macfarlan
1868 by-election John Thomas Peacock
1871 election
1873 by-election Henry Richard Webb
1875 election Hugh Murray-Aynsley
1879 election Harry Allwright
1881 election
1884 election
1887 election John Joyce
(Electorate abolished 1890–1893; see Akaroa)
1893 election John Joyce
1896 election
1899 election George Laurenson
1902 election
1905 election
1908 election
1911 election
1913 by-election James McCombs
1914 election
1919 election
1922 election
1925 election Melville Lyons
13 March 1926[nb 1] James McCombs
1928 election
1931 election
1933 by-election Elizabeth McCombs
1935 by-election Terry McCombs
1935 election
1938 election
1943 election
1946 election
1949 election
1951 election Harry Lake
1954 election
1957 election Norman Kirk
1960 election
1963 election
1966 election
1969 election Tom McGuigan
1972 election
1975 election Colleen Dewe
1978 election Ann Hercus
1981 election
1984 election
1987 election Peter Simpson
1990 election Gail McIntosh
1993 election Ruth Dyson
(Electorate abolished 1996; see Banks Peninsula)

Table footnotes:

  1. ^ 1925 election result declared invalid in 1926 and McCombs reinstated.

Election results

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1993 election

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1993 general election: Lyttelton[28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Ruth Dyson 9,616 40.60
National David Carter 8,939 37.74
Alliance Ann Lewis 3,729 15.74 +6.98
NZ First Ross Gluer 829 3.50
Christian Heritage Bruce Burnett 375 1.58
Natural Law David Lovell-Smith 193 0.81
Majority 677 2.85
Turnout 23,681 87.71 +0.55
Registered electors 26,997

1990 election

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1990 general election: Lyttelton[29]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Gail McIntosh 9,368 41.13
Labour Peter Simpson 9,300 40.83 −15.13
NewLabour Ann Lewis 1,996 8.76
Green Cliff Mason 1,760 7.72
Democrats Audrey Evans Scott 141 0.61
Social Credit Louise Moore 137 0.60
McGillicuddy Serious Tom Wells 74 0.32
Majority 68 0.29
Turnout 22,776 87.16 −1.37
Registered electors 26,129

1987 election

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1987 general election: Lyttelton[30]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Peter Simpson 12,362 55.96
National Philip Hall 8,629 39.06
Democrats Michael Bruce 813 3.68 −0.45
NZ Party Alan John Roberts 187 0.84
Imperial British Conservative Paul Swafford 96 0.43
Majority 3,733 16.90
Turnout 22,087 88.53 −4.11
Registered electors 24,948

1984 election

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1984 general election: Lyttelton[30]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Ann Hercus 11,994 51.52 −2.47
National Doug Graham 7,031 30.20
NZ Party Ross Burrows 3,291 14.13
Social Credit Michael Bruce 962 4.13 −5.86
Majority 4,963 21.32 +3.34
Turnout 23,278 92.64 +1.91
Registered electors 25,127

1981 election

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1981 general election: Lyttelton[30]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Ann Hercus 11,685 53.99 +5.43
National Simon Stamers-Smith 7,793 36.01
Social Credit Michael Bruce 2,163 9.99
Majority 3,892 17.98 +11.40
Turnout 21,641 90.73 +19.93
Registered electors 23,852

1978 election

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1978 general election: Lyttelton[30]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Ann Hercus 10,493 48.56
National Colleen Dewe 9,070 41.98 −5.90
Social Credit Louise Moore 1,294 5.98
Values Helen Chambers 577 2.67
Independent John Victor Pierson 153 0.70
Tory Suzanne Sadler 17 0.07
Majority 1,423 6.58
Turnout 21,604 70.80 −15.09
Registered electors 30,510

1975 election

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1975 general election: Lyttelton[30]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Colleen Dewe 10,107 47.88
Labour Tom McGuigan 9,108 43.15 −13.73
Values Peter Heal 1,300 6.15
Social Credit Errol Crockett 592 2.80
Majority 999 4.73
Turnout 21,107 85.89 −5.69
Registered electors 24,574

1972 election

[edit]
1972 general election: Lyttelton[30]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Tom McGuigan 11,078 56.88 +9.68
National John Blumsky 7,843 40.27
Social Credit Joe Pounsford 472 2.42
Liberal Reform W J Jamieson 52 0.26
New Democratic Robert Ramsay Scarth 31 0.15
Majority 3,235 16.61 +15.05
Turnout 19,476 91.58 −0.18
Registered electors 21,266

