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Lophiodon

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Lophiodon
Temporal range: Eocene
52–38 Ma
Lophiodon sp.
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Perissodactyla
Family: †Lophiodontidae
Genus: †Lophiodon
Cuvier, 1822
Species[1]
  • Lophiodon ballardi Marsh, 1871
  • Lophiodon eygalayense Labarrère & Montenat, 2011
  • Lophiodon filholi
  • Lophiodon lautricense Noulet, 1851
  • Lophiodon leptorhynchum Filhol, 1888
  • Lophiodon parvulum Laurillard, 1849
  • Lophiodon remensis Lemoine, 1878
Synonyms[1]
  • Tapirotherium Blainville, 1817

Lophiodon (from Greek: λόφος lóphos, 'crest' and Greek: ὀδούς odoús 'tooth')[2] is an extinct genus of mammal related to chalicotheres.[3] It lived in Eocene Europe 52 to 38 million years ago,[3] and was previously thought to be closely related to Hyrachyus.[4][5] Lophiodon was named and described by Cuvier (1822) based on specimens from the Sables du Castrais Formation.[6] There are various species of Lophiodon known to have existed throughout Eocene Europe, where they were the largest herbivorous mammals in the region.[7]

Life restoration of Lophiodon lautricense
Lophiodon lautricense lower jaw and upper jaw fragment at the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Lophiodon". Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  2. ^ Roberts, George (1839). An etymological and explanatory dictionary of the terms and language of geology. London: Longman, Orme, Brown, Green, & Longmans. p. 100. Retrieved 31 December 2021.
  3. ^ a b Verault, Q.; Tabuce, R.; et al. (November 2020). "New remains of Lophiaspis maurettei (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from the Early Eocene of France and the implications for the origin of the Lophiodontidae" (PDF). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 40 (6): e1878200. Bibcode:2020JVPal..40E8200V. doi:10.1080/02724634.2020.1878200.
  4. ^ F.V. Hayden Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories, Volume III. (1883)
  5. ^ Alexandra van der Geer, George Lyras, John de Vos, Michael Dermitzakis Evolution of Island Mammals. (John Wiley and Sons, 2010, p. 113-114)
  6. ^ Cuvier, G. (1822) – Recherche sur les ossements fossiles où l’on rétablit les caractères de plusieurs animaux dont les révolutions du globe ont détruit les espèces. Nouvelle édition.. Tome second, 1er partie.
  7. ^ Holbrook, Luke T. (2009-03-12). "Osteology of Lophiodon Cuvier, 1822 (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) and its phylogenetic implications". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 29 (1): 212–230. doi:10.1671/039.029.0117. ISSN 0272-4634.


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