2016–17 Livingston F.C. season
2016–17 season | |||
---|---|---|---|
Manager | David Hopkin | ||
Stadium | Almondvale Stadium | ||
League One | Winners | ||
League Cup | Group stage | ||
Challenge Cup | Quarter-final | ||
Scottish Cup | Fourth round | ||
Top goalscorer | League: Liam Buchanan (22) All: Liam Buchanan (27) | ||
Highest home attendance | 1,241 vs. Celtic Colts, Challenge Cup, 3 September 2016 | ||
Lowest home attendance | 531 vs. Stenhousemuir, League One, 21 March 2017 | ||
Average home league attendance | 796 | ||
| |||
The 2016–17 season was Livingston's first season back in Scottish League One and their first season back in the third-tier of Scottish football, having been relegated from the Scottish Championship at the end of the 2015–16 season.[1] Livingston also competed in the Challenge Cup, League Cup and the Scottish Cup.
Summary
[edit]Season
[edit]Livingston finished in first place in League One and were promoted as champions back to the Scottish Championship after only one season back in the third=tier of scottish football.[2] On 24 October 2016, Livingston were fined £4,000 by the SPFL after their Scottish Challenge Cup tie with Crusaders, in which they were found to have fielded an ineligible player. Despite progressing to the next round, the SPFL ordered the match to be replayed in full and was held on 1 November.[3]
Results and fixtures
[edit]Win Draw Loss Postponed
Pre Season
[edit]2 July 2016 | Livingston | 1–5 | Dunfermline Athletic | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
15:00 | Currie 64' | Report | Reilly 20', 83' Geggan 31' McCabe 37' Cardle 68' |
5 July 2016 | Livingston | 2–2 | Greenock Morton | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
19:30 | Trialist 6' Cadden 58' |
Report | Tiffoney 44', 75' |
12 July 2016 | Livingston | 1–1 | St Johnstone | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
19:30 | Cadden 56' | Report | Coulson 11' |
23 July 2016 | Livingston | 0–0 | Hartlepool United | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
19:30 | Report |
Scottish League One
[edit]6 August 2016 1 | Livingston | 5–1 | Stranraer | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
15:00 | Pittman 5', 90+2' Mullen 24' Buchanan 72', 87 pen.' |
Report | Malcolm 55' | Attendance: 693 Referee: Bobby Madden |
13 August 2016 2 | Airdrieonians | 2–4 | Livingston | Excelsior Stadium, Airdrie |
15:00 | Ryan 53', 65' | Report | Mullen 13' Buchanan 37' Miller 58' Mullin 90' |
Attendance: 1,048 Referee: Mat Northcroft |
20 August 2016 3 | Livingston | 4–1 | Stenhousemuir | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
15:00 | Mullen 4', 49' Pittman 23' Longridge 78' |
Report | McMenamin 90 pen.' | Attendance: 769 Referee: Gavin Duncan |
27 August 2016 4 | Queen's Park | 1–0 | Livingston | Hampden Park, Glasgow |
15:00 | Malone 25' | Report | Attendance: 698 Referee: Kevin Graham |
10 September 2016 5 | Alloa Athletic | 1–3 | Livingston | Recreation Park, Alloa |
15:00 | Spence 65 pen.' | Report | Pittman 24' Buchanan 34' Miller 39' |
Attendance: 712 Referee: Craig Charleston |
17 September 2016 6 | Livingston | 2–1 | Brechin City | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
15:00 | Mullen 34' Pittman 65' |
Report | Trouten 72' | Attendance: 858 Referee: Alan Newlands |
24 September 2016 7 | East Fife | 3–1 | Livingston | Bayview Stadium, Methil |
15:00 | Insall 9', 34' Kane 11' |
Report | Mullin 59' | Attendance: 784 Referee: David Lowe |
1 October 2016 8 | Peterhead | 1–2 | Livingston | Balmoor, Peterhead |
15:00 | Kelleher 7' | Report | Mullen 25', 58' | Attendance: 569 Referee: Gavin Duncan |
15 October 2016 9 | Livingston | 1–2 | Albion Rovers | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
15:00 | Buchanan 90 pen.' | Report | Boyd 18' Wallace 70' |
Attendance: 702 Referee: Craig Charleston |
22 October 2016 10 | Livingston | 3–1 | Alloa Athletic | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
15:00 | Miller 55' Buchanan 62', 90' |
Report | Spence 90 pen.' | Attendance: 977 Referee: Stephen Finnie |
