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A crop is a plant that can be grown and harvested extensively for profit or subsistence.^[1] In other words, a crop is a plant or plant product that is grown for a specific purpose such as food, fibre, or fuel.

When plants of the same species are cultivated in rows or other systematic arrangements, it is called crop field or crop cultivation.

Most crops are harvested as food for humans or fodder for livestock.

Important non-food crops include horticulture, floriculture, and industrial crops. Horticulture crops include plants used for other crops (e.g. fruit trees). Floriculture crops include bedding plants, houseplants, flowering garden and pot plants, cut cultivated greens, and cut flowers. Industrial crops are produced for clothing (fiber crops e.g. cotton), biofuel (energy crops, algae fuel), or medicine (medicinal plants).

Production

The production of primary crops was 9.5 billion tonnes in 2021, 54% more than in 2000. Four crops account for about half of global primary crop production: sugar cane, maize, wheat and rice.^[3]

The global production of primary crops increased by 54% between 2000 and 2021, to 9.5 billion tonnes, which is 2% higher than in 2020. This represents 3.3 billion tonnes more than in 2000. With slightly less than one-third of the total, cereals were the main group of crops produced in 2021, followed by sugar crops (22%), vegetables and oil crops (12% each). Fruit, and roots and tubers each accounted for 9–10% of the total production. The increase in production is mostly attributable to a combination of factors; increased use of irrigation, pesticides and fertilizers, and to a lesser extent a larger cultivated area. Other factors such as better farming practices and the use of high-yield crops also play a role.^[3]

The value of primary crops production increased at a slightly higher pace in real terms as the quantities produced (57%), from USD 1.8 trillion in 2000 to USD 2.8 trillion in 2021. As with quantities produced, cereals accounted for the largest share of the total production value in 2021 (30%). Vegetables and fruit represented 19% and 17%, respectively, of the total value in 2021, which is significantly higher than the shares in quantities. The shares of oil crops and roots and tubers in the total value were similar to the shares in quantities. Sugar crops represented 4% of the total value: such a discrepancy with the share of the quantities produced is due to differences in price compared to fruit and vegetables, and to the fact that the transformation into refined sugar is adding the most value.^[3]

Globally important crops

The importance of a crop varies greatly depending on the region. Globally, the following crops contribute most to human food supply (values of kcal/person/day for 2013 given in parentheses): rice (541 kcal), wheat (527 kcal), sugarcane and other sugar crops (200 kcal), maize (corn) (147 kcal), soybean oil (82 kcal), other vegetables (74 kcal), potatoes (64 kcal), palm oil (52 kcal), cassava (37 kcal), legume pulses (37 kcal), sunflower seed oil (35 kcal), rape and mustard oil (34 kcal), other fruits, (31 kcal), sorghum (28 kcal), millet (27 kcal), groundnuts (25 kcal), beans (23 kcal), sweet potatoes (22 kcal), bananas (21 kcal), various nuts (16 kcal), soybeans (14 kcal), cottonseed oil (13 kcal), groundnut oil (13 kcal), yams (13 kcal).^[4] Note that many of the globally apparently minor crops are regionally very important. For example, in Africa, roots & tubers dominate with 421 kcal/person/day, and sorghum and millet contribute 135 kcal and 90 kcal, respectively.^[4]

In terms of produced weight, the following crops are the most important ones (global production in thousand metric tonnes):^[5]

Crop	2000	2013	2020
Sugarcane	1,256,380	1,877,110	1,870,246
Maize	592,479	1,016,740	1,171,332
Rice	599,355	745,710	1,264,410
Wheat	585,691	713,183	760,931
Potato	327,600	368,096	359,124

Methods of cropping and popular crops in the U.S.

There are various methods of cropping that are used in the agricultural industry,^[6] such as mono cropping, crop rotation, sequential cropping, and mixed intercropping.^[7] Each method of cropping has its purposes and possibly disadvantages as well.^[7] Himanshu Arora defines mono cropping as where a field only grows one specific crop year round.^[6] Mono Cropping has its disadvantages, according to Himanshu Arora, such as the risk of the soil losing its fertility.^[8] Following mono cropping, another method of cropping is relay cropping. According to the National Library of Medicine, relay cropping may solve a number of conflicts such as inefficient use of available resources, controversies in sowing time, fertilizer application, and soil degradation.^[9] The result coming from the use of relay cropping is higher crop output.^[9] In the United States, corn is the largest crop produced, and soybean follows in second, according to the government of Alberta.^[10] Referring to a map given by the Government of Alberta, the most popular region to grow these popular crops is in the inner states of the U.S., it is where the crops are most successful in output.^[10]

