Jump to content

1544

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from AD 1544)
Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
April 11: The Battle of Ceresole is fought in Italy
1544 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1544
MDXLIV
Ab urbe condita2297
Armenian calendar993
ԹՎ ՋՂԳ
Assyrian calendar6294
Balinese saka calendar1465–1466
Bengali calendar951
Berber calendar2494
English Regnal year35 Hen. 8 – 36 Hen. 8
Buddhist calendar2088
Burmese calendar906
Byzantine calendar7052–7053
Chinese calendar癸卯年 (Water Rabbit)
4241 or 4034
    — to —
甲辰年 (Wood Dragon)
4242 or 4035
Coptic calendar1260–1261
Discordian calendar2710
Ethiopian calendar1536–1537
Hebrew calendar5304–5305
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1600–1601
 - Shaka Samvat1465–1466
 - Kali Yuga4644–4645
Holocene calendar11544
Igbo calendar544–545
Iranian calendar922–923
Islamic calendar950–951
Japanese calendarTenbun 13
(天文13年)
Javanese calendar1462–1463
Julian calendar1544
MDXLIV
Korean calendar3877
Minguo calendar368 before ROC
民前368年
Nanakshahi calendar76
Thai solar calendar2086–2087
Tibetan calendar阴水兔年
(female Water-Rabbit)
1670 or 1289 or 517
    — to —
阳木龙年
(male Wood-Dragon)
1671 or 1290 or 518

1544 (MDXLIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar, the 1544th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 544th year of the 2nd millennium, the 44th year of the 16th century, and the 5th year of the 1540s decade. As of the start of 1544, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which was the dominant calendar of the time.

Events

[edit]

January–March

[edit]

April–June

[edit]

July–September

[edit]

October–December

[edit]

Date unknown

[edit]


