Jump to content

List of U.S. jurisdictions banning conversion therapy

Add links
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Map of U.S. cities and counties that have bans on sexual orientation and gender identity change efforts.
  Ban on conversion therapy for minors on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity (Washington, D.C. also bans such therapy for adults.)
  Ban on use of state or federal funds for conversion therapy for minors on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity
  State law prohibits local governments from banning conversion therapy
  Federal court has ruled that banning conversion therapy is unconstitutional; Dark red spots indicate cities/counties that had pre-existing bans
  No ban on conversion therapy for minors
Photo of a man signing a document
Murray in 2016
Photo of a man signing a document
Malloy in 2017
Mayor Ed Murray and Governor Dannel Malloy signing legislation, banning the practice of conversion therapy on minor clients in Seattle and Connecticut, respectively.

A majority of the United States population lives in jurisdictions that have banned conversion therapy on minors, although significant gaps in protections remain. Opponents of conversion therapy argue that it is abusive to attempt to change an individual's sexual orientation or gender identity and that the practice is based in pseudoscience. A total of 27 states, as well as the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and more than 100 municipalities have instituted bans on conversion therapy and its governmental funding.

Penalties range from fines to imprisonment. The District of Columbia is the only U.S. jurisdiction whose ban also applies to adults. Three states ban the use of state and federal funds for conversion therapy on minors. In some jurisdictions, bans on conversion therapy have been enjoined on First Amendment grounds.[1]

Americans overwhelmingly support bans on conversion therapy for minors and do not believe it is effective.[2][3]

A 2023 report[4] by The Trevor Project found over 1,300 active conversion therapists still operating in all U.S. states except Vermont and Hawaii.[5]

States

[edit]
States with bans on conversion therapy for minor clients on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity or expression
  Ban only applies to state and federal funding of conversion therapy on minors.
State Date of enactment Date effective Legalization method Details
1.[6]  New Jersey August 19, 2013 August 19, 2013 Legislative statute On June 24, 2013, the New Jersey Assembly voted 56–14 in favor of AB 3371.[7] On June 27, 2013, the New Jersey State Senate voted 28–9 to pass the bill.[8] On August 19, 2013, Governor Chris Christie (R) signed the legislation into law, and it took effect the same day.[9]
2.[10]  California September 30, 2012 August 29, 2013 Legislative statute On May 30, 2012, the California State Senate voted 23–13 in favor of SB-1172.[11][12] The California State Assembly voted 52–22 in favor of the bill on August 28, 2012.[citation needed] On September 30, 2012, Governor Jerry Brown (D) signed it into law, and it was scheduled to go into effect on January 1, 2013.[13] On December 21, 2012, in the case of Welch v. Brown, Judge William B. Shubb granted a preliminary injunction to SB-1172 from going into effect.[14] On August 29, 2013, in the case of Pickup v. Brown and Welch v. Brown, the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit upheld SB-1172 and reversed the lower court order granting a preliminary injunction.[15] On May 1, 2017, the Supreme Court rejected an appeal of the case.[16]
3.[17]  Oregon May 18, 2015 May 18, 2015 Legislative statute On March 17, 2015, the Oregon House of Representatives voted 41–18 in favor of HB 2307, and the Oregon State Senate voted 21–8 in favor of the bill on May 7, 2015. On May 18, 2015, Governor Kate Brown (D) signed the bill into law and it went into effect the same day.[18][19]
4.[20]  Illinois August 20, 2015 January 1, 2016 Legislative statute On May 19, 2015, the Illinois House of Representatives voted 68–43 in favor of HB 217.[21] The bill passed the Illinois State Senate on May 29, 2015, by 34 votes to 19.[22] On August 20, 2015, Governor Bruce Rauner (R) signed the legislation, and it went into effect on January 1, 2016.[23]
5.[24]  Vermont May 25, 2016 July 1, 2016 Legislative statute On March 17, 2016, the Vermont Senate unanimously approved S.132.[25][26] On April 26, the Vermont House of Representatives approved it with amendments. The Senate concurred with the amendments on April 29.[27] Governor Peter Shumlin (D) signed the bill on May 25. It went into effect on July 1.[28]
6.[29]  New Mexico April 7, 2017 April 7, 2017 Legislative statute The state Senate approved SB 121 on February 16, 2017, by a 32–6 vote, and the state House of Representatives concurred on March 15, 2017, by a 44–23 vote. The bill was signed by Governor Susana Martinez (R) on April 7, 2017.[30][31] The law went into effect immediately.
7.[32]  Connecticut May 10, 2017 May 10, 2017 Legislative statute The state House of Representatives approved HB 6695 on May 2, 2017, by a 141–8 vote, and the Senate concurred on May 10, 2017, by a 36–0 vote. The bill was signed by Governor Dannel Malloy (D) the same day and took effect immediately.[33]
8.[34]  Rhode Island July 19, 2017 July 19, 2017 Legislative statute H 5277 was passed by the state House 69–0 on May 30, 2017.[35][36][37] The Senate approved the bill 29–0 on June 30. It was signed by Governor Gina Raimondo (D) on July 19, 2017, and took effect immediately.[38]
9.[39]  Nevada May 17, 2017 January 1, 2018 Legislative statute SB 201 was passed by the state Senate 15–5 on April 4, 2017, and by the Assembly 31–8 on May 9.[40][41][42] The Senate concurred with the House's amendments on the same day. The bill was signed by Governor Brian Sandoval (R) on May 17, 2017,[43][44] and went into effect on January 1, 2018.
10.[45]  Washington March 28, 2018 June 7, 2018 Legislative statute SB 5722 passed the state Senate 32–16 on January 19, 2018, and the state House 66–32 on February 28.[46] After the Senate concurred with the amended House version on March 3, it was signed by Governor Jay Inslee (D) on March 28, 2018.[47][48] It took effect on June 7, 2018.
11.[49]  Hawaii May 25, 2018 July 1, 2018 Legislative statute SB 270 passed the state Senate on March 6, 2018, by a vote of 24–1, and passed the state House of Representatives on April 10, 2018, by a vote of 49–2. A conference committee of both chambers concluded on April 27, 2018, with an amended bill. It was approved by both chambers on May 1, and was signed by Governor David Ige (D) on May 25, 2018. The law took effect on July 1, 2018.[50][51]
12.[52]  Delaware July 23, 2018 July 23, 2018 Legislative statute SB 65 passed the state Senate by a vote of 12–3 on May 17, 2017, and the state House on June 7, 2018, by a vote of 24–14.[53] The bill was signed by Governor John Carney (D) on July 23, 2018, and took effect immediately.[54]
13.[55]  Maryland May 15, 2018 October 1, 2018 Legislative statute SB 1028 passed the state Senate on March 27, 2018, by a vote of 34–12, and the state House on April 4, 2018, by a vote of 95–27.[56][57] The bill was signed by Governor Larry Hogan (R) on May 15, 2018, and went into effect on October 1, 2018.[58][59]
14.[60]  New Hampshire June 8, 2018 January 1, 2019 Legislative statute HB 587 passed the state House on February 8, 2018, by a vote of 179–171, and the state Senate on April 19, 2018, by a vote of 14–10, with an amendment.[61][62] The House accepted the Senate's amendment on May 10, 2018.[63] It was signed by Governor Chris Sununu (R) on June 8, 2018, and took effect on January 1, 2019.[64]
15.[65]  New York January 25, 2019 January 25, 2019 Legislative statute A576 passed the state Assembly on January 15, 2019, by a vote of 134–3, and passed the state Senate that same day by a vote of 57–4.[66][67] The bill was signed by Governor Andrew Cuomo (D) on January 25, 2019, and took effect immediately upon receiving his signature. Since 2016, conversion therapy has been banned in New York from coverage by insurers and Medicaid, or from being practiced by any state-licensed or operated mental health facility per executive order.[68]
16.[69]  Massachusetts April 8, 2019 April 8, 2019 Legislative statute H140 was passed in the Massachusetts House of Representatives by a vote of 147–8 on March 13, 2019, and in the state Senate by a vote of 34–0 on March 28, 2019. Governor Charlie Baker (R) signed the legislation into law on April 8, 2019. The law prohibits licensed health care providers from practicing conversion therapy on minors within the state.[70]
17.[71]  Colorado May 31, 2019 August 2, 2019 Legislative statute On February 19, 2019, the Colorado House of Representatives passed HB19-1129,[72] which would ban conversion therapy on minors, with a vote of 42–20. It was approved by the state Senate with amendments by a vote of 21–13 on March 25, 2019. The House concurred with the amendments on April 5, 2019. The bill was signed by Governor Jared Polis (D) on May 31, and took effect 90 days after adjournment of the legislative session.[73][74]
18.[75]  Maine May 29, 2019 September 17, 2019 Legislative statute On May 8, 2019, the Maine House of Representatives passed LD 1025,[76] which would ban conversion therapy on minors, with a vote of 91–46. It later passed in the Maine Senate on May 21, 2019, by a vote of 25–9. Governor Janet Mills (D) signed the legislation into law on May 29, 2019. The law prohibits licensed health care providers from practicing conversion therapy on minors within the state, and took effect 90 days after the adjournment of the legislative session.[77] A bill that previously passed the Maine Legislature in June 2018 was vetoed by former Governor Paul LePage the following month and failed to survive a veto override attempt.[citation needed]
19.[78]  North Carolina August 2, 2019 August 2, 2019 Executive order On August 2, 2019, North Carolina Governor Roy Cooper (D) signed an executive order banning any state funding of conversion therapy on minors.[79][80][81]
20.[82]  Utah January 21, 2020 January 21, 2020 Executive order and legislative statute After a bill to ban conversion therapy on minors failed to pass the Utah Senate, Governor Gary Herbert (R) signed an executive order prohibiting conversion therapy on minors by regulation on January 21, 2020.[83] In February 2023, a bill formally passed both houses of the Utah Legislature to "codify" the ban on conversion therapy on LGBT minors into legislation. The Governor of Utah signed the bill into law - effective immediately, a month later in March 2023.[84][85]
21.[86]  Virginia March 2, 2020 July 1, 2020 Legislative statute On February 3, 2020, the House of Delegates passed HB 386,[87] which would ban conversion therapy on minors, with a vote of 66–27. It was approved by the state Senate on February 17, in a vote of 22–18. Governor Ralph Northam (D) signed the legislation into law on March 2, 2020, and it took effect on July 1, 2020.[citation needed]
22.[88]  Wisconsin June 1, 2021 June 1, 2021 Executive order On June 1, 2021, Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers (D) signed an executive order disallowing state and federal funds to be allocated by the Department of Health Services, the Department of Children and Families, and the Department of Corrections to conversion therapy.[89][90][91] Earlier that year, lawmakers in the Wisconsin Legislature had moved to protect the practice.[92]
23.[93]  Michigan June 14, 2021 June 14, 2021 Executive order and legislative statute On June 14, 2021, Michigan Governor Gretchen Whitmer (D) signed an executive order prohibiting the use of state or federal funds for conversion therapy on minors.[94][95][96] On June 28, 2023, the Michigan legislature sent a bill to ban the use of conversion therapy on minors to Governor Whitmer.[97] Whitmer signed the bill on July 26, 2023.[98]
24.[99]  North Dakota July 8, 2021 July 8, 2021 Regulatory Action The members of the Administrative Rules Committee voted 8-7 on Tuesday, June 8, to authorize the prohibition proposed by the North Dakota Board of Social Work Examiners, which oversees licensing for social workers in the state.[100]
25.[101]  Minnesota July 15, 2021 July 15, 2021 Executive order and legislative statute Following a legislative attempt at a ban being stripped from the budget bill, Governor Tim Walz (D) signed an executive order prohibiting conversion therapy on minors by regulation on July 19, 2021.[102] In April 2023, the Minnesota Legislature formally passed a bill to codify and implement to legally ban conversion therapy practices on minors and vulnerable adults, and it was signed into law on April 27, 2023. The law will go into effect on August 1.[103][104]
26.  Pennsylvania August 16, 2022 August 16, 2022 Executive order On August 16, 2022, Governor Tom Wolf (D) signed an executive order prohibiting the use of state funds for conversion therapy on minors.[105] In May 2024, five licensing boards agreed to resolutions barring the use of conversion therapy.[106]
27.  Arizona June 27, 2023 June 27, 2023 Executive order On June 27, 2023, Governor Katie Hobbs (D) signed an executive order prohibiting the use of state funds for conversion therapy on minors.[107]
28.  Kentucky September 18, 2024 September 18, 2024 Executive order On September 18, 2024, Governor Andy Beshear (D) signed an executive order prohibiting the use of state funds for conversion therapy on minors, and barring medical professionals from practicing conversion therapy on minors.[108]

Territories

[edit]
Territories with bans on conversion therapy on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity or expression
Territory Date of enactment Date effective Legalization method Details
1.[109]  District of Columbia December 22, 2014 March 11, 2015 Legislative statute On December 2, 2014, the Council of the District of Columbia voted unanimously (12 ayes) in favor of B20-0501. On December 22, 2014, Mayor Vincent C. Gray (D) signed the legislation into law. The act passed congressional review and took effect on March 11, 2015.

On January 16, 2019, Mayor Muriel Bowser (D) signed B22-0972, a bill approved unanimously by the City Council extending the ban to adults who are under the care of a conservator or guardian.[110] The law went into effect on March 13, 2019.[111][112]

2.[113]  Puerto Rico March 27, 2019 March 27, 2019 Executive order On March 27, 2019, Governor Ricardo Rosselló (PNP) issued an executive order prohibiting conversion therapy of minors, taking effect immediately.[114] Territorial agencies were provided 90 days for promulgation of the new order.