1969 election

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1969 general election: Lyttelton[31]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Tom McGuigan 8,800 47.20
National Peter de Latour 8,508 45.63 +5.83
Social Credit Terry Huggins 1,042 5.58
Majority 292 1.56
Turnout 18,642 91.76 +4.12
Registered electors 20,315

1966 election

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1966 general election: Lyttelton[31]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Norman Kirk 9,045 52.00 −2.04
National Peter de Latour 6,924 39.80
Social Credit Cliff Munnings 1,424 8.18 +1.11
Majority 2,121 12.19 −2.97
Turnout 17,393 87.64 −4.51
Registered electors 19,844

1963 election

[edit]
1963 general election: Lyttelton[31]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Norman Kirk 9,539 54.04 +6.35
National Tom Flint 6,862 38.87
Social Credit Cliff Munnings 1,249 7.07 +0.81
Majority 2,677 15.16 +13.60
Turnout 17,650 92.15 −0.53
Registered electors 19,153

1960 election

[edit]
1960 general election: Lyttelton[31]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Norman Kirk 7,910 47.65 −1.00
National Jim Hay 7,650 46.08
Social Credit Cliff Munnings 1,040 6.26
Majority 260 1.56 −1.86
Turnout 16,600 92.68 −1.93
Registered electors 17,911

1957 election

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1957 general election: Lyttelton[31]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Norman Kirk 8,064 48.65
National Harry Lake 7,497 45.23 +2.94
Social Credit Wilfrid Owen 1,014 6.11 −12.21
Majority 567 3.42
Turnout 16,575 94.61 −3.01
Registered electors 17,519

1954 election

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1954 general election: Lyttelton[31]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Harry Lake 6,175 42.29 −8.15
Labour Tom McGuigan 6,151 42.12
Social Credit Wilfrid Owen 2,675 18.32
Majority 24 0.16 −0.73
Turnout 14,601 91.90 +2.24
Registered electors 15,887

1951 election

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1951 general election: Lyttelton[31]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Harry Lake 7,480 50.44
Labour Terry McCombs 7,347 49.55 −3.81
Majority 133 0.89
Turnout 14,827 89.36 −2.51
Registered electors 16,591

1949 election

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1949 general election: Lyttelton[32]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Terry McCombs 7,758 53.36 −1.50
National Richard Ralph Beauchamp 6,780 46.63
Majority 978 6.72 −4.30
Turnout 14,538 91.87 +1.55
Registered electors 15,824

1946 election

[edit]
1946 general election: Lyttelton[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Terry McCombs 7,682 54.86 +3.05
National Ted Taylor 6,319 45.13 +3.77
Majority 1,543 11.02 +0.57
Turnout 14,001 90.32 +0.82
Registered electors 15,500

1943 election

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1943 general election: Lyttelton[34][35]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Terry McCombs 6,817 51.81 −9.58
National Ted Taylor 5,443 41.37
Democratic Labour Malcolm Frederick Nottage 781 5.94
Real Democracy Leonard Alexander Jarden 117 0.89
Informal votes 124 0.93 0.53
Majority 1,374 10.44 −12.34
Turnout 13,282 84.04 −9.10
Registered electors 15,805

1938 election

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1938 general election: Lyttelton[36]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Terry McCombs 8,041 61.39 2.68
National Isaac Wilson 5,057 38.61
Majority 2,984 22.78 −0.61
Informal votes 53 0.40 −0.19
Turnout 13,151 93.14 7.87
Registered electors 14,120

1935 election

[edit]
1935 general election: Lyttelton[37][38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Terry McCombs 6,965 58.71 0.06
United/Reform Seton Fulton Marshall 4,190 35.32
Democrat Benjamin Henry Riseley 709 5.98
Majority 2,775 23.39 4.49
Informal votes 71 0.59
Turnout 11,935 85.27
Registered electors 13,997

1935 by-election

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1935 Lyttelton by-election[39]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Terry McCombs 5,437 58.65
United/Reform Melville Lyons 3,685 39.75
Independent Labour Edward Hills 103 1.11
Independent G.S. Hamilton 46 0.50
Majority 1752 18.9 −6.75
Turnout 9,271 67.43[40]

1933 by-election

[edit]
1933 Lyttelton by-election[41]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Elizabeth McCombs 6,344 61.66 11.89
United/Reform Frederick Freeman 3,675 35.72 −13.76
Independent Labour Edward Hills 269 2.61
Majority 2,669 25.94 +25.65
Turnout 10,288 74.98

1931 election

[edit]
1931 general election: Lyttelton[26][42]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour James McCombs 5,404 49.77
Reform Frederick Willie Freeman 5,372 49.47
Independent William Ling Page 83 0.76
Majority 32 0.29
Informal votes 71 0.65
Turnout 10,930 86.57
Registered electors 12,625