Births

[edit]
Dorothea Susanne of Simmern
Anna of Saxony

Deaths

[edit]
Johannes Magnus

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Majumdar, R.C. (ed.) (2006). The Mughal Empire, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, pp. 81-82
  2. ^ Skrifter utgivna av Institutet för rättshistorisk forskning: Rättshistoriska studier. Serien II (in Swedish). Nordiska bokhandeln. 1951. p. 23. ISBN 978-91-85190-28-7. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  3. ^ Medelius, Hans (1993). Himla många kungar: historier kring Den Svenska Historien (in Swedish). Nordiska museet. p. 75. ISBN 978-91-7108-338-8. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  4. ^ Grepstad, Jon (20 October 2015). "Pinhole Photography – History, Images, Cameras, Formulas". Archived from the original on 17 September 2016. Retrieved 1 September 2016.
  5. ^ Archiv Für Reformationsgeschichte (in German). Verlagshaus Gerd Mohn. 1964. p. 180. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  6. ^ Melloni, Alberto (23 October 2017). Martin Luther: Ein Christ zwischen Reformen und Moderne (1517–2017) (in German). Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 379. ISBN 978-3-11-049874-5. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  7. ^ The One Hundred and Five Martyrs of Tyburn, Burns & Oates, Ltd., London, 1917
  8. ^ Desmond Seward (1974). Prince of the Renaissance: The Life of François I. Cardinal. p. 236. ISBN 978-0-351-18234-1.
  9. ^ Phillips, Gervase (October 1999). "Strategy and Its Limitations: The Anglo-Scots Wars, 1480-1550". War in History. 6 (4): 396–416. doi:10.1177/096834459900600402. ISSN 0968-3445. S2CID 159799137. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  10. ^ Christensen, Thorkild Lyby (1969). "Scoto-Danish Relations in the Sixteenth Century: The Historiography and Some Questions". The Scottish Historical Review. 48 (145): 80–97. ISSN 0036-9241. JSTOR 25528790.
  11. ^ a b Potter, D. L. (1 January 2011). "Chapter Four. 'Fighting Over The Bear's Skin': The Invasion Of France (1544)". Henry VIII and Francis I. Brill. pp. 172–173. ISBN 978-90-04-20432-4. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  12. ^ a b Rozet, Albin; Lembey, J. F. (1910). L'invasion de la France et le siège de Saint-Dizier par Charles-Quint en 1544 d'après les dépeches italiennes de Francesco d'Este, de Hieronymo Feruffino, de Camillo Capilupo et de Bernardo Navager. Paris Plon-Nourrit. pp. 326–327. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
  13. ^ "Blar na Léine (BTL29)". portal.historicenvironment.scot. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
  14. ^ Anderson, George; Anderson, Peter (1834). Guide to the Highlands and Islands of Scotland, Including Orkney and Zetland: Descriptive of Their Scenery, Statistics, Antiquities, and Natural History : with Numerous Historical Notices. John Murray. p. 260. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
  15. ^ Mémoires de la Société académique de l'arrondissement de Boulogne-sur-Mer (in French). Société académique de l'arrondissement de Boulogne-sur-Mer. 1886. pp. 371, 503. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
  16. ^ a b "Henry VIII: August 1544, 16-20". www.british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  17. ^ a b Toppen, Max (1844). Die Gründung der Universität zu Königsberg und das Leben ihres ersten Rectors Georg Sabinus (in German). Königsberg: University of Königsberg Publishing. pp. 108–110. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
  18. ^ Mémoires de la Société académique de l'arrondissement de Boulogne-sur-Mer (in French). Société académique de l'arrondissement de Boulogne-sur-Mer. 1886. pp. 371, 503. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
  19. ^ Charles Loch Mowat (1968). The New Cambridge Modern History: Reformation, 1520-1559. University Press. p. 392. ISBN 978-0-521-34536-1.
  20. ^ Barría González, Juan (1994). "Juan Bautista Pastene: Primer almirande del mar chileno" (PDF). Revista de Marina.
  21. ^ Aguirre Cortes, Luis Enrique (2010). "Los Lafkenche y el "Descubrimiento" de Valdivia". De nuevas historias a nuevas ruralidades: El uso de las fuentes orales para el conocimiento de la localidad de Niebla - Valdivia (PDF) (BA). Austral University of Chile. pp. 52–53. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
  22. ^ "Henry VIII: October 1544, 7-10". www.british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
  23. ^ Casale, Giancarlo (2010-02-25). The Ottoman Age of Exploration. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199798797.
  24. ^ Annals of King Injongsukheumhyo, ko:Annals of the Joseon Dynasty (National History Compilation Committee)
  25. ^ Roberts, J. (1994). History of the World. Penguin. ISBN 9780140154955.
  26. ^ Journal of the North-China Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society for the Year 1913. Shanghai: Kelley & Walsh. 1913. p. 92. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
  27. ^ ENGELHARD, DIETRICH VON (2011). "LUCA GHINI (1490-1556) IL PADRE FONDATORE DELLA BOTANICA MODERNA NEL CONTESTO DEI RAPPORTI SCIENTIFICI EUROPEI DEL SEDICESIMO SECOLO" (PDF). Ann. Mus. Civ. Rovereto. 27: 227–246. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
  28. ^ "Storia". Orto e Museo Botanico (in Italian). Retrieved 23 September 2023.
  29. ^ Donaldson, Henry Herbert (1915). The Rat: Reference Tables and Data for the Albino Rat (Mus Norvegicus Albinus) and the Norway Rat (Mus Norvegicus). Wistar Institute Press. p. 12. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
  30. ^ Shen, Virginia (2021). Voyages to Ilha Formosa: A Multicultural Perspective (PDF). National Technology and Social Science Virtual Conference. p. 163.
  31. ^ Chow, P. (28 April 2008). The "One China" Dilemma. Springer. p. 38. ISBN 978-0-230-61193-1. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
  32. ^ Hans Joachim Hillerbrand (1996). The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Reformation. Oxford University Press. p. 133. ISBN 978-0-19-510363-2.
  33. ^ Dietsche warande en Belfort (in Dutch). Den Gulden Engel. 1913. p. 25. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  34. ^ "Gillis van Coninxloo (II)". rkd.nl. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  35. ^ The Catholic Encyclopedia. Catholic Encyclopedia Incorporated. 1913. p. 86. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  36. ^ Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1985). Torquato Tasso. Angel Books. p. 6. ISBN 978-0-946162-19-2.