29 October 2016 11 | Brechin City | 0–3 | Livingston | Glebe Park, Brechin |
15:00 | Report | Buchanan 66' Longridge 69' Byrne 86' |
Attendance: 517 Referee: Bobby Madden |
5 November 2016 12 | Livingston | 3–1 | East Fife | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
15:00 | Buchanan 45', 66 pen.' Miller 49' |
Report | Smith 53' | Attendance: 907 Referee: Craig Napier |
19 November 2016 13 | Livingston | 1–2 | Peterhead | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
15:00 | Buchanan 80' | Report | McIntosh 39' Brown 74' |
Attendance: 712 Referee: Greg Aitken |
3 December 2016 14 | Albion Rovers | 0–1 | Livingston | Cliftonhill, Coatbridge |
15:00 | Report | Cadden 89 pen.' | Attendance: 413 Referee: David Munro |
10 December 2016 15 | Stranraer | 1–2 | Livingston | Stair Park, Stranraer |
15:00 | Gibson 5' | Report | Carrick 77' De Vita 84' |
Attendance: 333 Referee: Colin Steven |
13 December 2016 16 | Stenhousemuir | 0–4 | Livingston | Ochilview Park, Stenhousemuir |
19:45 | Report | Summers 16 o.g.' De Vita 70' Buchanan 81' Carrick 90' |
Attendance: 334 Referee: Kevin Graham |
17 December 2016 17 | Livingston | 2–0 | Airdrieonians | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
15:00 | Carrick 10' Cadden 89' |
Report | Attendance: 989 Referee: Steven Reid |
24 December 2016 18 | Livingston | 1–2 | Queen's Park | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
15:00 | Buchanan 40' | Report | McKernon 55 pen.' Cummins 58' |
Attendance: 819 Referee: Steven Kirkland |
31 December 2016 19 | East Fife | 2–1 | Livingston | Bayview Stadium, Methil |
15:00 | Insall 74' Robinson 77' |
Report | Buchanan 14' | Attendance: 661 Referee: Gavin Duncan |
7 January 2017 20 | Peterhead | 2–3 | Livingston | Balmoor, Peterhead |
15:00 | Riley 52' McAllister 62' |
Report | Gallagher 50' Buchanan 53' Byrne 79' |
Attendance: 582 Referee: David Lowe |
28 January 2017 21 | Livingston | 3–0 | Brechin City | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
15:00 | Buchanan 1' Halkett 29' Cadden 56' |
Report | Attendance: 746 Referee: Alan Newlands |
4 February 2017 22 | Alloa Athletic | 2–2 | Livingston | Recreation Park, Alloa |
15:00 | Kirkpatrick 25' Mackin 86' |
Report | Mullen 36' Buchanan 48' |
Attendance: 565 Referee: Kevin Graham |
11 February 2017 23 | Livingston | 0–0 | Stranraer | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
15:00 | Report | Attendance: 677 Referee: Graham Beaton |
18 February 2017 24 | Airdrieonians | 0–4 | Livingston | Excelsior Stadium, Airdrie |
15:00 | Report | Crighton 34' Gorman 50 o.g.' Mullen 78' Cadden 81' |
Attendance: 1,012 Referee: Stephen Finnie |
4 March 2017 25 | Queen's Park | 1–1 | Livingston | Hampden Park, Glasgow |
15:00 | Zanatta 20' | Report | Pittman 11' | Attendance: 701 Referee: Alan Newlands |
7 March 2017 26 | Livingston | 3–0 | Albion Rovers | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
19:45 | Todorov 34', 90' Mullen 88' |
Report | Attendance: 548 Referee: Nick Walsh |
11 March 2017 27 | Livingston | 0–1 | East Fife | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
15:00 | Report | Kerr 85' | Attendance: 773 Referee: Grant Irvine |
18 March 2017 28 | Stranraer | 0–1 | Livingston | Stair Park, Stranraer |
15:00 | Report | Buchanan 84' | Attendance: 523 Referee: Craig Napier |
21 March 2017 29 | Livingston | 1–0 | Stenhousemuir | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
19:45 | Todorov 24' | Report | Attendance: 531 Referee: Barry Cook |
25 March 2017 30 | Livingston | 4–2 | Airdrieonians | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
15:00 | Mullen 8', 62' Gallagher 10' Cadden 85' |
Report | Conroy 34' Ryan 90 pen.' |
Attendance: 832 Referee: Crawford Allan |
1 April 2017 31 | Brechin City | 0–2 | Livingston | Glebe Park, Brechin |
15:00 | Report | Buchanan 11', 59' | Attendance: 523 Referee: Scott Millar |
8 April 2017 32 | Livingston | 2–1 | Alloa Athletic | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