Counties, municipalities and communities

[edit]
Counties, municipalities and communities with bans on conversion therapy for minors on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity or expression
  Ban suspended under a decision by the 11th Circuit Court of Appeals.[1]
  Vote pending
County, municipality or community Date of enactment Date effective Legalization method Details
1.[115] Cincinnati, Ohio December 9, 2015 January 9, 2016 Ordinance On December 9, 2015, the Cincinnati City Council voted 7–2 in favor of Ordinance 373 and it went into effect on January 9, 2016.[116]
2.[117] Miami Beach, Florida June 8, 2016 June 18, 2016 Ordinance On June 8, 2016, Miami Beach voted to ban conversion therapy. The ban was sponsored by Commissioner John Elizabeth Alemàn and was unanimously approved by the City Commission.[118][119] The ban took effect on June 18.
3.[120] Wilton Manors, Florida September 13, 2016 September 13, 2016 Ordinance On September 13, 2016, the City Commission of Wilton Manors unanimously approved an ordinance banning conversion therapy. The ban took effect that same day.[121]
4.[122] Seattle, Washington August 1, 2016 October 2, 2016 Ordinance On August 1, 2016, the Seattle City Council voted to ban conversion therapy on minors.[123][124] The ban was sponsored by councilmember Lorena González and was unanimously approved by all other eight city councilmembers. Mayor Ed Murray signed the ordinance on August 3 and it took effect on October 2.
5.[125] Miami, Florida October 13, 2016 October 13, 2016 Ordinance On October 13, 2016, the Miami City Commission voted 3–2 in favor of banning the use of conversion therapy on minors.[126][127] The ban was sponsored by Commissioner Francis Suarez and took effect that same day.
6.[128] West Palm Beach, Florida November 7, 2016 November 7, 2016 Ordinance On November 7, 2016, the City Commission of West Palm Beach unanimously approved an ordinance in its second reading banning conversion therapy. The ban took effect upon adoption.[129]
7.[130] Bay Harbor Islands, Florida November 14, 2016 November 14, 2016 Ordinance On November 14, 2016, the Bay Harbor Islands Town Council approved an ordinance banning conversion therapy. The ordinance came into effect that same day.[130]
8.[131] Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania December 13, 2016 December 20, 2016 Ordinance The Pittsburgh City Council voted in favor of an ordinance prohibiting conversion therapy on minors, by a vote of 9–0, on December 13, 2016. The ordinance went into effect on December 20, following Mayor Bill Peduto's signature.[132]
9.[133] Boynton Beach, Florida January 17, 2017 January 17, 2017 Ordinance On January 3, 2017, an ordinance banning conversion therapy in Boynton Beach passed its first reading.[134] The ordinance passed its second reading on January 17 and went into effect immediately.[133]
10.[135] Lake Worth, Florida January 10, 2017 January 20, 2017 Ordinance On December 13, 2016, the Lake Worth City Commission unanimously passed an ordinance banning conversion therapy on minors, in its first reading.[136] The ordinance passed its second reading, in a 5–0 vote, on January 10, 2017, and went into effect on January 20.
11.[137] El Portal, Florida January 24, 2017 January 24, 2017 Ordinance An ordinance banning conversion therapy passed its first reading in the El Portal Village Council in October 2016. The ordinance passed its second reading on January 24 and went into effect that same day.[137]
12.[138] Toledo, Ohio February 7, 2017 February 7, 2017 Ordinance An ordinance banning conversion therapy was unanimously (12–0) approved by the Toledo City Council on February 7, 2017.[139]
13.[140] Key West, Florida March 7, 2017 March 7, 2017 Ordinance On February 8, 2017, the Key West City Commission approved an ordinance banning conversion therapy, in its first reading. The ordinance passed its second reading on March 7 and took effect immediately.
14.[141] North Bay Village, Florida March 14, 2017 March 14, 2017 Ordinance On March 14, 2017, the Commission of North Bay Village voted to ban conversion therapy. The ban took effect immediately upon adoption.[141]
15.[142] Columbus, Ohio March 27, 2017 March 27, 2017 Ordinance On March 13, the City Council of Columbus approved an ordinance, banning the use of conversion therapy on minors, in its first reading. The ordinance was introduced by Council President Zach Klein. It unanimously passed its second reading on March 27 and took effect immediately.[143][144]
16.[145] Tampa, Florida April 6, 2017 April 6, 2017 Ordinance On April 6, the Tampa City Council unanimously approved a conversion therapy ban. The ban went into effect immediately.[146] This ordinance was struck down by a federal court in October 2019.[147]
17.[148] Delray Beach, Florida May 2, 2017 May 2, 2017 Ordinance On April 18, 2017, the Delray Beach City Commission approved an ordinance banning conversion therapy, in its first reading.[149] The ordinance unanimously passed its second reading in the City Commission on May 2.[150] The ban took effect immediately.
18.[151] Riviera Beach, Florida May 4, 2017 May 4, 2017 Ordinance The Riviera Beach City Council unanimously approved a conversion therapy ban on May 4. The ban went into effect that same day.[152]
19.[153] Wellington, Florida June 27, 2017 June 27, 2017 Ordinance On June 27, 2017, the Wellington Village Council approved an ordinance banning conversion therapy, in its second reading. The ban took effect immediately.[154]
20.[155] Dayton, Ohio July 5, 2017 July 5, 2017 Ordinance On June 28, 2017, the Dayton City Council passed an ordinance banning conversion therapy.[156][157] The ordinance passed its second reading on July 5 and went into force immediately.
21.[158] Philadelphia, Pennsylvania July 11, 2017 July 11, 2017 Ordinance On June 22, 2017, the Philadelphia City Council approved an ordinance banning conversion therapy. It was signed by Mayor Jim Kenney on July 11, 2017.[159] The ordinance went into effect immediately.
22.[160] Allentown, Pennsylvania July 20, 2017 July 20, 2017 Ordinance On July 19, 2017, the Allentown City Council approved an ordinance banning conversion therapy.[161][162] It was signed by Mayor Ed Pawlowski the next day.[163] The ordinance went into effect immediately.
23.[164] Greenacres, Florida August 7, 2017 August 7, 2017 Ordinance On August 7, 2017, the Greenacres City Council approved an ordinance banning conversion therapy, in a 4–1 vote.[165] The ordinance took effect immediately.[166]
24.[167] Athens, Ohio August 21, 2017 August 21, 2017 Ordinance On August 21, 2017, the Athens City Council unanimously approved an ordinance banning conversion therapy within city limits.[168] The ordinance went into effect immediately.
25.[169] Pima County, Arizona August 1, 2017 August 31, 2017 Ordinance The Pima County Board of Supervisors passed, in a 3–2 vote, an ordinance banning conversion therapy.[170][171] The ordinance went into effect 30 days later, upon filing with the Arizona Department of State.
26.[172] Boca Raton, Florida October 10, 2017 October 10, 2017 Ordinance The Boca Raton City Council voted 4–1 to enact an ordinance banning conversion therapy on October 10, 2017.[173][174] The ordinance went into effect immediately.
27.[175] Oakland Park, Florida October 18, 2017 October 18, 2017 Ordinance The City Commission of Oakland Park approved a conversion therapy ban on October 18, 2017, in a unanimous 4–0 vote.[176] The ordinance went into force upon adoption.
28.[177] Palm Beach County, Florida December 19, 2017 December 21, 2017 Ordinance On December 19, 2017, the Palm Beach County Board of Commissioners approved, in a 5–2 vote, an ordinance banning conversion therapy. The ordinance applies to all incorporated and unincorporated municipalities in the county. It took effect upon filing with the Florida Department of State on December 21, 2017.[178]
29.[179] Reading, Pennsylvania December 21, 2017 December 21, 2017 Ordinance The Reading City Council approved a conversion therapy ban on December 18, 2017, in a unanimous vote. It was signed by Mayor Wally Scott on December 21, 2017.[180] The ordinance went into force upon adoption.
30.[181] Doylestown, Pennsylvania December 18, 2017 December 23, 2017 Ordinance The Borough Council of Doylestown passed (7–1) a conversion therapy ban on December 18, 2017. It came into effect five days later.[182]
31.[183] Broward County, Florida January 9, 2018 January 9, 2018 Ordinance On January 9, 2018, the Broward County Commission approved unanimously an ordinance banning conversion therapy.[184] The ordinance took effect upon filing with the Florida Department of State, which happened that same day.
32.[185] State College, Pennsylvania February 5, 2018 February 5, 2018 Ordinance On February 5, 2018, the Borough Council of State College approved unanimously an ordinance banning conversion therapy.[186]
33.[187] Erie County, New York February 15, 2018 March 7, 2018 Ordinance The Erie County Legislature unanimously approved a conversion therapy ban on February 15, 2018.[188] The ordinance was controversially named the "Prevention of Emotional Neglect and Childhood Endangerment" (P.E.N.C.E) after Vice President Mike Pence. After County Executive Mark Poloncarz had provided his signature on March 5, the law went into effect upon filing with the New York Department of State on March 7, 2018.[189][190]
34.[191] Yardley, Pennsylvania March 6, 2018 March 11, 2018 Ordinance On March 6, the Yardley Borough Council unanimously approved an anti-discrimination ordinance banning discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity and prohibiting conversion therapy on minors.[192][193] The ordinance went into force five days later.
35.[194] Gainesville, Florida April 5, 2018 April 5, 2018 Ordinance On April 5, 2018, the Gainesville City Commission unanimously approved a conversion therapy ordinance.[195][196] It went into effect immediately.
36.[197] Milwaukee, Wisconsin April 4, 2018 April 14, 2018 Ordinance On March 27, 2018, the Milwaukee Common Council passed (12–2) a conversion therapy ordinance banning the practice in the city of Milwaukee.[198] Mayor Tom Barrett signed the ordinance into law on April 4, and it went into effect 10 days later.[199]
37.[200] New York City, New York January 5, 2018 May 5, 2018 Ordinance In June 2017, a bill to ban conversion therapy was introduced to the New York City Council.[201] The City Council passed (43–2) the ban on November 30. Mayor Bill de Blasio returned the bill unsigned on January 5, thus allowing it to become law. It went into effect 120 days later.[202] The ban applies to minors as well as adults. In September 2019, following a lawsuit by an anti-LGBT hate group, Alliance Defending Freedom,[203] the City Council moved to repeal the ban on conversion therapy for adults, citing how a ruling by the Second Circuit or the conservative Supreme Court could damage efforts against the practice nationwide.[204]
38.[205] Albany, New York May 21, 2018 May 21, 2018 Ordinance On May 21, 2018, an ordinance to ban conversion therapy was unanimously approved by the city's Common Council.[206] The ordinance went into effect immediately.
39.[207] Bellefonte, Pennsylvania July 16, 2018 July 16, 2018 Ordinance On July 16, 2018, an ordinance to ban conversion therapy was approved by the Borough Council.[208] The ordinance went into effect immediately.
40.[209] Bethlehem, Pennsylvania July 17, 2018 July 17, 2018 Ordinance On July 3, 2018, an ordinance to ban conversion therapy was approved unanimously by the City Council,[210] and on July 17, 2018, was approved in a second and final reading.[211] The ordinance was dubbed the Appropriate Mental Health Services Ordinance.[212] It went into effect immediately.[citation needed]
41.[213] Madison, Wisconsin July 10, 2018 July 20, 2018 Ordinance On July 10, 2018, an ordinance to ban conversion therapy was approved by the city's Common Council.[214] The ordinance went into effect on July 20, 2018.
42.[215] Ulster County, New York July 20, 2018 July 27, 2018 Ordinance On June 20, 2018, an ordinance to ban conversion therapy on minors was unanimously approved by the Ulster County Legislature.[216] It was signed by County Executive Michael P. Hein on July 20, 2018, and took effect upon filing with the New York Secretary of State on July 27, 2018.[217][218]
43.[219] Rochester, New York July 25, 2018 August 25, 2018 Ordinance In July 2018, consumer protection legislation was introduced to the City Council to prohibit conversion therapy.[220] On July 24, 2018, an ordinance to ban conversion therapy on minors was unanimously approved by the City Council. It was deemed duly adopted on July 25 and took effect 30 days later.[219]
44.[221] Albany County, New York July 9, 2018 August 31, 2018 Ordinance On July 9, 2018, the Albany County Legislature approved an ordinance to ban conversion therapy by a vote of 37–1.[222] The ordinance was signed and adopted by the County Executive on August 2, 2018, and was filed with the New York Secretary of State on August 31, 2018.[223]
45.[224] Eau Claire, Wisconsin October 9, 2018 October 9, 2018 Ordinance On October 9, 2018, the Eau Claire City Council unanimously passed an ordinance to protect minors from conversion therapy.[225][226]
46.[227] Lakewood, Ohio October 15, 2018 October 15, 2018 Ordinance On October 15, 2018, the Lakewood City Council unanimously approved a measure to ban conversion therapy.[228][229] Fines for violating the law range from $500 to $1,000.
47.[230] Westchester County, New York October 18, 2018 October 26, 2018 Ordinance On October 1, 2018, the Westchester County Board of Legislators unanimously voted to ban the practice of conversion therapy.[231][232] County Executive George Latimer signed the ordinance into law on October 18,[233] and on October 26, 2018, it was filed with the New York Department of State.[230] Those practicing conversion therapy may face a misdemeanor punishable by a $1,000 fine or up to one year imprisonment.[234]
48.[235] Newtown Township, Pennsylvania November 28, 2018 November 28, 2018 Ordinance On November 28, 2018, the Newtown Township (Bucks County) Board of Supervisors voted 4–0 to prohibit conversion therapy in a bill establishing a Human Rights Commission, enacting immediately upon passage.[236][237]
49.[238] Cudahy, Wisconsin January 2, 2019 January 2, 2019 Ordinance On January 2, 2019, the Cudahy Common Council voted to prohibit conversion therapy by a vote of 4–1.[239]
50.[240] Denver, Colorado January 8, 2019 January 8, 2019 Ordinance On January 7, 2019, the Denver City Council unanimously voted to ban the practice of conversion therapy,[241] and the ordinance was signed into law by Mayor Michael Hancock the following day.[240] Violations of the ordinance may be subject to penalties of $150 to $999 per violation.[242] The ban was seen as "largely symbolic", as the city had no known practitioners of conversion therapy.[243]
51.[244] Erie, Pennsylvania June 5, 2019 June 5, 2019 Ordinance On June 5, 2019, the Erie City Council approved a conversion therapy ban.[245]
52.[246] Shorewood, Wisconsin June 17, 2019 June 17, 2019 Ordinance An ordinance banning the practice of conversion therapy was approved by the Shorewood Village Board on June 17, 2019, and went into effect immediately upon passage.[247] The ban does not apply to free services.[248]
53.[249] Huntington Woods, Michigan June 4, 2019 June 24, 2019 Ordinance In a unanimous vote, the Huntington Woods City Commission approved a ban on conversion therapy.[250] The ordinance went into force 20 days later.[249]
54.[251] Alachua County, Florida May 28, 2019 July 9, 2019 Ordinance In a unanimous vote on May 28, 2019, the Alachua County Commission voted to prohibit the practice of conversion therapy on minors within the county. The bill took effect 10 days after filing with the Florida Secretary of State. Violators of the ordinance may be fined $500 per violation.[252][253]
