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Jan Korringa

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Jan Korringa
Jan Korringa in 1975
Born31 March 1915 (1915-03-31)
Heemstede, Netherlands
Died9 October 2015(2015-10-09) (aged 100)
Laguna Beach, California, U.S
OccupationTheoretical physicist
Known forKKR method

Jan Korringa (31 March 1915 – 9 October 2015) was a Dutch American theoretical physicist, specializing in theoretical condensed matter physics. He also contributed to the KKR Method.

Education and career

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Korringa received his undergraduate degree from the Delft University of Technology. [1] In 1937, Korringa went to Leiden University, Netherlands, to pursue graduate studies. After the closure of Leiden University, Korringa returned to Delft University of Technology. In 1942, he gave a Doctor of Philosophy from Delft University of Technology and published his thesis, Onderzoekingen op het gebied algebraïsche optiek (Essays in the area of science optics).[2] In 1946, Korringa became an associate professor at the University of Leiden. He was a protégé of Hendrik Kramers, who had been the first protégé of Niels Bohr, and who was a large influence on his interest in quantum mechanics.

In 1952, Korringa went to the United States and accepted a full professorship at Ohio State University. He was a consultant at Oak Ridge National Laboratory for many years. During the summers, he collaborated with a group at Chevron Corporation that developed nuclear magnetic resonance logging. In 1962, he was awarded a Guggenheim Foundation fellowship that he used for a sabbatical at the University of Besançon in France.[3]

In a 1947 paper,[4] Korringa showed how multiple scattering theory (MST) could be used to find the energy as a function of wavevector for electrons in a periodic solid. In 1954, Walter Kohn (a Nobel laureate) and Norman Rostoker (a nuclear physicist),[5] derived the same equations using the Kohn variational method. Two of Korringa's students, Sam Faulkner[6] and Harold Davis, started a program at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory using the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker (KKR) band-theory equations to calculate the properties of solids.[7]

Korringa realized that his equations could be used to calculate the electronic states of non-periodic solids for which Bloch’s theorem does not hold. In 1958 he published an approach, now called the average t-matrix approximation, for calculating the electronic states in random substitutional alloys.[8] That work continued to evolve and was later connected to the higher-level theory called the Coherent Potential Approximation (CPA). Balázs Győrffy and Malcolm Stocks[9] combined it with the KKR theory to obtain the KKR–CPA method, which is presently used for alloy calculations.[10] Korringa’s MST is the basis for numerous theoretical developments, including the locally self-consistent multiple scattering theory developed by Malcolm Stocks and Yang Wang that can be used to obtain the electronic and magnetic states of any ordered or disordered solid.[11]

In 1950, Korringa showed that the spin relaxation rate divided by the square of the magnetic resonance field shift (the Knight shift) obtained from an NMR experiment is equal to a constant, κ, times the temperature T.[12] The magnitude of the Korringa constant κ and its possible deviation from a constant value is the signature of the effects of strong correlations in the electron gas.

References

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  1. ^ "Jan Korringa". pubs.aip.org. Retrieved 2023-08-11.
  2. ^ Jan Korringa at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
  3. ^ "John Simon Guggenheim Foundation | Jan Korringa". gf.org. Retrieved 2016-04-03.
  4. ^ J. Korringa (1947). "On the calculation of the energy of a Bloch wave in a metal". Physica. XIII (6–7): 392–400. Bibcode:1947Phy....13..392K. doi:10.1016/0031-8914(47)90013-x.
  5. ^ "LA Times Obituary | UCI clean energy pioneer Norman Rostoker, 89, dies". nr.org. 8 January 2015. Retrieved 2016-05-26.
  6. ^ "Florida Atlantic University | Emeritus Professor of Physics, J. Sam Faulkner". sf.org. Retrieved 2016-05-28.
  7. ^ J. S. Faulkner; Harold L. Davis; H. W. Joy (1967). "Calculation of Constant-Energy Surfaces for Copper by the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker Method". Physical Review. 161 (3): 656–664. Bibcode:1967PhRv..161..656F. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.161.656.
  8. ^ J. Korringa (1958). "Dispersion theory for electrons in a random lattice with applications to the electronic structure of alloys". Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. 7 (2–3): 252–258. Bibcode:1958JPCS....7..252K. doi:10.1016/0022-3697(58)90270-1.
  9. ^ "Oak Ridge National Laboratory | Corporate Fellow, G. Malcolm Stocks". gms.org. Archived from the original on 2015-07-30. Retrieved 2016-05-28.
  10. ^ G. M. Stocks; W. M. Temmerman; B. L. Gyorffy (1978). "Complete Solution of the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker Coherent-Potential-Approximation Equations: Cu-Ni Alloys". Physical Review Letters. 41 (5): 339–343. Bibcode:1978PhRvL..41..339S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.41.339.
  11. ^ Yang Wang; G. M. Stocks; W. A. Shelton; D. M. C. Nicholson; Z. Szotek; W. M. Temmerman (1995). "Order-N Multiple Scattering Approach to Electronic Structure Calculations". Physical Review Letters. 75 (15): 2867–2870. Bibcode:1995PhRvL..75.2867W. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.2867. PMID 10059425.
  12. ^ J. Korringa (1950). "Nuclear magnetic relaxation and resonance line shift in metals". Physica. 16 (7): 601–610. Bibcode:1950Phy....16..601K. doi:10.1016/0031-8914(50)90105-4.
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