15:00 | Pittman 19' Longridge 49' |
Report | Mackin 67' | Attendance: 1,099 Referee: Greg Aitken |
15 April 2017 33 | Stenhousemuir | 0–1 | Livingston | Ochilview Park, Stenhousemuir |
15:00 | Report | Buchanan 54' | Attendance: 472 Referee: Colin Steven |
22 April 2017 34 | Livingston | 4–0 | Queen's Park | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
15:00 | Todorov 18' Mullen 70' Mullin 80' Cadden 90' |
Report | Attendance: 821 Referee: Grant Irvine |
29 April 2017 35 | Livingston | 4–1 | Peterhead | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
15:00 | Buchanan 12' Pittman 21' Mullin 42' Mullen 81' |
Report | Redman 61' | Attendance: 891 Referee: Kevin Graham |
6 May 2017 36 | Albion Rovers | 0–2 | Livingston | Cliftonhill, Coatbridge |
15:00 | Report | Pittman 19' De Vita 44' |
Attendance: 454 Referee: Steven Kirkland |
Scottish League Cup
[edit]Group stage
[edit]Results
16 July 2016 Group stage | Livingston | 2–3 | St Mirren | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
15:00 | Cadden 50' Carrick 68' |
Report | Clarkson 13', 81' Morgan 74' |
Attendance: 894 Referee: Gavin Duncan |
20 July 2016 Group stage | Edinburgh City | 0–3 | Livingston | Ainslie Park, Edinburgh |
19:45 | Report | Mullin 27' Mullen 45' Buchanan 76' |
Attendance: 595 Referee: Gavin Duncan |
26 July 2016 Group stage | Livingston | 0–2 | Ayr United | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
19:45 | Report | Murphy 19' McGuffie 78' |
Attendance: 643 Referee: David Lowe |
20 July 2016 Group stage | Hamilton Academical | 2–1 | Livingston | New Douglas Park, Hamilton |
19:45 | D'Acol 22' Longridge 55' |
Report | Matthews 41 o.g.' | Attendance: 764 Referee: Euan Anderson |
Group G Table
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | PW | PL | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification | HAM | AYR | STM | LIV | EDI | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Hamilton Academical (Q) | 4 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 5 | +5 | 9 | Qualification for the Second Round | — | — | 3–0 | 2–1 | — | |
2 | Ayr United (Q) | 4 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 2 | +3 | 9 | 2–1 | — | — | — | 1–0 | ||
3 | St Mirren | 4 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 5 | +2 | 9 | — | 1–0 | — | — | 3–0 | ||
4 | Livingston | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 7 | −1 | 3 | — | 0–2 | 2–3 | — | — | ||
5 | Edinburgh City | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 11 | −9 | 0 | 2–4 | — | — | 0–3 | — |
Scottish Challenge Cup
[edit]3 September 2016 Third round | Livingston | 5–1 | Celtic B | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
15:00 | Buchanan 5', 14 pen.', 40' Crighton 17' Mullen 35' |
Report | Hendry 43' | Attendance: 1,214 Referee: Steven Kirkland |
7 October 2016 | Crusaders | Void[A] | Livingston | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
19:45 | Owens 87' | SPFL | Stadium: Seaview Referee: David Morgan |
1 November 2016 Fourth round | Crusaders | 0–3 | Livingston | Seaview, Belfast |
19:45 | Report | Cadden 66' De Vita 74' Buchanan 89' |
Referee: Nick Pratt |
13 November 2016 Quarter-Final | Livingston | 0–3 | The New Saints | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
19:45 | Report | Parry 36' Saunders 58' Quigley 70' |
Attendance: 733 Referee: Raymond Change |
- Notes
- ^ A- Livingston's 2–1 win against Crusaders on Friday, 7 October was ordered to be replayed after Livingston plead guilty to a breach of SPFL rules in the original fixture. The club was fined £4,000 after they played Alan Lithgow for the full 90 minutes. Lithgow was ineligible for the match as he was still under an SFA suspension at the time.[4]
Scottish Cup
[edit]26 November 2016 Third round | Airdrieonians | 1–2 | Livingston | Excelsior Stadium, Airdrie |
15:00 | Ryan 18' | Report | Cadden 30' Mullen 62' |
Attendance: 780 Referee: Barry Cook |
21 January 2017 Fourth round | Livingston | 0–1 | East Fife | Almondvale Stadium, Livingston |