55.[254] Kent, Ohio July 17, 2019 July 17, 2019 Ordinance An ordinance to ban conversion therapy on minors was unanimously passed by the Kent City Council on July 17, 2019, and became effective that same day.[254]
56.[255] Racine, Wisconsin July 16, 2019 July 18, 2019 Ordinance On July 8, 2019, the Racine Common Council's Finance and Personnel Committee unanimously approved a conversion therapy ordinance banning the practice.[256] On July 16, the council passed the ordinance 11–3, and Mayor Cory Mason signed it into law on July 18.[257][258] It allows for fines up to $1000 for each day the ordinance is violated.[256]
57.[259] Sheboygan, Wisconsin August 5, 2019 August 5, 2019 Ordinance On August 5, 2019, the Sheboygan Common Council passed (8–1) a conversion therapy ordinance banning the practice in the city of Sheboygan.[260]
58.[261] Superior, Wisconsin August 20, 2019 August 20, 2019 Ordinance An ordinance banning conversion therapy on minors was passed by the Superior City Council on August 20, 2019, and took effect immedidately upon passage.[262]
59.[263] Glendale, Wisconsin August 26, 2019 August 26, 2019 Ordinance An ordinance banning conversion therapy was approved by the Glendale Common Council on August 26, 2019.[264]
60.[265] Fort Lauderdale, Florida September 17, 2019 September 17, 2019 Ordinance On September 12, 2019, the Fort Lauderdale City Commission passed, in its first reading, an ordinance, which among other things, bans the use of conversion therapy on minors. The ban unanimously passed its second and final reading on September 17 and took effect immediately.[266][267][268]
61.[269] East Lansing, Michigan September 10, 2019 September 18, 2019 Ordinance In a divided 3–2 vote, the East Lansing City Council approved a conversion therapy ban,[270] which took effect 8 days later.[citation needed]
62.[271] Columbia, Missouri October 7, 2019 October 7, 2019 Ordinance The Columbia City Council unanimously approved a conversion therapy ordinance on October 7, 2019.[272][273]
63.[274] Ferndale, Michigan October 14, 2019 October 14, 2019 Ordinance The Ferndale City Council unanimously passed a conversion therapy ban on October 14, 2019, making the practice a misdemeanor and punishable by up to 93 days in jail and a fine of $500.[275]
64.[276] Kansas City, Missouri November 14, 2019 November 14, 2019 Ordinance A conversion therapy ordinance was introduced on October 24, 2019,[citation needed] and was passed unanimously in its final reading on November 14.[277][278]
65.[279] Minneapolis, Minnesota November 22, 2019 November 30, 2019 Ordinance An ordinance banning the use of conversion therapy on minors was unanimously passed by the Minneapolis City Council on November 22, 2019. It was signed by Mayor Jacob Frey on November 26 and was published four days later.[280]
66.[281] St. Louis, Missouri December 23, 2019 December 23, 2019 Ordinance On December 23, 2019, Mayor Lyda Krewson signed an ordinance prohibiting the use of conversion therapy on minors. The ordinance had previously been approved by the Board of Aldermen.[282]
67.[283] Berkley, Michigan December 2, 2019 January 1, 2020 Ordinance The Berkley City Council held a first reading on an ordinance to prohibit conversion therapy in early November. The ordinance passed its final reading on December 2, 2019, and went into effect 30 days later.[284]
68.[285] Duluth, Minnesota December 16, 2019 January 15, 2020 Ordinance An ordinance banning conversion therapy for minors was approved unanimously by the Duluth City Council on December 16, 2019. It went into effect 30 days later on January 15, 2020.[286]
69.[287] Appleton, Wisconsin January 22, 2020 January 22, 2020 Ordinance The Appleton Common Council passed a conversion therapy ban on January 22, 2020, by a 14–1 vote.[288]
70.[289] Allegheny County, Pennsylvania February 11, 2020 February 14, 2020 Ordinance A ban on conversion therapy was approved 13–2 on February 11, 2020.[290][291] Final approval was granted three days later.[289]
71.[292] Covington, Kentucky March 24, 2020 March 24, 2020 Ordinance The Covington City Council passed a conversion therapy ban on March 24, 2020, by a unanimous vote of 5–0.[293]
72.[294] Tallahassee, Florida April 8, 2020 April 8, 2020 Ordinance An ordinance banning conversion therapy for minors was approved unanimously by the Tallahassee City Council on April 8, 2020, and it went into effect immediately.[295][296]
73.[297] Davenport, Iowa April 22, 2020 April 28, 2020 Ordinance An ordinance banning conversion therapy for minors was approved 8–2 on April 22, 2020,[298][299] and went into effect upon publication on April 28.[citation needed] Mayor Mike Matson stated the bill was inspired in part by Davenport's score on the Human Rights Campaign's municpital equality index.[300]
74.[301] Roeland Park, Kansas June 1, 2020 June 1, 2020 Ordinance A ordinance to ban conversion therapy was introduced to the City Council in May 2020. It passed the Council on June 1, by a 7–0 vote, and went into effect that same day after Mayor Mike Kelly had given his signature.[302]
75.[303] Red Wing, Minnesota June 22, 2020 July 6, 2020 Ordinance On June 22, 2020, the Red Wing City Council passed an ordinance to ban conversion therapy, taking effect two weeks later.[304] It went into effect on July 6, 2020.[305]
76.[306] Saint Paul, Minnesota June 17, 2020 July 17, 2020 Ordinance The St. Paul City Council unanimously passed a conversion therapy ban on June 17, 2020, with penalties of up to $1,000.[307] The ordinance went into effect one month later.[305]
77. Madison Heights, Michigan July 27, 2020 Ordinance On July 27, 2020, the Madison Heights City Council voted unanimously make conversion therapy by healthcare providers a criminal offense subject to imprisonment and fines.[308]
78. Royal Oak, Michigan August 10, 2020 August 10, 2020 Ordinance On August 10, 2020, the Royal Oak City Commission passed an ordinance which makes it a criminal misdemeanor – punishable by up to 90 days in jail and a $500 fine – for a mental health professional to engage in conversion therapy with a minor.[309] The ordinance was drafted after a unanimous resolution on June 22, 2020.[310]
79.[311] West St. Paul, Minnesota August 17, 2020 August 17, 2020 Ordinance A conversion therapy ban was passed 5–1 on August 17, 2020, and went into force upon passage.[312]
80.[313] Winona, Minnesota August 17, 2020 September 2020 Ordinance The Winona City Council unanimously (6–0) passed a conversion therapy ban on August 17, 2020.[305] One council member was absent during the vote.[314] The ordinance makes the practice subject an administrative offense subject to a fine,[315] and it went into effect in September 2020.[305]
81.[316] Anchorage, Alaska August 26, 2020 August 26, 2020 Ordinance The Anchorage Assembly passed a conversion therapy ban on August 26, 2020, by a 9–2 vote.[317]
82.[318] West Allis, Wisconsin September 1, 2020 September 1, 2020 Ordinance The West Allis Common Council passed a conversion therapy ban on September 1, 2020, by a 6–3 vote.[319] The ordinance makes conversion therapy on minors illegal and punishable by a $5,000 fine.[319]
83.[320] Middletown Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania September 8, 2020 September 8, 2020 Ordinance On September 8, 2020, the Township of Middletown's Board of Supervisors voted unanimously to establish a Human Relations Commission.[321][320] Under this ordinance, conversion therapy performed on a minor by a mental health professional is unlawful discrimination.[320]
84.[322] Louisville, Kentucky September 17, 2020 October 1, 2020 Ordinance On September 2, 2020, Louisville Councilman Bill Hollander filed an ordinance to ban conversion therapy by licensed professionals and to prevent public funds from being used for the practice.[323] On September 9, the Louisville Metro Council's Community Affairs, Health and Education Committee unanimously voted to recommend the ordinance,[324] and on September 17, the Council passed it by a 24–1 vote.[325] The ordinance went into effect two weeks later after Mayor Greg Fischer signed it into law on October 1.[326]
85.[327] Kenosha, Wisconsin October 5, 2020 October 5, 2020 Ordinance The Kenosha City Council passed an ordinance outlawing conversion therapy on October 5, 2020, by a 14–1 vote.[328] The ordinance makes conversion therapy for compensation – or knowingly assisting or facilitating such a practice – punishable by a fine and 90 days in jail.[328]
86. Robbinsdale, Minnesota February 2, 2021 February 2, 2021 Ordinance On January 5, 2021, the Robbinsdale City Council voted unanimously to pass a first reading of a conversion therapy ban.[329] They passed a second reading of the conversion therapy ban, also unanimously, on February 2, 2021.[330] The ban makes conversion therapy performed by a medical practice a level five violation punishable by a fine.[330]
87. Lincoln, Nebraska February 22, 2021 February 22, 2021 Ordinance The Lincoln City Council passed a conversion therapy ban, introduced by Councilman James Michael Bowers, by a 5–1 vote with one member absent on February 22, 2021.[331] The measure was praised by Mayor Leirion Gaylor Baird.[331] The ban applies only to licensed mental health professionals.[332]
88. Scranton, Pennsylvania April 6, 2021 April 6, 2021 Ordinance On April 6, 2021, the Scranton City Council voted 4–0 (with President Bill Gaughan absent), proactively barring licensed mental health professionals from practicing conversion therapy on minors.[333] The measure was proposed that March by Councilwoman Jessica Rothchild, the council's first openly gay member.[334]
89. Bloomington, Minnesota April 19, 2021 Ordinance On April 19, 2021, the Bloomington City Council voted 6–1 to ban conversion therapy for minors and vulnerable adults.[335] In contrast to other – largely proactive – bans in Minnesota, at the time of the ban, Bloomington had two licensed providers who practiced conversion therapy on minors.[336]
90.[337] Lawrence, Kansas April 20, 2021 May 4, 2021 Ordinance On April 20, 2021, the Lawrence City Commission voted unanimously to ban the practice of conversion therapy by licensed providers.[338] While an explicit exception for religious organizations was removed from the ordinance, the ban implicitly does not apply to unlicensed clergy or pastoral counselors.[339][340] The measure was inspired by a similar ban in Roeland Park.[341]
91.[342] Lexington, Kentucky May 6, 2021 May 6, 2021 Ordinance The Lexington-Fayette Urban County Council passed a conversion therapy ban unanimously on May 6, 2021.[343]
92.[344] Sun Prairie, Wisconsin May 18, 2021 May 21, 2021 Ordinance The Sun Prairie City Council unanimously passed a conversion therapy ban on May 18, 2021.[345][346]
93. Columbia, South Carolina June 15, 2021 June 15, 2021 Ordinance On June 15, 2021, the Columbia City Council passed an ordinance in a 4–3 vote which makes conversion therapy a civil violation for licensed counselors or therapists, punishable by a $500 fine.[347][348] The measure had unanimously passed a first reading on May 4 of that year,[349][350] It was denounced by Republican Senator Josh Kimbrell, who sent a letter to Attorney General Alan Wilson suggesting he take legal action to overturn it.[351][352] On May 12, 2021,[353] Kimbrell introduced a bill in the South Carolina Senate called the Medical Ethics and Diversity Act, which seeks to prevent cities from banning conversion therapy. The measure was met with support from Republicans on the chamber's Committee on Medical Affairs.[354][355]
94.[356] Norman, Oklahoma June 29, 2021 Ordinance On May 11, 2021, the Norman, Oklahoma City Council considered a ban on the use of city funds for conversion therapy on minors,[357][358] but some council members felt the ordinance did not go far enough,[359] and no action was taken.[360] On May 24, the Norman Human Rights Commission unanimously recommended the council ban conversion therapy on minors by medical professionals,[361] and on June 22, an ordinance amended from the original to include this provision – making the practice a misdemeanor[362] punishable by up to $750 or up to 60 days in jail – passed a first reading.[363][364] In a unanimous vote on June 29, the council passed the ordinance.[365][366]
95. North Kansas City, Missouri July 20, 2021 July 20, 2021 Ordinance The North Kansas City Council unanimously passed a conversion therapy ban on July 20, 2021.[367]
96. Charleston, West Virginia August 2, 2021 Ordinance On August 2, 2021, the Charleston City Council passed a bill prohibiting mental health providers from using conversion therapy on minors by a vote of 14–9.[368] Violations are punishable by license revocation and a fine of $1,000.[369] This made Charleston the first city in West Virginia to ban conversion therapy.[368]
97.[370] Ann Arbor, Michigan August 16, 2021 August 16, 2021 Ordinance On August 16, 2021, the Ann Arbor City Council unanimously [371] passed an ordinance prohibiting mental health providers and professional counselors from using conversion therapy on minors. Violations are punishable by no more than $500 per day.[372]
98. Prairie Village, Kansas October 18, 2021 October 26, 2021 Ordinance On September 21, 2021, the Prairie Village city council voted 10–2 to draft an ordinance to ban conversion therapy for minors.[373] On October 5, the council voted 11–1 to progress the draft to a final vote,[374] and on October 18, they voted 11–1 to pass the ordinance, with violations resulting in a fine up to $1000 for licensed practitioners. The ban goes into effect on October 26.[375]
99. Morgantown, West Virginia October 19, 2021 October 19, 2021 Ordinance On October 5, 2021, the Morgantown city council voted 7–0 to move an ordinance banning conversion therapy on minors to a final approval following a first reading. Final approval was given in a 7–0 vote on October 19, 2021.[376]
100. Independence, Missouri November 16, 2021 Ordinance On November 16, 2021, the Independence City Council voted 6–0 to ban conversion therapy on minors following two failed efforts.[377][378]
101. Wheeling, West Virginia May 4, 2022 May 4, 2022 Ordinance On May 4, 2022, Wheeling City Council voted 4–3 to ban conversion therapy on minors.[379]
102. La Crosse, Wisconsin June 9, 2022 June 9, 2022 Ordinance On June 9, 2022, La Crosse City Council voted 6–4 to ban conversion therapy on minors.[380]
103. Linn County, Iowa June 13, 2022 June 13, 2022 Ordinance On June 13, 2022, the Linn County Board of Supervisors voted 2–1 to ban conversion therapy on minors.[381] The ban applies only to unincorporated areas of the county.
104. Cleveland Heights, Ohio June 21, 2022 June 21, 2022 Ordinance On June 21, 2022, the Cleveland Heights City Council voted to ban conversion therapy on minors.[382]
105. Reynoldsburg, Ohio June 27, 2022 Ordinance On June 27, 2022, the Reynoldsburg City Council voted 6–1 to ban conversion therapy on minors.[383]
106. Huntington, West Virginia July 11, 2022 Ordinance On July 11, 2022, the Huntington City Council voted 7–4 to ban conversion therapy on minors.[384]
107. Northfield, Minnesota July 12, 2022 Ordinance On July 12, 2022, the Northfield City Council voted 6–1 to ban conversion therapy on minors.[385]
108. Cleveland, Ohio October 10, 2022 Ordinance On October 10, 2022, the Cleveland City Council voted unanimously to ban conversion therapy on minors.[386]
109. Richfield, Minnesota October 11, 2022 Ordinance On October 11, 2022, the Richfield City Council voted unanimously to ban conversion therapy on minors and vulnerable adults.[387]
110. Akron, Ohio October 24, 2022 October 24, 2022 Ordinance On October 24, 2022, the Akron City Council voted unanimously to ban conversion therapy on minors.[388]
111. Jackson County, Missouri April 19, 2023 Ordinance On April 3, 2023, the Jackson County Legislature voted to ban conversion therapy.[389] A ban had previously failed that March.[390] The ban was signed on April 19, 2023, by Jackson County Executive Frank White Jr.[391]
112. Lorain, Ohio September 3, 2024 Ordinance On September 3, 2024, Lorain City Council voted unanimously to ban conversion therapy.[392]