References

^ "crop". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 2017-06-20.
^ ^a ^b World Food and Agriculture – Statistical Yearbook 2021. 2021. doi:10.4060/cb4477en. ISBN 978-92-5-134332-6. S2CID 240163091. Archived from the original on 2021-11-03. Retrieved 2021-12-13. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)
^ ^a ^b ^c World Food and Agriculture – Statistical Yearbook 2023 | FAO | Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2023. doi:10.4060/cc8166en. ISBN 978-92-5-138262-2. Retrieved 2023-12-13. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)
^ ^a ^b Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Statistics Division (2017). "FAOstats Food Supply - Crops Primary Equivalent".
^ FAO 2015. FAO Statistical Pocketbook 2015, ISBN 978-92-5-108802-9, p. 28
^ ^a ^b Arora, Himanshu (2017-10-06). "Types of Cropping Systems: Mono cropping; Crop Rotation; Sequential Cropping; Inter Cropping; Relay Cropping".
^ ^a ^b "Types of Cropping Systems: Mono cropping; Crop Rotation; Sequential Cropping; Inter Cropping; Relay Cropping - Civilsdaily". 2017-10-06. Retrieved 2022-12-06.
^ "Types of Cropping Systems: Mono cropping; Crop Rotation; Sequential Cropping; Inter Cropping; Relay Cropping - Civilsdaily". 2017-10-06. Retrieved 2022-12-16.
^ ^a ^b Tanveer, Mohsin; Anjum, Shakeel Ahmad; Hussain, Saddam; Cerdà, Artemi; Ashraf, Umair (March 2017). "Relay cropping as a sustainable approach: problems and opportunities for sustainable crop production". Environmental Science and Pollution Research International. 24 (8): 6973–6988. Bibcode:2017ESPR...24.6973T. doi:10.1007/s11356-017-8371-4. ISSN 1614-7499. PMID 28083744. S2CID 207283489.
^ ^a ^b "US Crops – Where Are They Grown?". www.alberta.ca. Retrieved 2022-12-16.