15:00 | Report | Paterson 27' | Attendance: 726 Referee: Colin Steven |
Player statistics
[edit]- As of 6 May 2017 (UTC)[5]
No. | Pos | Nat | Player | Total | League One | League Cup | Scottish Cup | Other | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | ||||
1 | GK | SCO | Liam Kelly | 40 | 0 | 34+0 | 0 | 4+0 | 0 | 2+0 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 |
2 | DF | SCO | Michael Miller | 22 | 4 | 13+1 | 3 | 4+0 | 1 | 1+0 | 0 | 3+0 | 0 |
3 | DF | SCO | Jackson Longridge | 38 | 4 | 24+6 | 3 | 4+0 | 0 | 1+0 | 0 | 3+0 | 1 |
4 | DF | SCO | Alan Lithgow | 41 | 3 | 31+0 | 3 | 4+0 | 0 | 2+0 | 0 | 4+0 | 0 |
5 | DF | SCO | Sean Crighton | 42 | 2 | 29+3 | 1 | 4+0 | 0 | 2+0 | 0 | 4+0 | 1 |
6 | MF | SCO | Shaun Byrne | 39 | 2 | 26+4 | 2 | 2+1 | 0 | 2+0 | 0 | 3+1 | 0 |
7 | MF | SCO | Josh Mullin | 37 | 5 | 18+9 | 4 | 4+0 | 1 | 1+1 | 0 | 2+2 | 0 |
8 | FW | SCO | Scott Pittman | 43 | 10 | 36+0 | 9 | 1+1 | 0 | 2+0 | 0 | 3+0 | 1 |
9 | FW | SCO | Liam Buchanan | 45 | 27 | 32+4 | 22 | 2+1 | 1 | 2+0 | 0 | 3+1 | 4 |
10 | FW | SCO | Danny Mullen | 42 | 17 | 28+4 | 14 | 4+0 | 1 | 2+0 | 1 | 3+1 | 1 |
11 | MF | SCO | Nicky Cadden | 43 | 9 | 22+12 | 6 | 3+1 | 1 | 1+1 | 1 | 2+1 | 1 |
14 | MF | RSA | Keaghan Jacobs | 4 | 0 | 3+1 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 |
15 | DF | SCO | Morgyn Neill | 9 | 0 | 3+4 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 | 1+1 | 0 |
16 | FW | SCO | Matthew Knox | 12 | 1 | 3+5 | 0 | 0+3 | 0 | 0+0 | 1 | 1+0 | 0 |
17 | MF | SCO | Jordan Sinclair | 10 | 0 | 6+0 | 0 | 2+0 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 | 2+0 | 0 |
18 | MF | SCO | Mark Millar | 13 | 0 | 12+1 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 |
19 | FW | SCO | Dale Carrick | 20 | 4 | 4+10 | 3 | 2+1 | 1 | 0+1 | 0 | 1+1 | 0 |
20 | GK | SCO | Gary Maley | 6 | 0 | 2+0 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 | 4+0 | 0 |
21 | MF | SCO | Liam Watt | 15 | 0 | 2+9 | 0 | 0+2 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 | 1+1 | 0 |
22 | MF | BUL | Nikolay Todorov | 14 | 4 | 7+7 | 4 | 0+0 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 |
23 | MF | ITA | Raffaele De Vita | 27 | 4 | 18+5 | 3 | 0+0 | 0 | 1+1 | 0 | 1+1 | 1 |
26 | DF | SCO | Craig Halkett | 43 | 1 | 33+0 | 1 | 4+0 | 0 | 2+0 | 0 | 4+0 | 0 |
28 | MF | SCO | Jack Ogilvie | 3 | 0 | 0+3 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 |
31 | DF | SCO | Declan Gallagher | 16 | 2 | 14+1 | 2 | 0+0 | 0 | 1+0 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 |
33 | FW | SCO | Kyle Sampson | 3 | 0 | 0+3 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 |
Players who left the club during the 2016–17 season | |||||||||||||
1 | GK | SCO | Darren Jamieson | 0 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 |
14 | FW | SCO | Thomas Orr | 3 | 0 | 0+1 | 0 | 0+2 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 |
18 | FW | SCO | Lewis Allan | 4 | 0 | 0+3 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 | 0+0 | 0 | 0+1 | 0 |
Team statistics
[edit]League table
[edit]Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion, qualification or relegation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Livingston (C, P) | 36 | 26 | 3 | 7 | 80 | 32 | +48 | 81 | Promotion to Scottish Championship |
2 | Alloa Athletic | 36 | 17 | 11 | 8 | 69 | 44 | +25 | 62 | Qualification to Championship play-offs |
3 | Airdrieonians | 36 | 16 | 4 | 16 | 61 | 66 | −5 | 52 | |
4 | Brechin City (O, P) | 36 | 15 | 5 | 16 | 43 | 49 | −6 | 50 | |
5 | East Fife | 36 | 12 | 10 | 14 | 41 | 44 | −3 | 46 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Goal difference; 3) Number of goals scored
(C) Champions; (O) Play-off winners; (P) Promoted
Division summary
[edit]A = Away; H = Home; W = Win; D = Draw; L = Loss
Transfers
[edit]See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Livingston 4–3 Stranraer (6–8 agg)". BBC Sport. BBC. 7 May 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
- ^ "Livington 4–1 Peterhead". livingstonfc.co.uk. Livingston FC. 29 April 2017. Retrieved 21 May 2020.