School boards

[edit]
School boards with prohibitions on conversion therapy on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity or expression
School board Date of enactment Date effective Legalization method Details
1. Eau Claire Area School District Board of Education, Wisconsin September 24, 2018 September 24, 2018 Policy On September 24, 2018, the Eau Claire School Board voted unanimously (7 ayes) in favor of Board Policy 453.7 - Student Mental Health and Wellness Education, which included a clause stating "the Eau Claire Area School District shall exclusively enter into School-based health center agreements with health clinics and/or providers that agree to abide by the District's Nondiscrimination Policy for Students. The District shall not enter into agreements with health clinics and/or providers that endorse or engage in the practice of conversion therapy." The policy went into effect immediately.[393]


Medical, psychological and psychiatric organizations

[edit]

Despite the lack of federal legislation regarding bans on conversion therapy, such therapy has been banned by numerous therapy organizations operating in the U.S.[394][395] It has been banned by the American Psychiatric Association since 1998.[396][397] In 2009, conversion therapy was also rebuked by the American Psychological Association.[398] Others include the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Medical Association, the American College of Physicians, the American Academy of Physician Assistants, and many more. Organizations such as GLAAD and Human Rights Campaign have acknowledged that several other psychiatric and psychological organizations in the United States have rejected the practice of conversion therapy as well.[394][395]

Resolutions and proclamations

[edit]

As of February 2021, fourteen cities/counties have passed non-binding resolutions or proclamations declaring opposition to conversion therapy. These are Edgewater, Colorado;[399] Westminster, Colorado;[400] Wheat Ridge, Colorado;[401] Indianapolis, Indiana;[402] Atlanta, Georgia;[403] Worcester, Massachusetts;[404] Columbia, Missouri;[405] Suffolk County, New York;[406] Harrisburg, Pennsylvania;[407] Appleton, Wisconsin;[408] Eau Claire County, Wisconsin;[409][410] Richmond, Virginia;[411] Rochester, Minnesota;[412][413] and Shorewood, Wisconsin.[414]

Former bans

[edit]