1928 election

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1928 general election: Lyttelton[43]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour James McCombs 5,022 46.53 −3.52
Reform John Beanland 3,036 28.13
United William Thomas Lester 2,734 25.33
Majority 1,986 18.40 18.29
Informal votes 88 0.81 −0.26
Turnout 10,880 90.27 −0.85
Registered electors 12,053

1925 election

[edit]
1925 general election: Lyttelton[44]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour James McCombs[nb 1] 4,900 50.06 −3.39
Reform Melville Lyons 4,889 49.94
Majority 11 0.11 −6.78
Informal votes 106 1.07 −0.19
Turnout 9,895 91.12 0.73
Registered electors 10,859

1922 election

[edit]
1922 general election: Lyttelton[45]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour James McCombs 4,758 53.45 12.27
Reform Robert Macartney 4,144 46.55 13.30
Majority 614 6.90 −1.03
Informal votes 114 1.26 −0.71
Turnout 9,016 90.40 6.99
Registered electors 9,974

1919 election

[edit]
1919 general election: Lyttelton[46]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour James McCombs 2,999 41.18 −20.31
Reform Robert Macartney 2,422 33.26
Liberal William Thomas Lester 1,277 17.53
Liberal Harry Ell 585 8.03
Majority 577 7.92 −15.06
Informal votes 147 1.98 0.49
Turnout 7,430 83.41 −0.44
Registered electors 8,908

1914 election

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1914 general election: Lyttelton[47]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Social Democrat James McCombs 4,276 61.49 9.24
Reform Malcolm Miller 2,678 38.51 −9.24
Majority 1,598 22.98 18.48
Informal votes 105 1.49
Turnout 7,059 83.85
Registered electors 8,419

1913 by-election

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1913 Lyttelton by-election: First ballot
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Social Democrat James McCombs 2,075 42.20
Reform Malcolm Miller 1,560 31.73
Liberal James Laurenson 922 18.75
Independent Liberal Henry Thacker 263 5.35
Independent William Radcliffe 97 1.97
Turnout 4,917
1913 Lyttelton by-election: Second ballot
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Social Democrat James McCombs 2,628 52.25
Reform Malcolm Miller 2,402 47.75
Majority 226 4.50
Turnout 5,030
Social Democrat gain from Liberal Swing

1911 election

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1911 general election: Lyttelton, first ballot[48]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal George Laurenson 4,160 66.66 9.76
Independent Liberal Colin Cook 2,081 33.34
Majority 2,079 33.31 19.51
Informal votes 79 1.25 0.47
Turnout 6,320 83.85 0.27
Registered electors 7,537

1908 election

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1908 general election: Lyttelton, first ballot[49]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal George Laurenson 3,682 56.90 9.21
Independent Liberal Henry Thacker 2,789 43.10
Majority 893 13.80 −7.47
Informal votes 51 0.78
Turnout 6,522 83.58 −2.92
Registered electors 7,803

1905 election

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1905 general election: Lyttelton[50][51]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal George Laurenson 2,515 47.69 −30.09
Liberal William Radcliffe 1,393 26.41
Conservative Charles Lord Russell 967 18.34
Conservative Samuel R. Webb 399 7.57
Majority 1,122 21.27 −34.28
Informal votes 121 2.24
Turnout 5,395 86.50 6.15
Registered electors 6,237

1902 election

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1902 general election: Lyttelton[52]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal George Laurenson 3,041 77.77 2.50
Liberal William Rollitt 869 22.23
Majority 2,172 55.55 5.01
Turnout 3,910 80.35 6.26
Registered electors 4,866

1899 election

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1899 general election: Lyttelton[53]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal George Laurenson 2,700 75.27
Conservative William Jacques 887 24.73
Majority 1,813 50.54
Informal votes
Registered electors 4,841
Turnout 3,587 74.10

1896 election

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1896 general election: Lyttelton[54]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal John Joyce 1,734 49.83 −18.12
Conservative William Jacques 1,288 37.01
Independent Liberal Samuel R. Webb 458 13.16
Majority 446 12.82
Informal votes
Registered electors 4,285[55]
Turnout

1893 election

[edit]
1893 general election: Lyttelton[56][57]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal John Joyce 1,895 67.95
Liberal Edwin Blake 854 30.62
Independent John Moncrieff Douglass 40 1.43
Majority 1,041 37.33
Informal votes
Turnout 2,789 77.71
Registered electors 3,589