- ^ "Livingston escape with replay and £4000 fine for Irn-Bru Cup blunder". heraldscotland.com. The Herald. 24 October 2016. Retrieved 21 May 2020.
- ^ "Livingston charged by SPFL at disciplinary hearing". spfl.co.uk. SPFL. 24 October 2016. Retrieved 24 October 2016.
- ^ "Livingston 2016/2017 player appearances". Soccerbase. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
- ^ "Scottish League One 2016/17". worldfootball.net. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
- ^ "Two new faces arrive". livingstonfc.co.uk. Livingston FC. 16 May 2016. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
- ^ "Two new faces arrive". livingstonfc.co.uk. Livingston FC. 16 May 2016. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
- ^ "Nicky Cadden signs on". livingstonfc.co.uk. Livingston FC. 17 July 2016. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
- ^ "Livingston FC: New Signings Liam Watt and Jordan Sinclair admit chance to play for Lions was too good to turn down". dailyrecord.co.uk. Daily Record. 18 May 2016. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
- ^ "Livingston FC: New Signings Liam Watt and Jordan Sinclair admit chance to play for Lions was too good to turn down". dailyrecord.co.uk. Daily Record. 18 May 2016. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
- ^ "Byrne is latest Livingston signing". spfl.co.uk. SPFL. 20 May 2016. Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
- ^ "Miller is latest Livingston recruit". spfl.co.uk. SPFL. 24 May 2016. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
- ^ "New striker comes in on loan". livingstonfc.co.uk. Livingston FC. 14 July 2016. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
- ^ "Dale Carrick signs on". livingstonfc.co.uk. Livingston FC. 15 July 2016. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
- ^ "Kelly moves on loan". rangers.co.uk. Rangers FC. 15 July 2016. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
- ^ "SPFL Signings Update". spfl.co.uk. SPFL. 12 August 2016. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
- ^ "Rafa's Back!". livingstonfc.co.uk. Livingston FC. 18 October 2016. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
- ^ "Mark Millar signs up". livingstonfc.co.uk. Livingston FC. 6 January 2017. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
- ^ "Back to the Future as Keaghan Jacobs Returns". livingstonfc.co.uk. Livingston FC. 20 January 2017. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
- ^ "Change of heart for Nikolay Todorov". livingstonfc.co.uk. Livingston FC. 23 January 2017. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
- ^ "New Signing:Ben Gordon". saintmirren.net. St Mirren FC. 2 June 2016. Archived from the original on 2018-09-26. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ^ "Jordyn Sheerin signs for Berwick Rangers". berwickrangers.com. Berwick Rangers FC. 2 June 2016. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ^ "Three New Signings". cowdenbeathfc.com. Cowdenbeath FC. 30 June 2016. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ^ "Scottish League One Ins & Outs". BBC Sport. BBC. 1 July 2016. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ^ "Plymouth Argyle sign Marc McCallum". Sky Sports News. Sky Sports. 1 August 2016. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ^ "Goalie Signs". hamiltonacciesfc.co.uk. Hamilton Academical FC. 25 September 2016. Archived from the original on 25 June 2020. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ^ "Craig Sives". cowdenbeathfc.com. Cowdenbeath FC. 7 January 2017. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ^ "Neill steps to Stair Park". livingstonfc.co.uk. Livingston FC. 12 January 2017. Retrieved 6 June 2020.