On May 16, 2023, the Waterloo, Iowa City Council voted 6–1 to ban conversion therapy on minors by medical professionals.[415][416] On August 21, 2023, this ordinance was removed.[416]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Saunders, Jim (November 20, 2020). "'Conversion therapy' bans in Florida struck down by federal court". Tampa Bay Times. Archived from the original on June 16, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021. 2022, Petition for rehearing en banc denied, [1]
  2. ^ Flores, Andrew R.; Mallory, Christy; Conron, Kerith J. (2020). "Public attitudes about emergent issues in LGBTQ rights: Conversion therapy and religious refusals". Research & Politics. 7 (4): 205316802096687. doi:10.1177/2053168020966874. S2CID 229001894.
  3. ^ Moore, Peter (June 12, 2014). "Only 8% of Americans think gay conversion therapy works". YouGov. Retrieved April 26, 2023.
  4. ^ A Report on Practitioners of So-Called Conversion “Therapy” in the U.S.
  5. ^ Jamie Ducharme (December 12, 2023). "Exclusive: Conversion Therapy Is Still Happening in Almost Every U.S. State". Time.
  6. ^ CHAPTER 150 - AN ACT concerning the protection of minors from attempts to change sexual orientation and supplementing Title 45 of the Revised Statutes
  7. ^ Cavaliere, Victoria (June 24, 2013). "New Jersey poised to become second state to ban anti-gay therapy". Reuters. Archived from the original on June 11, 2019.
  8. ^ Livio, Susan K. (June 27, 2013). "N.J. Senate sends bill banning gay-to-straight 'conversion therapy' to Christie". NJ.com. Archived from the original on June 19, 2019.
  9. ^ Delli Santi, Angela (August 19, 2013). "Chris Christie Signs Ban On Gay Conversion Therapy". The Huffington Post. Associated Press. Archived from the original on February 13, 2014.
  10. ^ CHAPTER 835 - An act to add Article 15 (commencing with Section 865) to Chapter 1 of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code, relating to healing arts
  11. ^ File, Nicole (May 30, 2012). "California Senate moves to ban gay-to-straight therapy for kids". CNN. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  12. ^ Mishak, Michael J. (June 1, 2012). "California lawmakers advance ban on gay 'conversion' therapy". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  13. ^ Buchanan, Wyatt (September 29, 2012). "State bans gay-repair therapy for minors". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on April 13, 2014. Retrieved October 1, 2012.
  14. ^ Keen, Lisa (December 6, 2012). "Mixed decisions in gay therapy ban suits". Bay Area Reporter. Archived from the original on May 27, 2017.
  15. ^ Thomaston, Scottie (August 29, 2013). "Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals upholds California law banning LGBT conversion therapy". Equality On Trial. Courage Campaign. Archived from the original on March 31, 2015.
  16. ^ Egelko, Bob (May 1, 2017). "State ban on conversion therapy upheld after Supreme Court passes". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  17. ^ House Bill 2307 - Relating to efforts to change an individual's orientation; creating new provisions; amending ORS 675.070, 675.300, 675.336, 675.540 and 675.745; and declaring an emergency.
  18. ^ Kullgren, Ian K. (May 7, 2015). "Bill to ban conversion therapy for LGBT youth sent to Kate Brown's desk". The Oregonian. Archived from the original on August 26, 2019.
  19. ^ HB2307 Archived March 3, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, Oregon Legislature
  20. ^ HB0217 - AN ACT concerning regulation
  21. ^ Hellman, Jessie (May 19, 2015). "Illinois gay conversion therapy ban passes House, moves to Senate". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  22. ^ "Illinois Senate approves ban on gay conversion therapy; bill heads to governor's desk". LGBTQ Nation. May 30, 2015. Archived from the original on July 14, 2015.
  23. ^ "Illinois Republican governor signs two more pro-equality bills". LGBTQ Nation. August 20, 2015. Archived from the original on October 3, 2017. Retrieved February 24, 2016.
  24. ^ No. 138. An act relating to the prohibition of conversion therapy on minors
  25. ^ Santoscoy, Carlos (March 18, 2016). "Bills Seeking To Ban 'Ex-Gay' Therapy To Minors Advance In Colorado, Vermont". On Top Magazine. Archived from the original on April 7, 2017.
  26. ^ Riley, John (March 17, 2016). "Vermont legislature moving towards banning conversion therapy". Metro Weekly. Archived from the original on May 10, 2017.
  27. ^ S.132
  28. ^ O'Toole, Kevin (May 25, 2016). "Gov. Shumlin signs law banning conversion therapy in Vermont". WTEN. Archived from the original on May 8, 2020.
  29. ^ AN ACT RELATING TO PROFESSIONAL SERVICES; ENACTING NEW SECTIONS OF THE UNIFORM LICENSING ACT, THE NURSING PRACTICE ACT, THE MEDICAL PRACTICE ACT, THE PROFESSIONAL PSYCHOLOGIST ACT, THE OSTEOPATHIC MEDICINE ACT, THE COUNSELING AND THERAPY PRACTICE ACT AND THE SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE ACT TO LIST CONVERSION THERAPY AS GROUNDS FOR DISCIPLINARY ACTION.
  30. ^ 2017 Regular Session - SB 121
  31. ^ "Martinez signs bill on conversion therapy; vetoes gun ban for restraining orders, minimum wage". KOB. Associated Press. April 7, 2017. Archived from the original on May 22, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2017.
  32. ^ Public Act No. 17-5
  33. ^ H.B. No. 6695
  34. ^ AN ACT RELATING TO HEALTH AND SAFETY
  35. ^ H 5277 SUBSTITUTE A
  36. ^ "House approves ban on 'conversion therapy' for children" (Press release). State of Rhode Island General Assembly. May 30, 2017. Archived from the original on October 27, 2017.
  37. ^ Arditi, Lynn; Tempera, Jacqueline (May 30, 2017). "R.I. House OKs ban of 'conversion therapy' for LGBTQ youth". Providence Journal. Archived from the original on July 7, 2018.
  38. ^ Borg, Linda (July 19, 2017). "Raimondo signs bill banning conversion therapy". The Providence Journal. Archived from the original on August 25, 2018.
  39. ^ An Act relating to health care professionals; prohibiting certain health care professionals from providing sexual orientation or gender identity conversion therapy to a minor; and providing other matters properly relating thereto
  40. ^ SB201
  41. ^ Stockwell, Kellene (April 4, 2017). "LGBT Bills Pass Nevada State Senate, Assembly". KTVN. Archived from the original on June 25, 2018.
  42. ^ Whaley, Sean (May 9, 2017). "Conversion therapy bill could soon head to Nevada governor". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Archived from the original on July 30, 2017.
  43. ^ Chereb, Sandra (May 17, 2017). "Sandoval's signature makes Nevada 8th state to ban conversion therapy". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Archived from the original on August 29, 2018.
  44. ^ Gonzalez, Yvonne (May 17, 2017). "Governor signs ban on conversion therapy for minors". Las Vegas Sun. Archived from the original on July 31, 2017.
  45. ^ CONVERSION THERAPY--SEXUAL ORIENTATION AND GENDER IDENTITY
  46. ^ SB 5722 - 2017-18
  47. ^ Riley, John (January 19, 2018). "Washington State Senate votes to ban conversion therapy". Metro Weekly. Archived from the original on March 8, 2018.
  48. ^ Bollinger, Alex (March 1, 2018). "Washington set to become next state to ban anti-gay conversion therapy". LGBTQ Nation. Archived from the original on July 13, 2019.
  49. ^ A BILL FOR AN ACT RELATING TO MINORS
  50. ^ SB270
  51. ^ Ring, Trudy (May 25, 2018). "Hawaii Bans 'Ex-Gay' Therapy on Minors". The Advocate. Archived from the original on August 17, 2018.
  52. ^ AN ACT TO AMEND TITLES 24 AND 29 OF THE DELAWARE CODE RELATING TO CONVERSION THERAPY.
  53. ^ Senate Bill 65
  54. ^ "Delaware Becomes 14th State to Protect LGBTQ Youth from Conversion Therapy" (Press release). National Center for Lesbian Rights. July 23, 2018. Archived from the original on September 21, 2018.
  55. ^ Health Occupations - Conversion Therapy for Minors - Prohibition (Youth Mental Health Protection Act)
  56. ^ Wiggins, Ovetta; Chason, Rachel (March 27, 2018). "Maryland Senate gives initial approval to bill that outlaws 'gay conversion therapy'". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on April 5, 2018.
  57. ^ SB1028
  58. ^ Lavers, Michael K. (May 15, 2018). "Hogan signs bill banning conversion therapy for minors in Md". Washington Blade. Archived from the original on July 24, 2018.
  59. ^ Dance, Scott (May 15, 2018). "Maryland becomes 11th state to ban conversion therapy for LGBT youth as Gov. Hogan signs bill". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  60. ^ An Act relative to conversion therapy seeking to change a person's sexual orientation
  61. ^ Moon, Jason (February 8, 2018). "N.H. House Passes Bill Banning Gay Conversion Therapy After Legislative Do-Over". New Hampshire Public Radio. Archived from the original on August 25, 2018.
  62. ^ Riley, John (April 20, 2018). "New Hampshire Senate votes to ban conversion therapy". Metro Weekly. Archived from the original on September 23, 2019.
  63. ^ Docket of HB587
  64. ^ Lavers, Michael K. (June 8, 2018). "N.H. governor signs two pro-LGBT bills". Washington Blade. Archived from the original on August 18, 2018.
  65. ^ A00576
  66. ^ Avery, Dan (January 15, 2019). "New York to become 15th state to ban 'gay conversion therapy'". NBC News. Archived from the original on May 31, 2019.
  67. ^ Gold, Michael (January 21, 2019). "New York Passes a Ban on 'Conversion Therapy' After Years-Long Efforts". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 29, 2019. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  68. ^ "Governor Cuomo Announces Executive Actions Banning Coverage of Conversion Therapy" (Press release). Governor of New York. February 6, 2016. Archived from the original on May 7, 2017.
  69. ^ Bill H.140
  70. ^ Street, Mikelle (April 8, 2019). "Massachusetts Is Now the 16th State to Ban Conversion Therapy". Out. Archived from the original on May 19, 2019.
  71. ^ HOUSE BILL 19-1129
  72. ^ "HB19-1129".
  73. ^ Hernandez, Esteban L. (March 25, 2019). "Colorado Senate approves a bill banning gay conversion therapy". Denverite. Archived from the original on June 16, 2019.
  74. ^ Staver, Anna (May 31, 2019). "Conversion therapy for gay youth banned in Colorado". The Denver Post. Archived from the original on June 29, 2019.
  75. ^ "PUBLIC Law, Chapter 165, An Act To Prohibit the Provision of Conversion Therapy to Minors by Certain Licensed Professionals". Maine Legislature. Retrieved May 31, 2019.
  76. ^ "LD 1025". Maine Legislature. Retrieved May 31, 2019.
  77. ^ Besanvalle, James (May 29, 2019). "Maine becomes 17th US state to ban conversion therapy on minors". Gay Star News. Archived from the original on July 30, 2019.
  78. ^ Cooper, Roy (August 2, 2019). "Protecting Minors from Conversion Therapy" (PDF). Office of the Governor of North Carolina. Executive Order No. 97. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 13, 2021. Retrieved June 23, 2021.
  79. ^ Ehrlich, Jamie (August 2, 2019). "North Carolina bans public funding of 'conversion therapy' for youth". CNN. Archived from the original on August 27, 2020. Retrieved June 23, 2021.
  80. ^ Clibanoff, Matt (August 2, 2019). "Democratic Governor Signs Order Ending State Funding of Youth 'Conversion Therapy'". Law & Crime. Archived from the original on August 4, 2019.
  81. ^ Sonoma, Serena (August 3, 2019). "North Carolina Just Defunded Conversion Therapy on Minors". Out. Archived from the original on December 12, 2019.
  82. ^ "PROHIBITION OF THE PRACTICE OF CONVERSION THERAPY UPON MINORS". Utah Legislature. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
  83. ^ Cole, Devan (January 22, 2020). "Utah bans conversion therapy for LGBTQ children". CNN. Archived from the original on February 26, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  84. ^ "Utah Governor Signs Conversion Therapy Ban into Law".
  85. ^ McKellar, Katie (February 17, 2023). "Utah Legislature codifies ban on conversion therapy while addressing therapists' concerns". Deseret News.
  86. ^ "HB 386 Conversion therapy; prohibited by certain health care providers". Virginia's Legislative Information System.
  87. ^ "HB 386". Virginia's Legislative Information System. Retrieved March 3, 2020.
  88. ^ Evers, Tony (June 1, 2021). "Relating to the Use of Agency-Administered Funds for Services That Are Harmful to Minors" (PDF). Office of the Governor of Wisconsin. Executive Order #122. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 1, 2021. Retrieved June 23, 2021.
  89. ^ Srikanth, Anagha (June 4, 2021). "Wisconsin bans taxpayer money from funding conversion therapy". The Hill. Archived from the original on June 7, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  90. ^ Viviani, Nick (June 1, 2021). "Evers orders state agencies to use gender-neutral language, blocks juvenile conversion therapy funding". WMTV. Archived from the original on June 16, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  91. ^ Vetterkind, Riley (June 4, 2021). "Gov. Tony Evers: Full budget veto 'on the table'". Wisconsin State Journal. Archived from the original on June 4, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  92. ^ Richmond, Todd (March 16, 2021). "Wisconsin Republicans move to protect conversion therapy, which aims to change a person's sexual orientation". Chicago Tribune. Associated Press. Archived from the original on March 21, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  93. ^ Whitmer, Gretchen (June 14, 2021). "Protecting minors from conversion therapy" (PDF). Office of the Governor of Michigan. Executive Directive No. 2021-3. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 14, 2021. Retrieved June 23, 2021.
  94. ^ LeBlanc, Beth (June 14, 2021). "Whitmer bans state, federal funding for conversion therapy on minors". The Detroit News. Archived from the original on June 16, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  95. ^ Barrett, Malachi (June 14, 2021). "Whitmer bans government funds for conversion therapy on minors, calls for practice to be outlawed in Michigan". MLive.com. Archived from the original on June 16, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  96. ^ Assunção, Muri (June 15, 2021). "Michigan gov. prohibits use of public funds for 'harmful practice of conversion therapy' on LGBTQ minors". New York Daily News. Archived from the original on June 16, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  97. ^ Cappelletti, Joey (June 28, 2023). "Michigan Legislature approves ban on 'conversion therapy' for LGBTQ+ minors". Associated Press. Retrieved June 28, 2023.
  98. ^ Cappelletti, Joey (July 26, 2023). "Michigan bans use of conversion therapy on LGBTQ youth under measure signed by governor". Associated Press. Retrieved August 3, 2023.
  99. ^ "Regulatory Action Protecting North Dakotans from "Conversion Therapy"". The Dickson Press. June 9, 2021. Retrieved November 26, 2024.
  100. ^ Sullivan, Becky (June 8, 2021). "North Dakota committee OKs ban on LGBT conversion therapy". The Dickson Press.
  101. ^ "Executive Order 21-25 Protecting Minnesotans from "Conversion Therapy"" (PDF). Minnesota Governor. Retrieved July 19, 2021.
  102. ^ Sullivan, Becky (July 15, 2021). "New Restrictions In Minnesota Seek To Sharply Curtail Conversion Therapy For Minors". NPR. Archived from the original on July 19, 2021. Retrieved July 19, 2021.
  103. ^ Migdon, Brooke (April 27, 2023). "Minnesota governor signs bills protecting reproductive, gender-affirming care, banning conversion therapy". The Hill. Retrieved April 27, 2023.
  104. ^ "Minnesota House passes bill to ban 'conversion therapy' for minors".
  105. ^ "Pennsylvania Protects LGBTQ Residents from Conversion Therapy". Governing. August 17, 2022. Retrieved August 19, 2022.
  106. ^ "Shapiro Administration Announces Five State Boards Have Adopted New Policies Making Clear That Conversion Therapy on LGBTQ+ Minors is Harmful and Unprofessional | Commonwealth of Pennsylvania". www.pa.gov. Retrieved September 18, 2024.
  107. ^ "Arizona governor's executive actions ban conversion therapy, allow trans health care". NBC News. June 28, 2023. Retrieved June 28, 2023.