1887 election

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1887 general election: Lyttelton[58]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent John Joyce 613 59.75
Independent Harry Allwright 413 40.25 −7.49
Majority 200 19.49 13.67
Turnout 1,026 74.08 −11.05
Registered electors 1,385

1884 election

[edit]
1884 general election: Lyttelton[59]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Harry Allwright 328 47.74 13.35
Independent Samuel R. Webb 288 41.92 9.25
Independent E. M. Clissold 71 10.33
Majority 40 5.82 4.36
Turnout 687 85.13 5.87
Registered electors 807

1881 election

[edit]
1881 general election: Lyttelton[60]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Harry Allwright 259 34.40 −17.78
Independent Edward Richardson 248 32.93
Independent Samuel R. Webb 246 32.67
Majority 11 1.46 −2.89
Turnout 753 79.26 −1.47
Registered electors 950

1879 election

[edit]
1879 general election: Lyttelton[61][62]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Harry Allwright 192 52.17
Independent Hugh Murray-Aynsley 176 47.83 −8.68
Majority 16 4.35 −8.66
Informal votes 5 1.34
Turnout 373 80.74 4.34
Registered electors 462

1875 election

[edit]
1875 general election: Lyttelton[62][21]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Hugh Murray-Aynsley 139 56.50 7.98
Independent Henry Richard Webb 107 43.50 −7.98
Majority 32 13.01 10.06
Turnout 246 76.40
Registered electors 322

1873 by-election

[edit]
1873 Lyttelton by-election[63]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Henry Richard Webb 122 51.48
Independent Hugh Murray-Aynsley 115 48.52
Turnout 237
Majority 7 2.95

1866 election

[edit]
1866 general election: Town of Lyttelton[10][64]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Edward Hargreaves 107 60.80
Independent Henry Sewell 69 39.20
Majority 38 21.59
Turnout 176 48.09
Registered electors 366

1853 election

[edit]
1853 general election: Town of Lyttelton[4]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent James FitzGerald 55 55.0%
Independent Christopher Edward Dampier 45 45.0%
Majority 10 10.0%
Turnout 100 80.0%
Registered electors 125