  37. ^ Stephen, Leslie; Lee, Sir Sidney (1908). The Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. p. 286. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  38. ^ Haeutle, Christian (1870). Genealogie des Erlauchten Stammhauses Wittelsbach: von dessen Wiedereinsetzung in das Herzogthum Bayern (11. Sept. 1180) bis herab auf unsere Tage (in German). Manz. p. 54. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  39. ^ Smith, Michael (1997). "William Gilbert (1544–1603): Physician and Founder of Electricity". Journal of Medical Biography. 5 (3): 137–145. doi:10.1177/096777209700500303. PMID 11619454. S2CID 31303087. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  40. ^ "COMPTON, Henry I (1544-89)". www.historyofparliamentonline.org. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  41. ^ Baltische Studien (in German). Gesellschaft für Pommersche Geschichte und Altertumskunde. 1937. p. 232. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  42. ^ "Gordon, John". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/11061. Retrieved 23 September 2023. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  43. ^ "The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary - Consistory of January 31, 1560". cardinals.fiu.edu. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  44. ^ "H A ŞA N K Â Fİ PRUŠČAK". Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  45. ^ Back, Friedrich (1873). Die evangelische Kirche im Lande zwischen Rhein, Mosel, Nahe und Glan bis zum Beginn des 30jährigen Krieges: ¬Theil ¬II, ¬Die Reformation der Kirche sowie der Kirche Schicksale und Gestaltung bis zum Jahre 1620 ; Abth. 1 (in German). Marcus. p. 171. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  46. ^ Bauer, Max (1907). Die deutsche Frau in der Vergangenheit (in German). A. Schall. p. 341. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  47. ^ White, Francis Overend (1898). Lives of the Elizabethan Bishops of the Anglican Church. Skeffington. p. 375. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  48. ^ Bushell, W. D. (19 January 2012). Hobson's Conduit: The New River at Cambridge Commonly Called Hobson's River. Cambridge University Press. p. 55. ISBN 978-1-108-04244-4. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  49. ^ Parsons, Laurel; Ravenscroft, Brenda (4 September 2018). Analytical Essays on Music by Women Composers: Secular & Sacred Music to 1900. Oxford University Press. p. 47. ISBN 978-0-19-023703-5. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  50. ^ Whetstone, George (1987). A critical edition of George Whetstone's 1582 An heptameron of civill discourses. New York: Garland. p. ix. ISBN 978-0-8240-8415-8. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  51. ^ Brockhaus, Friedrich Arnold (1884). Allgemeine deutsche Real-Encyclopädie für die gebildeten Stände (in German). istorical Commission of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences. p. 346. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  52. ^ Meijer, Bernhard; Westrin, Theodor; Berg, Ruben Gustafsson; Söderberg, Verner; Fahlstedt, Eugen (1910). Nordisk familjebok: konversationslexikon och realencyklopedi. Ny, rev. och rikt illustrerad uppl. ... (in Swedish). Nordisk familjeboks förlags aktiebolag. p. 38. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  53. ^ "Audley, Thomas". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/896. Retrieved 24 September 2023. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  54. ^ Calmet, Augustin (1745). Histoire de Lorraine (in French). Chez A. Leseure. p. cclxvj. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  55. ^ Raak, Cees van (2003). Vorstelijk begraven en gedenken: funeraire geschiedenis van het huis Oranje-Nassau (in Dutch). Thoth. p. 13. ISBN 978-90-6868-334-9. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  56. ^ Grünberg, Paul (1917). Die Reformation und das Elsass: Festschrift z. 400-jährigen Jubelfeier der Reformation (in German). Trübner. p. 70. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  57. ^ Wulfert Greef (1993). The Writings of John Calvin: An Introductory Guide. Baker Books. p. 131. ISBN 978-0-85111-435-4.
  58. ^ Sprague, T. A.; Sprague, M.S. (1939). "The Herbal of Valerius Cordus". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 52 (341): 1–113. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1939.tb01598.x. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  59. ^ "Blount, Charles, fifth Baron Mountjoy". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/2682. Retrieved 25 September 2023. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  60. ^ "The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary - Consistory of September 22, 1531". cardinals.fiu.edu. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  61. ^ Mellink, Albert Fredrik (1954). De wederdopers in de noordelijke nederlanden 1531-1544 (in Dutch). Wolters. p. 414. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  62. ^ Waugh, Scott L.; Diehl, Peter (18 July 2002). Christendom and Its Discontents: Exclusion, Persecution, and Rebellion, 1000-1500. Cambridge University Press. p. 173. ISBN 978-0-521-52509-1. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  63. ^ Renda, Umberto (1936). Teofilo Folengo (Merlin Cocai) (?1496-1544) (in Italian). G. B. Paravia & c. p. 16. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  64. ^ O'Donovan, John (1851). Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland. Hodges and Smith. p. 137. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  65. ^ "Burke, Ulick (de Burgh, Uilleag) ('Uilleag na gCeann')". www.dib.ie. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  66. ^ Li, Xifan (3 October 2022). A General History of Chinese Art: Ming Dynasty. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 220. ISBN 978-3-11-079091-7. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  67. ^ McCutcheon, Elizabeth; Gentrup, William (5 August 2022). A Companion to Margaret More Roper Studies: Life Records, Essential Texts, and Critical Essays. CUA Press. p. 38. ISBN 978-0-8132-3544-8. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  68. ^ "Nilakantha - Biography". Maths History. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  69. ^ Brosseder, Claudia (1 July 2014). The Power of Huacas: Change and Resistance in the Andean World of Colonial Peru. University of Texas Press. p. 29. ISBN 978-0-292-75696-0. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  70. ^ Renner, Bernd (2008). "Satirical Dialogism in the Paratext of Bonaventure Des Périers' Nouvelles Récréations et Joyeux Devis". French Forum. 33 (1/2): 1–14. ISSN 0098-9355. JSTOR 40552491. Retrieved 25 September 2023.