  108. ^ "Kentucky governor signs executive order banning conversion therapy". NBC News. September 18, 2024.
  109. ^ Conversion Therapy for Minors Prohibition Amendment Act of 2014
  110. ^ Fischer, Jordan (December 6, 2018). "D.C. could be 2nd city in U.S. to ban conversion therapy for some adults". WUSA. Archived from the original on May 3, 2019. Retrieved May 9, 2020.
  111. ^ "Conversion Therapy for Consumers under a Conservatorship or Guardianship Amendment Act of 2018". D.C. Law Library. Archived from the original on September 26, 2021. Retrieved September 1, 2020.
  112. ^ Chibbaro, Lou Jr. (January 24, 2019). "Bowser signs conversion therapy ban for adults with disabilities". Washington Blade. Archived from the original on August 16, 2019.
  113. ^ OE-2019-016[permanent dead link‍]
  114. ^ "Gobernador Rosselló Nevares firma orden ejecutiva que prohíbe terapias de conversión o reparativas" [Rossello Nevares Signs Executive Order Prohibiting Conversion or Reparative Therapies] (Press release) (in Spanish). Governor of Puerto Rico. March 27, 2019. Archived from the original on July 22, 2019.
  115. ^ Chapter 769 - SEXUAL ORIENTATION OR GENDER IDENTITY CHANGE EFFORTS
  116. ^ Coolidge, Sharon (December 9, 2015). "Council votes to ban gay 'conversion' therapy in Cincinnati". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Archived from the original on May 8, 2020.
  117. ^ 2016-4018 Ordinance
  118. ^ Flechas, Joey (June 8, 2016). "Miami Beach says no more conversion therapy for youths under 18". Miami Herald. Archived from the original on April 26, 2017.
  119. ^ Ramos, Lisann (June 10, 2016). "Miami Beach Bans Conversion Therapy For Minors". Health News Florida. WLRN-TV. Archived from the original on November 7, 2017.
  120. ^ "ORDINANCE NO. 2016-009". Archived from the original on November 16, 2016. Retrieved November 16, 2016.
  121. ^ "9/13/2016 Regular City Commission Meeting". Archived from the original on November 16, 2016. Retrieved November 16, 2016.
  122. ^ AN ORDINANCE related to human rights; and adding a new Chapter 14.21 to the Seattle Municipal Code to prohibit the practice of conversion therapy on minors.
  123. ^ Ring, Trudy (August 1, 2016). "Seattle Bans Conversion Therapy for Minors". The Advocate. Archived from the original on June 13, 2018.
  124. ^ DeMay, Daniel (August 1, 2016). "Seattle bans gay conversion 'therapy'". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Archived from the original on May 25, 2017.
  125. ^ Ordinance 13638
  126. ^ Cordero, Devin (October 13, 2016). "City of Miami Commission votes to ban conversion therapy!". SAVE Dade. Archived from the original on March 27, 2017.
  127. ^ Ordinance 13638
  128. ^ "City of West Palm Beach City Commission AGENDA November 7, 2016". Archived from the original on November 16, 2016. Retrieved November 16, 2016.
  129. ^ Cavanaugh, Donald (November 9, 2016). "West Palm Bans Conversion Therapy". South Florida Gay News. Archived from the original on March 27, 2017.
  130. ^ a b "TOWN OF BAY HARBOR ISLANDS November 14, 2016 AGENDA" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 27, 2017. Retrieved November 16, 2016.
  131. ^ Ordinance supplementing the Pittsburgh Code, Title VI Conduct, Article 1 Regulated Rights and Actions, to add a new Section 628 Sexual Orientation or Gender Identity or Expression Conversion Efforts prohibiting the practice of conversion therapy for LGBTQIA+ minors within the City of Pittsburgh.
  132. ^ Taylor, Jeff (December 14, 2016). "Pittsburgh becomes first city in Pennsylvania to ban conversion therapy". LGBTQ Nation. Archived from the original on May 9, 2017.
  133. ^ a b City Commission Agenda Tuesday, January 17, 2017
  134. ^ McDonald, John (January 5, 2017). "Boynton Beach Bans Conversion Therapy On Minors". South Florida Gay News. Archived from the original on October 18, 2017.
  135. ^ ARTICLE VII. - PROHIBITION OF CONVERSION THERAPY ON MINORS Page 337: ORDINANCE NO. 2017-02 OF THE CITY OF LAKE WORTH, FLORIDA, AMENDING CHAPTER 15, OFFENSES, TO ADD ARTICLE VII, PROHIBITING THE PRACTICE OF CONVERSION THERAPY ON MINORS; PROVIDING FOR SEVERABILITY, THE REPEAL OF LAWS IN CONFLICT, CODIFICATION, AND AN EFFECTIVE DATE
  136. ^ Berardi, Tucker (December 21, 2016). "A Unanimous Vote Bans Conversion Therapy in Lake Worth". South Florida Gay News. Archived from the original on January 6, 2018.
  137. ^ a b Regular Village Council Meeting January 24, 2017 Archived February 2, 2017, at the Wayback Machine Page 7: AN ORDINANCE OF THE VILLAGE OF EL PORTAL, FLORIDA, TO CREATE A NEW CHAPTER IN THE VILLAGE OF EL PORTAL CODE OF ORDINANCES TO PROHIBIT WITHIN THE GEOGRAPHIC BOUNDARIES OF THE VILLAGE OF EL PORTAL THE USE OF SEXUAL ORIENTATION OR GENDER IDENTITY CHANGE EFFORTS WITH MINORS, INCLUDING REPARATIVE AND CONVERSION THERAPY
  138. ^ Repealing Toledo Municipal Code Chapter 554 "Employment, Real Estate Discrimination", enacting a new Chapter 554, "Discrimination Prohibited" to include gender identity as a protected class and set forth additional prohibitions.
  139. ^ Messina, Ignazio (February 7, 2017). "Toledo City Council approves conversion therapy ban". Toledo Blade. Archived from the original on January 2, 2018.
  140. ^ An Ordinance of the City of Key West, Florida amending Chapter 42 of the Code of Ordinances, entitled "Miscellaneous Offenses," by creating Section 42-18, entitled "Sexual Orientation or Gender Identity Change Efforts," to prohibit licensed professionals from engaging in counseling efforts, practices, or treatments with the goal to change a minor's sexual orientation or gender identity; Providing for severability; Providing for repeal of inconsistent provisions; Providing for an effective date.
  141. ^ a b "Ordinance No. 2017-004" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on August 25, 2018. Retrieved August 24, 2018.
  142. ^ To enact new section 2331.10 of the Columbus City Codes prohibiting the practice of conversion therapy or reparative therapy on minors and prescribing penalties for violations of that section.
  143. ^ "Columbus Passes Ban on Using Conversion Therapy for Minors". U.S. News & World Report. Associated Press. March 28, 2017. Archived from the original on November 18, 2017.
  144. ^ Matthews, Meghan (March 27, 2017). "Columbus City Council votes to ban conversion therapy". WBNS-TV. Archived from the original on June 25, 2017. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  145. ^ AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF TAMPA, FLORIDA, RELATING TO CONVERSION THERAPY ON PATIENTS WHO ARE MINORS, MAKING REVISIONS TO CITY OF TAMPA CODE OF ORDINANCES, CHAPTER 14 (OFFENSES); CREATING ARTICLE X, SECTIONS 14-310 – 14-313; AMENDING CHAPTER 19 (PROPERTY MAINTENANCE AND STRUCTURAL STANDARDS); AMENDING SECTION 19.4.(a)(2), DEPARTMENT OF CODE ENFORCEMENT; DUTIES AND SCOPE OF AUTHORITY OF THE DIRECTOR; REPEALING ALL ORDINANCES OR PARTS OF ORDINANCES IN CONFLICT THEREWITH; PROVIDING FOR SEVERABILITY; PROVIDING AN EFFECTIVE DATE.[permanent dead link‍]
  146. ^ Bradshaw, Kate (April 7, 2017). "As Tampa unanimously passes anti-gay conversion "therapy" ban, St. Pete lays groundwork for its own". Creative Loafing Tampa. SouthComm Communications. Archived from the original on January 3, 2018.
  147. ^ "Tampa's ban on conversion therapy struck down by federal judge". Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved November 2, 2020.
  148. ^ Ordinance 17-409
  149. ^ "Delray one step closer to ban on gay conversion therapy on minors". The Palm Beach Post. April 19, 2017. Archived from the original on May 8, 2020.
  150. ^ Berardi, Tucker (May 3, 2017). "Delray Beach Joins Growing Number of Cities To Ban Conversion Therapy". South Florida Gay News. Archived from the original on November 17, 2018.
  151. ^ AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF RIVIERA BEACH, PALM BEACH COUNTY, FLORIDA, PROHIBITING THE PRACTICE OF CONVERSION THERAPY ON PATIENTS WHO ARE MINORS; PROVIDING FOR CODIFICATION PURSUANT TO §1-8 OF THE CITY'S CODE OF ORDINANCES; PROVIDING FOR CONFLICT, SEVERABILITY, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES; AND PROVIDING FOR AN EFFECTIVE DATE
  152. ^ Wetzel, Kaitryn (May 3, 2017). "Conversion therapy for LGBTQ youth banned in Riviera Beach". WPEC. Archived from the original on April 14, 2018.
  153. ^ ORDINANCE NO. 2017-10 (PROHIBITING CONVERSION THERAPY ON MINORS)
  154. ^ Gaba, Paul (June 30, 2017). "Wellington Village Council Finalizes Conversion Therapy Ban". The Town-Crier. Archived from the original on January 31, 2018.
  155. ^ Sec. 135.04. - Conversion therapy prohibited.
  156. ^ Frolik, Cory (June 30, 2017). "Dayton looks to ban gay-conversion therapy for youth". WHIO-TV. Archived from the original on November 13, 2017.
  157. ^ AN ORDINANCE Enacting Sections 135.03 through 135.05 of the Revised Code of General Ordinances Regarding Conversion Therapy Page 51
  158. ^ Bill No. 161111
  159. ^ Suh, Haley (June 20, 2017). "Philadelphia just passed a bill to ban conversion therapy for minors". The Daily Pennsylvanian. Archived from the original on May 8, 2020.
  160. ^ Ordinance 15-1668
  161. ^ Colletta, Jen (July 20, 2017). "Allentown adopts conversion-therapy ban". Philadelphia Gay News. Archived from the original on July 28, 2017.
  162. ^ "Conversion therapy banned in Allentown". WFMZ-TV. July 20, 2017. Archived from the original on May 8, 2020.
  163. ^ Cassi, Sarah (July 20, 2017). "It's official: Allentown bans gay and trans conversion therapy for minors". The Express-Times. Archived from the original on May 8, 2020.
  164. ^ Ordinance 2017-15 Conversion Therapy
  165. ^ Berardi, Tucker (July 20, 2017). "Greenacres Moves to Join List of Florida Cities to Ban Conversion Therapy". South Florida Gay News. Archived from the original on February 6, 2018.
  166. ^ City Council Meeting Monday, August 7, 2017
  167. ^ Chapter 3.12. - Sexual Orientation or Efforts to Change Gender Identity
  168. ^ Tebben, Susan (August 23, 2017). "Conversion Therapy Banned in Athens". WOUB-TV. Archived from the original on May 8, 2020.
  169. ^ "An ordinance of the Board of Supervisors, relating to the public health, safety, and welfare, restricting the practice of sexual orientation change efforts, commonly known as "conversion therapy."". Pima County, Arizona. Retrieved August 1, 2017.
  170. ^ Smith, Craig (August 1, 2017). "Pima County passes conversion therapy ban". KGUN-TV. Archived from the original on January 26, 2019. Retrieved August 1, 2017.
  171. ^ "File ID 7772". Pima County, Arizona. Retrieved August 1, 2017.
  172. ^ Ordinance Number 5407
  173. ^ Parsley, Jason (October 11, 2017). "Boca Allies Run City Hall: Conversion therapy for minors banned". South Florida Gay News. Archived from the original on October 14, 2017. Retrieved October 14, 2017.
  174. ^ Santoscoy, Carlos (October 13, 2017). "Boca Raton Bans 'Ex-Gay' Therapy To Youth". On Top Magazine. Archived from the original on October 14, 2017. Retrieved October 14, 2017.
  175. ^ ORDINANCE NO. O-2017-XXX
  176. ^ McDonald, John (October 19, 2017). "Oakland Park Bans Conversion Therapy". South Florida Gay News. Archived from the original on October 27, 2018.
  177. ^ Ordinance No. 2017-046
  178. ^ Washington, Wayne (December 19, 2017). "Palm Beach County is first county in Florida to ban conversion therapy". The Palm Beach Post. Archived from the original on April 12, 2019.
  179. ^ "Bill No. 118-2017 - amending the City Code by creating a new Chapter 185 Conversion Therapy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on December 26, 2017. Retrieved December 25, 2017.
  180. ^ Rodriguez, Jeremy (December 21, 2017). "Reading bans conversion therapy". Philadelphia Gay News. Archived from the original on June 29, 2018.
  181. ^ AN ORDINANCE AMENDING CHAPTER 1, PART 3, ARTICLE G OF THE CODE OF ORDINANCES OF THE BOROUGH OF DOYLESTOWN TO PROHIBIT CONVERSION THERAPY AS A FORM OF DISCRIMINATION
  182. ^ Ullery, Chris (December 19, 2017). "Doylestown council passes conversion therapy ban". The Intelligencer. Archived from the original on August 28, 2019.
  183. ^ Ordinance No. 2018-03
  184. ^ "Broward County bans gay conversion therapy on minors". WPLG. January 9, 2018. Archived from the original on May 8, 2020.
  185. ^ "State College Borough Council Agenda Including Conversion Therapy Ordinance". Archived from the original on February 10, 2018. Retrieved February 9, 2018.
  186. ^ Rafacz, Sarah (February 5, 2018). "State College Bans LGBTQ Conversion Therapy for Minors". Centre Daily Times. Archived from the original on June 30, 2018.
  187. ^ Erie County Conversion Therapy Ban
  188. ^ Desmond, Mike (February 16, 2018). "Erie County Legislature passes ban on conversion therapy for minors". WBFO. Archived from the original on August 25, 2018.
  189. ^ POLONCARZ SIGNS LOCAL LAW BANNING CONVERSION THERAPY
  190. ^ ERIE_2018_1 ERIE COUNTY CONVERSION THERAPY BAN
  191. ^ ORDINANCE NO. 474
  192. ^ YARDLEY BOROUGH COUNCIL MEETING March 6, 2018
  193. ^ Werner, Jeff (March 9, 2018). "Yardley Borough Council unanimously adopts anti-discrimination ordinance; law extends protections to LGBT community". Bucks Local News. Archived from the original on November 16, 2018.
  194. ^ ORDINANCE NO. 160200
  195. ^ "Gainesville Bans Conversion Therapy For Minors". WUFT. March 16, 2018. Archived from the original on June 19, 2019.
  196. ^ Giles, Jessica (April 9, 2018). "Gainesville officials ban conversion therapy for minors". The Independent Florida Alligator. Archived from the original on June 14, 2018.
  197. ^ Ordinance 171760: A substitute ordinance prohibiting the practice of conversion therapy.
  198. ^ Bayatpour, A. J.; Associated Press (March 27, 2018). "Milwaukee Common Council approves ban on gay conversion therapy". WITI. Archived from the original on June 1, 2018. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  199. ^ "Milwaukee officials OK ban on gay conversion therapy". Eau Claire Leader-Telegram. Associated Press. July 14, 2018. Archived from the original on July 14, 2018.
  200. ^ A Local Law to amend the administrative code of the city of New York, in relation to prohibiting conversion therapy
  201. ^ "City Council To Weigh Ban On Gay Conversion Therapy For Minors And Adults". WCBS-TV. June 19, 2017. Archived from the original on August 30, 2017.
  202. ^ Durkin, Erin (November 30, 2017). "Conversion therapy meant to turn gay people straight to be banned in NYC under Council bill". Daily News. New York. Archived from the original on January 27, 2019.
  203. ^ Lopez, Oscar. "New York City moves to avert legal battle over gay conversion therapy". Reuters. Thomson Reuters Foundation. Retrieved December 22, 2024.
  204. ^ Mays, Jeffery C. (September 12, 2019). "New York City Is Ending a Ban on Gay Conversion Therapy. Here's Why". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 18, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  205. ^ Chapter 152: Conversion Therapy
  206. ^ Fries, Amanda (May 22, 2018). "Albany bans 'conversion therapy' practice in city". Times Union. Archived from the original on August 13, 2018.
  207. ^ ORDINANCE NO. 071618- 01
  208. ^ Thomasson, Kelsey (July 17, 2018). "Bellefonte bans LGBTQ conversion therapy for minors". Centre Daily Times. Archived from the original on July 19, 2018.
  209. ^ AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF BETHLEHEM, COUNTIES OF LEHIGH AND NORTHAMPTON, COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA, ESTABLISHING ARTICLE 1122 OF THE CODIFIED ORDINANCES OF THE CITY OF BETHLEHEM, TITLED "APPROPRIATE MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES", PROVIDING FOR THE PROHIBITION OF CONVERSION THERAPY FOR MINORS
  210. ^ Althouse, Stephen (July 4, 2018). "Bethlehem City Council votes to ban conversion therapy for minors". WFMZ-TV. Archived from the original on October 12, 2019. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  211. ^ Riley, John (July 18, 2018). "Bethlehem City Council approves ban on conversion therapy". Metro Weekly. Archived from the original on May 9, 2020.