Footnotes

[edit]
  1. ^ Melville Lyons was elected for the Reform Party, originally the votes were equal (4900), then a recount found for Lyons. But on appeal his election was declared void on 13 March 1926, and the previous holder, James McCombs, was restored as the electorate representative.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 29f.
  2. ^ "Akaroa-cum-Lyttelton". The Star. No. 7029. 6 December 1890. Retrieved 19 April 2010.
  3. ^ "Public Notice". Lyttelton Times. Vol. III, no. 134. 30 July 1853. p. 1. Retrieved 18 September 2013.
  4. ^ a b "Lyttelton Election". Lyttelton Times. Vol. III, no. 137. 20 August 1853. p. 6. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  5. ^ "The Lyttelton Times". Vol. V, no. 328. 2 December 1855. p. 6. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
  6. ^ McIntyre, W. David. "FitzGerald, James Edward". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
  7. ^ Rice, Geoffrey W. "Ward, Crosbie". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
  8. ^ "Canterbury". Wellington Independent. Vol. XVI, no. 1495. 8 February 1861. p. 5. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
  9. ^ "Local Intelligence". Lyttelton Times. Vol. XV, no. 857. 26 January 1861. p. 4. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
  10. ^ a b "Lyttelton election". The Press. Vol. IX, no. 1036. 5 March 1866. p. 2. Retrieved 13 November 2019.
  11. ^ Scholefield 1950, p. 112.
  12. ^ "Lyttelton Election". Press. Vol. XII, no. 1450. 2 July 1867. p. 2. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
  13. ^ Scholefield 1950, p. 122.
  14. ^ "Election of a Member for Lyttelton". The Star. No. 148. 2 November 1868. p. 2. Retrieved 14 April 2010.
  15. ^ "Lyttelton election". The Star. No. 823. 16 January 1871. p. 3. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
  16. ^ "The Evening Post. Thursday, April 3, 1873". The Evening Post. Vol. IX, no. 44. 3 April 1873. p. 2. Retrieved 15 April 2010.
  17. ^ "Local and General". The Star. No. 1600. 7 April 1873. p. 2. Retrieved 15 April 2010.
  18. ^ "Local and General". The Star. No. 1599. 5 April 1873. p. 2. Retrieved 15 April 2010.
  19. ^ "Lyttelton Election". The Star. No. 1634. 20 May 1873. p. 3. Retrieved 15 April 2010.
  20. ^ "Lyttelton Polling". The Star. No. 2424. Lyttelton. 29 December 1875. p. 2. Retrieved 18 April 2010.
  21. ^ a b "Lyttelton polling". The Press. Vol. XXIV, no. 3222. 29 December 1875. p. 2. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
  22. ^ "The General Elections". The Star. No. 3558. 5 September 1879. p. 2. Retrieved 13 March 2010.
  23. ^ a b Wilson 1985, p. 213.
  24. ^ "Lyttelton Recount". The Evening Post. Vol. CX, no. 135. 4 December 1925. p. 9. Retrieved 9 November 2011.
  25. ^ Wilson 1985, p. 141.
  26. ^ a b The General Election, 1931. Government Printer. 1932. p. 3. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
  27. ^ "General Election, 1931". Akaroa Mail and Banks Peninsula Advertiser. Vol. LV, no. 5635. 27 November 1931. p. 2. Retrieved 22 November 2014.
  28. ^ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1993. p. 56.
  29. ^ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1990. p. 58.
  30. ^ a b c d e f Norton 1988, p. 264.
  31. ^ a b c d e f g Norton 1988, p. 263.
  32. ^ "The General Election, 1949". National Library. 1950. pp. 1–5, 8. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
  33. ^ "The General Election, 1946". National Library. 1947. pp. 1–11, 14. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  34. ^ "Public Notices". The Press. Vol. LXXIX, no. 24077. 13 October 1943. p. 1. Retrieved 15 May 2017.
  35. ^ McRobie 1989, p. 92.
  36. ^ "The General Election, 1938". National Library. 1939. p. 3. Retrieved 23 November 2019.
  37. ^ "Maori Seats". The Evening Post. Vol. CXX, no. 135. 4 December 1935. p. 12. Retrieved 23 November 2019.
  38. ^ McRobie 1989, p. 88.
  39. ^ "Labour Wins". The Evening Post. Vol. CXX, no. 22. 25 July 1935. p. 10. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  40. ^ "Issue of Writ". The Evening Post. Vol. CXIX, no. 149. 26 June 1935. p. 10. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  41. ^ "Lyttelton Seat". The Evening Post. Vol. CXVI, no. 70. 20 September 1933. p. 10. Retrieved 29 January 2011.
  42. ^ "Notice of Nominations Received and Polling Places Appointed". Akaroa Mail and Banks Peninsula Advertiser. Vol. LV, no. 5634. 24 November 1931. p. 2. Retrieved 22 November 2014.
  43. ^ Skinner, W. A. G. (1929). The General Election, 1928. Government Printer. p. 3. Retrieved 23 November 2019.
  44. ^ Skinner, W. A. G. (1926). The General Election, 1925. Government Printer. p. 3. Retrieved 23 November 2019.
  45. ^ Hislop, J. (1923). The General Election, 1922. Government Printer. p. 5. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
  46. ^ Hislop, J. (1921). The General Election, 1919. National Library. p. 4. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
  47. ^ Hislop, J. (1915). The General Election, 1914. National Library. p. 21. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
  48. ^ Mansfield, F. W. (1912). The General Election, 1911. National Library. p. 4. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
  49. ^ "Election notices". Lyttelton Times. Vol. CXIX, no. 14848. 21 November 1908. p. 7. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
  50. ^ The General Election, 1905. National Library. 1906. p. 4. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
  51. ^ "To-day's election: the candidates". Lyttelton Times. Vol. CXIV, no. 13925. 6 December 1905. p. 3. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
  52. ^ The General Election, 1902. National Library. 1903. p. 2. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
  53. ^ "The General Election, 1899". Wellington: Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives. 19 June 1900. p. 2. Retrieved 1 November 2012.
  54. ^ "Electoral District of Lyttelton". The Press. Vol. LIII, no. 9594. 7 December 1896. p. 1. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
  55. ^ McRobie 1989, p. 64.
  56. ^ The General Election, 1893. Government Printer. 1894. p. 2. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
  57. ^ "The General Election". Otago Daily Times. 28 November 1893. p. 6. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
  58. ^ Cooper, G. S. (1887). The General Election, 1887. National Library. p. 3. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
  59. ^ Cooper, G. S. (1884). The General Election, 1884. National Library. p. 2. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
  60. ^ Cooper, G. S. (1882). Votes Recorded for Each Candidate. Government Printer. p. 3. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
  61. ^ "The general elections: Lyttelton election". The Star. No. 3558. 5 September 1879. p. 2. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
  62. ^ a b McRobie 1989, p. 44.
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References

[edit]
  • McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
  • Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946–1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN 0-475-11200-8.
  • Scholefield, Guy (1950) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949 (3rd ed.). Wellington: Govt. Printer.
  • Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.
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