  212. ^ Radzievich, Nicole (July 3, 2018). "Bethlehem council backs ban on conversion therapy". The Morning Call. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  213. ^ Prohibiting the practice of conversion therapy
  214. ^ Peek, Jenny (July 11, 2018). "Madison Becomes Second City In Wisconsin To Ban Conversion Therapy". Wisconsin Public Radio. Archived from the original on May 31, 2019.
  215. ^ "Local Law No. 11 Of 2018" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on July 21, 2018. Retrieved July 20, 2018.
  216. ^ Doxsey, Patricia R. (June 20, 2018). "Ulster County Legislature votes unanimously to ban use of conversion therapy on minors". Daily Freeman. Archived from the original on May 9, 2020.
  217. ^ Doxsey, Patricia R. (July 20, 2018). "Hein signs Ulster County conversion therapy ban, calls practice 'disgraceful pseudoscience'". Daily Freeman. Archived from the original on May 30, 2019.
  218. ^ ULSTER_2018_3
  219. ^ a b "July 24, 2018 Certified Ordinances". City of Rochester. pp. 6–9. Retrieved August 24, 2018.
  220. ^ "City aims to ban conversion therapy in Rochester". WHAM-TV. July 13, 2018. Archived from the original on September 25, 2018. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  221. ^ Local Law No. "E" for 2018
  222. ^ Fries, Amanda (July 11, 2018). "Albany County bans 'so-called' conversion therapy on minors". Times Union. Archived from the original on June 21, 2019.
  223. ^ ALBANY_2018_3
  224. ^ EAU CLAIRE CITY COUNCIL AGENDA TUESDAY, OCTOBER 9, 2018, Ordinance creating Chapter 8.08, entitled "Conversion Therapy Prohibited", of the Code of Ordinances of the City of Eau Claire
  225. ^ Kremer, Rich (October 12, 2018). "Eau Claire Becomes Third Wisconsin City To Ban Conversion Therapy". Archived from the original on April 5, 2019.
  226. ^ "Eau Claire City Council September 25 Legislative Packet" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on September 26, 2018.
  227. ^ ORDINANCE NO. 41-18
  228. ^ Shaw, Courtney (October 15, 2018). "Lakewood City Council passes measure to protect LGBTQ youth from conversion therapy". WEWS-TV. Archived from the original on November 14, 2019.
  229. ^ Benson, John (September 19, 2018). "Lakewood City Council considering ordinance banning conversion therapy". Cleveland.com. Archived from the original on June 30, 2019.
  230. ^ a b WESTCHESTER_2018_7
  231. ^ Local Law 11022
  232. ^ "Board Votes to Ban Conversion Therapy for Minors" (Press release). Westchester County Board of Legislators. October 2, 2018. Archived from the original on October 4, 2018.
  233. ^ Schliep, Theresa (October 18, 2018). "Westchester County Bans Conversion Therapy". WFUV. Archived from the original on May 9, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  234. ^ Lungariello, Mark (October 1, 2018). "Westchester lawmakers to vote on gay conversion therapy ban". The Journal News. Archived from the original on October 18, 2018. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  235. ^ Ordinance 2018-0-8
  236. ^ Newtown Township Board of Supervisors Meeting Minutes November 28, 2018
  237. ^ Friestad, Thomas (November 29, 2018). "Newtown Township passes anti-discrimination ordinance, sets LGBT protections". Bucks County Courier Times. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  238. ^ |pages=21-23 Ordinance No. 2477
  239. ^ Hanley, Erik S. (January 7, 2019). "Cudahy 4th city in Wisconsin to ban conversion therapy". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Archived from the original on March 25, 2019.
  240. ^ a b A bill for an ordinance adopting a new Article IX of Chapter 28 of the Revised Municipal Code concerning "Prohibition of Conversion Therapy."7
  241. ^ Nicholson, Kieran (January 7, 2019). "Denver City Council unanimously votes to ban gay conversion therapy on minors". The Denver Post. Archived from the original on March 18, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  242. ^ COUNCIL BILL NO. CB18-1508
  243. ^ Rodriguez, Jacob (December 17, 2018). "Denver moves to ban gay conversion therapy, a largely symbolic move". KUSA. Archived from the original on May 9, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  244. ^ "Article 745 Conversion Therapy, Ordinance 34-2019". ecode360.com.
  245. ^ "Erie City Council Passes Ban on Conversion Therapy". Erie News Now. WICU-TV. June 5, 2019. Archived from the original on June 9, 2019.
  246. ^ Ordinance No. 3001
  247. ^ Cole, Kenneth (June 27, 2019). "Sending a Message of Hope: Shorewood Becomes Latest Municipality to Ban Conversion Therapy". Milwaukee Independent. Archived from the original on August 30, 2019.
  248. ^ Rumage, Jeff (July 1, 2019). "Shorewood officials have banned conversion therapy, which attempts to change sexual orientation of LGBTQ youth". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Archived from the original on July 2, 2019. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  249. ^ a b "Ordinance No. 617". library.municode.com.
  250. ^ Neavling, Steve (June 6, 2019). "Huntington Woods bans widely discredited gay 'conversion therapy'". Metro Times. Archived from the original on June 8, 2019.
  251. ^ "Ordinance No. 2019-16". library.municode.com.
  252. ^ Le, Tien (May 30, 2019). "Alachua County Commission bans conversion therapy". The Independent Florida Alligator. Archived from the original on May 30, 2019.
  253. ^ Jones, David (May 28, 2019). "Alachua County Commission votes to ban conversion therapy". WCJB-TV. Archived from the original on May 30, 2019.
  254. ^ a b "Ordinance No. 2019-77". The City of Kent, Ohio. July 17, 2019. Archived from the original on May 9, 2020.
  255. ^ Ordinance 0813-19
  256. ^ a b Rogan, Adam (July 8, 2019). "Conversion therapy ban ordinance moves to City Council". Racine Journal Times. Archived from the original on December 6, 2019. Retrieved June 23, 2021.
  257. ^ Lieffring, Christina (July 18, 2019). "Conversion therapy banned in the City of Racine". Racine Journal Times. Archived from the original on December 7, 2019.
  258. ^ Torres, Ricardo (July 18, 2019). "Historical Occasion". Racine Journal Times. Archived from the original on May 9, 2020.
  259. ^ Ordinance 5-19-20
  260. ^ Dombrowski, Diana (August 6, 2019). "Sheboygan bans conversion therapy on minors during packed Common Council meeting Monday". Sheboygan Press. Archived from the original on August 6, 2019.
  261. ^ Ordinance #O19-4163
  262. ^ Johnson, Brooks (August 23, 2019). "Superior, Wis., passes gay 'conversion therapy' ban". Star Tribune. Archived from the original on December 2, 2019.
  263. ^ "An Ordinance Creating Title 7, Chapter 22 of the Glendale Code of Ordinances Pertaining to Gender Identity or Sexual Orientation Identity Change Efforts". City of Glendale. August 26, 2019. p. 47. Archived from the original on May 9, 2020.
  264. ^ Johnson, Cavalier (August 27, 2019). "City of Glendale takes action to ban conversion therapy" (PDF). Retrieved May 9, 2020.
  265. ^ "Ordinance No. C-19-30". City of Fort Lauderdale.
  266. ^ Parsley, Jason (September 18, 2019). "Fort Lauderdale Enacts Human Rights Ordinance; Bans Conversion Therapy". South Florida Gay News. Archived from the original on November 11, 2019. Retrieved May 9, 2020.
  267. ^ Fort Lauderdale passes anti-discrimination law protecting LGBTQ residents. WPLG. September 18, 2019 – via YouTube.
  268. ^ Glassman, Steve [@glassman4ftl] (September 17, 2019). "So proud of Fort Lauderdale as we unanimously passed a comprehensive LGBTQ rights ordinance this evening! This ordinance speaks to our values as a welcoming, diverse, and inclusive community. Again, thank you to Equality Florida for all you do" (Tweet). Archived from the original on September 18, 2019. Retrieved May 9, 2020 – via Twitter.
  269. ^ "Ordinance No. 1467". cityofeastlansing.com.
  270. ^ Monroe, Maddie (September 11, 2019). "Conversion therapy banned by East Lansing City Council". The State News. Archived from the original on November 16, 2019.
  271. ^ "Ordinance B295-16" (PDF). gocolumbianmo. October 7, 2019.
  272. ^ Kono, Hiroaki (October 7, 2019). "Council votes to ban conversion therapy for minors in Columbia". Columbia Missourian. Archived from the original on May 9, 2020.
  273. ^ Roth, Clare (October 8, 2019). "Council votes to ban conversion therapy for minors". Columbia Daily Tribune. Archived from the original on June 25, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  274. ^ "City Council meeting, October 14, 2019". ferndalemi.granicus.com.
  275. ^ Neavling, Steve (October 15, 2019). "Ferndale becomes third city in Michigan to ban gay conversion therapy". Metro Times. Archived from the original on December 27, 2019.
  276. ^ "Ordinance 190902". cityclerk.kcmo.org. Archived from the original on March 3, 2020. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
  277. ^ "Kansas City bans gay conversion therapy". KOAM-TV. Associated Press. November 15, 2019. Archived from the original on January 1, 2020.
  278. ^ Kite, Allison (November 14, 2019). "Kansas City bans conversion therapy for LGBTQ minors, the 2nd Missouri city to do so". The Kansas City Star. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  279. ^ "Conversion therapy ordinance (2019-01179)". lims.minneapolismn.gov.
  280. ^ Shockman, Elizabeth (November 22, 2019). "Minneapolis bans conversion therapy for minors". Minnesota Public Radio. Archived from the original on November 23, 2019.
  281. ^ "Board Bill Number 152FS" (PDF). stlouis-mo.gov.
  282. ^ Olmos, Dori (December 23, 2019). "Conversion therapy on minors now banned in St. Louis". KSDK. Archived from the original on May 9, 2020.
  283. ^ "ORDINANCE NO. O-16-19" (PDF). cms6.revize.com.
  284. ^ "Berkley to become 3rd Oakland County city to ban 'conversion therapy'". C&G News. December 3, 2019.
  285. ^ "AN ORDINANCE AMENDING CHAPTER 34 OF THE DULUTH CITY CODE BY ADDING SECTION 34-43 PROHIBITING CONVERSION THERAPY". duluth-mn.legistar.com.
  286. ^ Galioto, Katie (December 17, 2019). "Duluth City Council approves conversion therapy ban". Star Tribune. Archived from the original on March 30, 2020.
  287. ^ "Youth Mental Health". cityofappleton.
  288. ^ "City of Appleton bans conversion therapy for minors". WLUK-TV. January 22, 2020.
  289. ^ a b "Ordinance 11395-20". Allegheny County.
  290. ^ Murray, Ashley (February 11, 2020). "Allegheny County Council bans conversion therapy". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Archived from the original on April 12, 2020. Retrieved May 9, 2020.
  291. ^ Riley, John (February 13, 2020). "Allegheny County Council unexpectedly bans conversion therapy". Metro Weekly. Archived from the original on February 24, 2020.
  292. ^ "Ordinance O-07-20". covingtonky.gov. Archived from the original on October 17, 2020. Retrieved April 12, 2020.
  293. ^ Crutchfield, Ambriehl (March 27, 2020). "Covington Bans Conversion Therapy For LGBTQ+ Minors". WVXU. Archived from the original on March 28, 2020.
  294. ^ "ORDINANCE NO. 20-O-14AA" (PDF).
  295. ^ "City of Tallahassee passes conversion therapy ban". WTXL-TV. April 8, 2020. Archived from the original on April 23, 2020. Retrieved May 9, 2020.
  296. ^ Etters, Karl (April 10, 2020). "Tallahassee passes conversion therapy ban". Tallahassee Democrat. Archived from the original on April 23, 2020. Retrieved May 9, 2020.
  297. ^ Ambrose, Graham (April 22, 2020). "Davenport bans conversion therapy of minors". Quad-City Times. Archived from the original on June 15, 2021. Retrieved April 23, 2020.
  298. ^ Wooddell, Brody (April 23, 2020). "Davenport becomes the first Iowa city to ban gay conversion therapy". WQAD-TV. Archived from the original on April 28, 2020. Retrieved May 9, 2020.
  299. ^ Ambrose, Graham (April 22, 2020). "Davenport bans conversion therapy of minors". Quad-City Times. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  300. ^ Ambrose, Graham (April 4, 2020). "'It's just crazy': Davenport seeks to ban discredited 'conversion therapy' of LGBTQ youth". Quad-City Times. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  301. ^ "Ordinance 996 A Policy Prohibiting Conversion Therapy". June 1, 2020. Archived from the original on September 30, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.
  302. ^ Garcia, Juliana (June 2, 2020). "Roeland Park becomes first city in Kansas with conversion therapy ban". Shawnee Mission Post. Archived from the original on September 6, 2020.
  303. ^ "Ordinance No. 152". City of Red Wing.
  304. ^ Fuller, Zach (June 24, 2020). "Red Wing bans conversion therapy, Rochester asks state to do the same". KTTC. Archived from the original on July 18, 2020. Retrieved July 18, 2020.
  305. ^ a b c d Keller, Blaise (August 19, 2020). "Winona Bans Conversion Therapy for Minors, Echos Calls for Statewide Ban". KAAL. Archived from the original on February 6, 2021.
  306. ^ "Ordinance 20-15". stpaul.legistar.
  307. ^ Nelson, Emma (June 17, 2020). "St. Paul joins other cities banning conversion therapy for minors". Star Tribune.
  308. ^ Kozlowski, Andy (August 7, 2020). "Madison Heights bans conversion therapy for minors". Madison-Park News. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  309. ^ McConnell, Mike (August 12, 2020). "Royal Oak latest city to ban gay conversion therapy". Royal Oak Tribune. Archived from the original on September 19, 2020. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  310. ^ Wojcik, Sarah (July 6, 2020). "Royal Oak directs staff to draft ordinance banning 'conversion therapy'". Royal Oak Review. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  311. ^ "An Ordinance Enacting Section 33.04 of the West St. Paul City Code Regarding the Prohibition of Conversion Therapy for Minors". wspmn.gov.
  312. ^ Hendricks, Kevin D. (August 18, 2020). "City Council Recap: August 17, 2020". West St. Paul Reader.
  313. ^ "Ban on Conversion Therapy ordinance - v7".
  314. ^ DeLaRosa, Josh (August 18, 2020). "inona City Council moves to ban conversion therapy citywide". Winona Daily News. Archived from the original on August 22, 2020. Retrieved June 20, 2021.
  315. ^ Rogers, Chris (August 19, 2020). "Winona passes conversion 'therapy' ban". Winona Post. Archived from the original on December 3, 2020. Retrieved June 20, 2021.
  316. ^ "Ordinance 2020-65" (PDF).
  317. ^ George, Kavitha (August 27, 2020). "Anchorage Assembly passes ban on conversion therapy". Alaska Public Media.
  318. ^ "O-2020-0028". westalliswi.legistar.com.
  319. ^ a b Morales, Eddie (September 3, 2020). "West Allis has become the eleventh municipality in Wisconsin to ban conversion therapy for minors". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Archived from the original on February 25, 2021.
  320. ^ a b c "Article V: Human Relations Commission". Township of Middletown. September 8, 2020. Archived from the original on June 17, 2021. Retrieved June 16, 2021 – via eCode360.
  321. ^ Sofield, Tom (September 9, 2020). "Middletown Creates Human Relations Commission". Levittown Now. Archived from the original on December 19, 2020. Retrieved June 16, 2021.
  322. ^ "O-413-20". louisville.legistar.com.
  323. ^ Austin, Emma (September 1, 2020). "New ordinance could make Louisville Kentucky's 2nd city to ban LGBTQ conversion therapy". The Courier-Journal. Archived from the original on June 20, 2021. Retrieved June 20, 2021.
  324. ^ Tobin, Ben (September 9, 2020). "Louisville ban on 'conversion therapy' passed unanimously by Metro Council committee". The Courier-Journal. Archived from the original on June 20, 2021. Retrieved June 20, 2021.
  325. ^ Ladd, Sarah (September 17, 2020). "Louisville Metro Council votes to ban 'conversion therapy' in the city". The Courier-Journal. Archived from the original on June 15, 2021. Retrieved September 19, 2020.
  326. ^ "Mayor makes it official: Conversion therapy banned in Louisville". WLKY. October 1, 2020. Archived from the original on October 28, 2020. Retrieved October 2, 2020.
  327. ^ "The City of Kenosha Code of General Ordinances" (PDF). City of Kenosha. Retrieved October 13, 2020.
  328. ^ a b Flores, Terry (October 6, 2020). "City Council votes to ban conversion therapy for youth in Kenosha". Kenosha News. Archived from the original on February 17, 2021. Retrieved October 8, 2020.
  329. ^ Rooker, Alaina (January 13, 2021). "Robbinsdale to penalize providers that engage in conversion therapy". Sun Post. Archived from the original on January 26, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  330. ^ a b Rooker, Alaina (February 7, 2021). "Second reading of conversion therapy ban ordinance passes in Robbinsdale". Sun Post. Archived from the original on February 10, 2021. Retrieved March 5, 2021.
  331. ^ a b Johnson, Riley (February 22, 2021). "Lincoln passes first ban in Nebraska to prevent conversion therapy on youth". Lincoln Journal Star. Archived from the original on March 10, 2021.
  332. ^ Johnson, Riley (February 8, 2021). "Opponents worry conversion therapy ban would unconstitutionally restrict speech in Lincoln". Lincoln Journal Star. Archived from the original on February 9, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  333. ^ Lockwood, Jim (April 6, 2021). "Scranton bans conversion therapy on LGBTQ youths". The Scranton Times-Tribune. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  334. ^ Horvath, Jeff (March 29, 2021). "Scranton ordinance would ban controversial conversion therapy for LGBTQ minors". The Scranton Times-Tribune. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  335. ^ Hyatt, Kim (April 20, 2021). "Bloomington passes conversion therapy ban". Star Tribune. Archived from the original on April 21, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  336. ^ Hyatt, Kim (March 3, 2021). "Bloomington may ban conversion therapy for minors, vulnerable adults". Star Tribune. Archived from the original on March 10, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  337. ^ "Ordinance No. 9828". City of Lawrence, Kansas. May 4, 2021. Archived from the original on July 4, 2021. Retrieved June 23, 2021. Alt URL
  338. ^ Valverde, Rochelle (April 20, 2021). "Lawrence City Commission approves ordinance banning conversion therapy for LGBTQ minors". Lawrence Journal-World. Archived from the original on April 28, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  339. ^ Valverde, Rochelle (April 6, 2021). "City leaders defer vote on proposed ban of conversion therapy for LGBTQ minors; religious counseling topic of debate". Lawrence Journal-World. Archived from the original on April 21, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  340. ^ Valverde, Rochelle (April 19, 2021). "Following debate about religious counseling, Lawrence City Commission to again consider banning conversion therapy for LGBTQ minors". Lawrence Journal-World. Archived from the original on May 2, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  341. ^ Velverde, Rochelle (April 2, 2021). "City could ban conversion therapy for LGBTQ minors". Lawrence Journal-World. Archived from the original on April 3, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  342. ^ "Ordinance No. 32-2021". City of Lexington. May 13, 2021. Archived from the original on June 24, 2021. Retrieved June 23, 2021.
  343. ^ "Lexington becomes third Kentucky city to ban 'conversion therapy' for LGBTQ youths". WLEX-TV. May 7, 2021. Archived from the original on May 26, 2021. Retrieved May 10, 2021.
  344. ^ "An Ordinance Creating Section 9.08.110 – Prohibiting the Practice of Conversion Therapy". City of Sun Prairie, Wisconsin. May 21, 2021. Ordinance No. 856. Archived from the original on June 24, 2021. Retrieved June 23, 2021.
  345. ^ Culver, Peter (May 21, 2021). "Sun Prairie city council bans gay conversion therapy". WISC-TV. Archived from the original on May 22, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  346. ^ Rickert, Chris (May 22, 2021). "Sun Prairie becomes latest Wisconsin city to ban 'conversion therapy'". Wisconsin State Journal. Archived from the original on May 22, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  347. ^ Fastenau, Stephen (June 15, 2021). "Columbia bans conversion therapy, asks state lawmakers to do the same". The Post and Courier. Archived from the original on June 16, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  348. ^ Trainor, Chris (June 15, 2021). "Columbia passes ban on conversion therapy for LGBTQ minors in narrow vote". The State. Archived from the original on June 16, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  349. ^ Trainor, Chris (May 4, 2021). "Columbia Council looks to prohibit conversion therapy for LGBTQ youth". The State. Archived from the original on May 7, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  350. ^ Fastenau, Stephen (May 4, 2021). "Columbia could become first SC city to ban controversial conversion therapy". The Post and Courier. Archived from the original on May 13, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  351. ^ Sanchez, Kelsey (May 19, 2021). "SC State Senator takes aim at Columbia's conversion therapy ban, LGBTQ community reacts". WACH. Archived from the original on May 20, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  352. ^ Fastenau, Stephen (May 14, 2021). "State senator asks AG Alan Wilson to intervene, block Columbia conversion therapy ban". The Post and Courier. Archived from the original on May 18, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  353. ^ "S. 811". South Carolina General Assembly. May 12, 2021. Archived from the original on June 22, 2021. Retrieved June 22, 2021.
  354. ^ Benson, Adam (June 21, 2021). "Some SC lawmakers want to shut down local efforts to ban LGBTQ conversion therapy". The Post and Courier. Archived from the original on June 22, 2021. Retrieved June 21, 2021.
  355. ^ Raven, Jason (June 21, 2021). "SC lawmakers considering bill that would prevent cities from banning 'conversion therapy' for minors". WSPA. Archived from the original on June 22, 2021. Retrieved June 22, 2021.
  356. ^ "Ordinance No. 0-2021-45". City of Norman, Oklahoma. June 29, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2021 – via Municode.
  357. ^ Wood, Mindy Ragan (May 11, 2021). "Conversion therapy ban, scooters on council agenda". The Norman Transcript. Archived from the original on June 23, 2021. Retrieved June 23, 2021.
  358. ^ "Norman City Council discusses ordinance against conversion therapy" (video). KOCO-TV. May 11, 2021. Retrieved June 23, 2021 – via YouTube.
  359. ^ Holden, Ashley (June 22, 2021). "Norman City Council To Consider Banning Conversion Therapy For Minors". KWTV-DT. Archived from the original on June 23, 2021. Retrieved June 23, 2021.
  360. ^ Wood, Mindy Ragan (May 12, 2021). "New councilors sworn in, scooters on the way". The Norman Transcript. Archived from the original on June 23, 2021. Retrieved June 23, 2021.
  361. ^ Reese, Gorman (May 24, 2021). "Commission to recommend conversion therapy ban to council". The Norman Transcript. Archived from the original on June 23, 2021. Retrieved June 23, 2021.
  362. ^ Ragan Wood, Mindy (July 3, 2021). "How the city will enforce, uphold conversion therapy ban". The Norman Transcript. Archived from the original on July 4, 2021. Retrieved July 4, 2021.
  363. ^ Wood, Mindy Ragan (June 22, 2021). "Updated: Council adopts development, closes alley". The Norman Transcript. Archived from the original on June 23, 2021. Retrieved June 23, 2021.
  364. ^ Califano, Caleb (June 23, 2021). "Norman City Council Passes 1st Reading Of Ordinance Which Bans Conversion Therapy On Minors". KOTV-DT. Archived from the original on June 23, 2021. Retrieved June 23, 2021.
  365. ^ Griffin, Brooke (June 30, 2021). "Norman City Council Votes To Ban Conversion Therapy". KOTV-DT. Retrieved June 30, 2021.
  366. ^ Taylor, Jillian (June 30, 2021). "'We will protect our people': Norman City Council prohibits practice of conversion therapy on minors, adds definition". The Oklahoma Daily. Retrieved June 30, 2021.
  367. ^ "AN ORDINANCE AMENDING TITLE 5, "BUSINESS LICENSES AND REGULATIONS," OF THE CODE OF THE CITY OF NORTH KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI, BY ADDING A NEW CHAPTER 5.56, "CONVERSION THERAPY PROHIBITED," TO PROHIBIT THE PRACTICE OF CONVERSION THERAPY ON MINORS". Archived from the original on July 21, 2021. Retrieved July 21, 2021.
  368. ^ a b Kersey, Lori (August 2, 2021). "Charleston council passes conversion therapy ban". Charleston Gazette-Mail.
  369. ^ Park, Katie (August 2, 2021). "Charleston becomes first West Virginia city to ban conversion therapy". WVNS-TV. Archived from the original on August 8, 2021. Retrieved August 7, 2021.
  370. ^ a b "Ann Arbor Approval Notice of Ordinance ORD-21-25". a2gov.legistar.com. Retrieved August 18, 2021.
  371. ^ Stanton, Ryan (August 17, 2021). "Mayor calls gay conversion therapy 'an abomination' as Ann Arbor OKs ban". MLive. Retrieved August 18, 2021.
  372. ^ Stanton, Ryan. "'It's wrong and harmful.' Ann Arbor to ban gay conversion therapy for minors". MLive. Archived from the original on August 6, 2021. Retrieved August 7, 2021.
  373. ^ Holzfaster, Sydnie (September 21, 2021). "Prairie Village to consider ban on conversion therapy". WDAF-TV. Archived from the original on September 24, 2021. Retrieved October 10, 2021.
  374. ^ Holzfaster, Sydnie (October 5, 2021). "Prairie Village reviews potential ban on conversion therapy". WDAF-TV. Archived from the original on October 6, 2021. Retrieved October 10, 2021.
  375. ^ Koch, Makenzie; Holzfaster, Sydnie (October 18, 2021). "Prairie Village votes to ban conversion therapy on minors". WDAF-TV. Archived from the original on October 19, 2021. Retrieved October 18, 2021.
  376. ^ Adous, Jasmin (October 20, 2021). "Conversion therapy officially banned in Morgantown". WDTV. Archived from the original on October 21, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2021.
  377. ^ Genet, Mike (November 16, 2021). "Independence City Council approves conversion therapy ban". The Examiner. Archived from the original on November 18, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2021.
  378. ^ Bergan, Shain (November 16, 2021). "After 2 failed efforts, Independence bans gay conversion therapy on third try". KCTV. Archived from the original on November 18, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2021.
  379. ^ "Wheeling becomes 3rd West Virginia city to ban conversion therapy". WTRF. May 3, 2022. Retrieved May 16, 2022.
  380. ^ "La Crosse Common Council narrowly approves ban of conversion therapy on minors". WKBT. June 10, 2022. Retrieved June 10, 2022.
  381. ^ Now, Iowa's News (June 13, 2022). "Linn County Supervisors say, "yes," to ban on conversion therapy". KGAN. Retrieved June 14, 2022.
  382. ^ Cleveland, Freshwater (June 28, 2022). "As statewide efforts to outlaw conversion therapy stall, local Ohio municipalities opt to ban it themselves". The Buckeye Flame. Archived from the original on December 9, 2022. Retrieved February 10, 2023.
  383. ^ Rees, David (June 28, 2022). "Reynoldsburg bans conversion therapy for LGBTQ+ youth". NBC4i. Archived from the original on February 11, 2023. Retrieved February 10, 2023.
  384. ^ HORSLEY, McKENNA (July 12, 2022). "Huntington City Council bans conversion therapy for minors". The Herald-Dispatch. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
  385. ^ "City Council on 2022-07-12 6:00 PM". northfield.granicus.com. Retrieved July 14, 2022.
  386. ^ Allard, Sam. "Cleveland Joins Cincinnati in Banning LGBTQ+ 'Conversion Therapy' on Minors". Cincinnati CityBeat. Retrieved October 12, 2022.
  387. ^ Tribune, Katelyn Vue Star (October 12, 2022). "Richfield approves conversion therapy ban for minors and vulnerable adults". Star Tribune. Retrieved October 12, 2022.
  388. ^ Migdon, Brooke (October 25, 2022). "Ohio city bans conversion therapy for minors". The Hill. Retrieved October 25, 2022.
  389. ^ Palmer, Tod (April 3, 2023). "Jackson County Legislature passes conversion-therapy ban on 2nd try". KSHB-TV. Retrieved April 5, 2023.
  390. ^ Calacal, Celisa (March 20, 2023). "Ban on anti-gay 'conversion therapy' fails in Jackson County Legislature by 1 vote". KCUR-FM. Retrieved August 3, 2023.
  391. ^ Peltier, Kelli (April 19, 2023). "Jackson County leaders celebrate as White signs ban on conversion therapy". WDAF-TV. Retrieved August 3, 2023.
  392. ^ "12th Ohio city votes to ban anti-LGBTQ+ conversion therapy". Fox.
  393. ^ "BoardDocs® Agenda Item: 4.8 Adopt New Policy 453.7 - Student Mental Health and Wellness Education". www.boarddocs.com. Retrieved September 25, 2018.
  394. ^ a b "What is conversion therapy?". GLAAD. Retrieved July 5, 2020.
  395. ^ a b "The Lies and Dangers of Efforts to Change Sexual Orientation or Gender Identity". Human Rights Campaign. Retrieved July 5, 2020.
  396. ^ "American Psychiatric Association Rebukes Reparative Therapy". EurekAlert!. Denver. December 14, 1998. Archived from the original on October 22, 2020. Retrieved June 16, 2020.
  397. ^ Connors, Erin (November 15, 2018). "APA Reiterates Strong Opposition to Conversion Therapy" (Press release). Washington: American Psychiatric Association.
  398. ^ Mills, Kim I. (October 15, 2015). "APA Applauds SAMHSA Report Calling For End To 'Conversion Therapy' For Youth". American Psychological Association (Press release). Washington.
  399. ^ "Edgewater Colorado Meeting Agenda" (PDF). November 2, 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 27, 2018.
  400. ^ Brammer, John Paul (September 30, 2017). "Colorado Town Officially Declares Opposition to Conversion Therapy". NBC News. Archived from the original on August 28, 2019.
  401. ^ "Indianapolis council passes resolution to ban conversion therapy". February 4, 2021.
  402. ^ AGENDA, CITY COUNCIL MEETING, CITY OF WHEAT RIDGE, COLORADO, 7500 WEST 29TH AVENUE, MUNICIPAL BUILDING
  403. ^ "Atlanta City Council Opposes Conversion Therapy, Urges State to Ban Practice". Atlanta Daily World. April 23, 2019. Archived from the original on April 25, 2019.
  404. ^ Kotsopoulos, Nick (September 6, 2017). "Worcester council backs ban on sexual-orientation conversion therapy". Telegram & Gazette. Archived from the original on May 9, 2020.
  405. ^ McManus, Camille (February 19, 2019). "Council votes to support ban on conversion therapy". Columbia Missourian. Archived from the original on July 4, 2019.
  406. ^ RESOLUTION NO. 666 -2016, ESTABLISHING A PUBLIC INFORMATION CAMPAIGN ON THE DANGERS OF CONVERSION THERAPY
  407. ^ Kinney, Brendan (December 18, 2018). "Harrisburg officially condemns conversion therapy for minors". WHP-TV. Archived from the original on May 28, 2019.
  408. ^ "Appleton Common Council approves ban on conversion therapy". WBAY-TV. January 23, 2020. Archived from the original on January 25, 2020.
  409. ^ Resolution File No. 18-19/057 (pages 23-26)
  410. ^ Schwieters, Brooke (August 15, 2018). "Human Services Board supports regulation, prohibiting conversion therapy". Archived from the original on August 27, 2018.
  411. ^ Robinson, Mark (September 9, 2019). "Richmond City Council condemns 'conversion therapy' for LGBTQ people". Richmond Times-Dispatch. Archived from the original on September 25, 2019. Retrieved June 16, 2021.
  412. ^ Petersen, Randy (September 21, 2020). "Rochester City Council opposes conversion therapy". Post-Bulletin. Archived from the original on December 4, 2020. Retrieved June 20, 2021.
  413. ^ Keller, Blaise (September 22, 2020). "Rochester Added To Growing List Denouncing Conversion Therapy, Calls for Statewide Ban". KAAL. Archived from the original on September 25, 2020. Retrieved June 20, 2021.
  414. ^ Rumage, Jeff (May 8, 2018). "Shorewood might ban gay conversion therapy, following the lead of dozens of other cities". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Archived from the original on January 7, 2019.
  415. ^ "Waterloo bans conversion therapy on LGBTQ youth". Iowa Starting Line. May 16, 2023. Retrieved June 4, 2023.
  416. ^ a b Barton, Tom (September 1, 2023). "Davenport keeps 'conversion therapy' ban; Waterloo voted to remove restrictions". The Quad-City Times.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_U.S._jurisdictions_banning_conversion_therapy&oldid=1264979180"