Sources

This article incorporates text from a free content work. Licensed under CC BY-SA IGO 3.0 (license statement/permission). Text taken from World Food and Agriculture – Statistical Yearbook 2023, FAO, FAO.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Other uses}}
 {{Short description|Plant or animal product which can be grown and harvested}}
+{{Other uses}}
 [[File:New World Domesticated plants.JPG|thumb|upright=1.25|Domesticated plants]]
 [[File:Drying Crop in rural Punjabi home.JPG|thumb|Crops drying in a home in [[Punjab, Pakistan]]]]
-A '''crop''' is a [[plant]] that can be grown and [[harvest]]ed extensively for profit or [[subsistence agriculture|subsistence]].<ref>{{cite Merriam-Webster|crop |access-date=2017-06-20}}</ref> When the plants of the same kind are cultivated at one place on a large scale, it is called a '''crop'''. Most crops are cultivated in [[agriculture]] or [[hydroponics]]. Crops may include macroscopic [[fungus]] (e.g. [[mushroom]]s) and marine [[seaweed|macroalga]] (e.g. [[seaweed farming|seaweed]]), some of which are grown in [[aquaculture]].
+A '''crop''' is a [[plant]] that can be grown and [[harvest]]ed extensively for profit or subsistence.<ref>{{cite Merriam-Webster|crop |access-date=2017-06-20}}</ref>  In other words, a crop is a plant or plant product that is grown for a specific purpose such as [[food]], [[Fiber|fibre]], or [[fuel]].
+When plants of the same species are cultivated in rows or other systematic arrangements, it is called crop field or crop cultivation.
+Most crops are [[harvest]]ed as [[food]] for humans or [[fodder]] for [[livestock]].
+Important [[non-food]] crops include [[horticulture]], [[floriculture]], and industrial crops. [[Horticulture]] crops include plants used for other crops (e.g. [[fruit trees]]). [[Floriculture]] crops include bedding plants, houseplants, flowering garden and pot plants, cut cultivated greens, and [[cut flowers]]. [[Industrial crop]]s are produced for [[clothing]] ([[fiber crop]]s e.g. [[cotton]]), [[biofuel]] ([[energy crops]], [[algae fuel]]), or [[medicine]] ([[medicinal plants]]).
+==Production==
+[[File:World Production Of Primary Crops, Main Commodities.svg|thumb|World production of crops by commodity group<ref name="FAO2021">{{Cite book|title=World Food and Agriculture – Statistical Yearbook 2021|url=https://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/cb4477en/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-13|website=www.fao.org|year=2021|language=en|doi=10.4060/cb4477en|isbn=978-92-5-134332-6|s2cid=240163091|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211103083611/https://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/cb4477en/|archive-date=2021-11-03 }}</ref>]]
+[[File:World Agricultural Land by Use.svg|thumb|World agricultural land by use, permanent meadows and pastures and cropland]]
+[[File:Cropland Area (2021).svg|thumb|Area used for crops by country in 2021]]
+The production of primary crops was 9.5 billion tonnes in 2021, 54% more than in 2000. Four crops account for about half of global primary crop production: [[Sugarcane|sugar cane]], [[maize]], [[wheat]] and [[rice]].<ref name=":142">{{Cite book |title=World Food and Agriculture – Statistical Yearbook 2023 {{!}} FAO {{!}} Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations |url=https://www.fao.org/documents/card/en?details=cc8166en |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=FAODocuments | date=2023 |language=en |doi=10.4060/cc8166en| isbn=978-92-5-138262-2 }}</ref>
+The global production of primary crops increased by 54% between 2000 and 2021, to 9.5 billion tonnes, which is 2% higher than in 2020. This represents 3.3 billion tonnes more than in 2000. With slightly less than one-third of the total, cereals were the main group of crops produced in 2021, followed by sugar crops (22%), vegetables and oil crops (12% each). Fruit, and roots and tubers each accounted for 9–10% of the total production. The increase in production is mostly attributable to a combination of factors; increased use of irrigation, pesticides and fertilizers, and to a lesser extent a larger cultivated area. Other factors such as better farming practices and the use of high-yield crops also play a role.<ref name=":142" />
-Most crops are [[harvest]]ed as [[food]] for humans or [[fodder]] for [[livestock]]. Some crops are gathered from the wild often in a form of [[intensive gathering]] (e.g. [[ginseng]], [[yohimbe]], and [[eucommia]]).
+The value of primary crops production increased at a slightly higher pace in real terms as the quantities produced (57%), from USD 1.8 trillion in 2000 to USD 2.8 trillion in 2021. As with quantities produced, cereals accounted for the largest share of the total production value in 2021 (30%). Vegetables and fruit represented 19% and 17%, respectively, of the total value in 2021, which is significantly higher than the shares in quantities. The shares of oil crops and roots and tubers in the total value were similar to the shares in quantities. Sugar crops represented 4% of the total value: such a discrepancy with the share of the quantities produced is due to differences in price compared to fruit and vegetables, and to the fact that the transformation into refined sugar is adding the most value.<ref name=":142" />
-Important non-food crops include horticulture, floriculture and industrial crops. [[Horticulture]] crops include plants used for other crops (e.g. [[fruit trees]]). [[Floriculture]] crops include bedding plants, houseplants, flowering garden and pot plants, cut cultivated greens, and [[cut flowers]]. [[Industrial crop]]s are produced for [[clothing]] ([[fiber crop]]s e.g. [[cotton]]), [[biofuel]] ([[energy crops]], [[algae fuel]]), or [[medicine]] ([[medicinal plants]]).
-==Important food crops==
+== Globally important crops ==
+The importance of a crop varies greatly depending on the region. Globally, the following crops contribute most to human food supply (values of kcal/person/day for 2013 given in parentheses): [[rice]] (541 kcal), [[wheat]] (527 kcal), [[sugarcane]] and other sugar crops (200 kcal), [[maize]] (corn) (147 kcal), [[soybean oil]] (82 kcal), other [[vegetable]]s (74 kcal), [[potato]]es (64 kcal), [[palm oil]] (52 kcal), [[cassava]] (37 kcal), [[legume]] pulses (37 kcal), [[sunflower seed]] oil (35 kcal), [[rape oil|rape]] and [[mustard oil]] (34 kcal), other [[fruit]]s, (31 kcal), [[sorghum]] (28 kcal), [[millet]] (27 kcal), [[Peanut|groundnuts]] (25 kcal), [[bean]]s (23 kcal), [[sweet potato]]es (22 kcal), [[banana]]s (21 kcal), [[Nut (fruit)|various nuts]] (16 kcal), [[soybean]]s (14 kcal), [[cottonseed oil]] (13 kcal), [[groundnut oil]] (13 kcal), [[Yam (vegetable)|yams]] (13 kcal).<ref name="FAOstats">{{cite web|title=FAOstats Food Supply - Crops Primary Equivalent |url=http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/CC |author=[[Food and Agriculture Organization]] of the [[United Nations]], Statistics Division |year=2017 }}</ref> Note that many of the globally apparently minor crops are regionally very important. For example, in Africa, roots & tubers dominate with 421 kcal/person/day, and sorghum and millet contribute 135 kcal and 90 kcal, respectively.<ref name="FAOstats" />
-[[File:World production of crops by commodity group.svg|thumb|World production of crops by commodity group<ref>{{Cite book|title=World Food and Agriculture – Statistical Yearbook 2021|url=https://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/cb4477en/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-13|website=www.fao.org|year=2021 |language=en|doi=10.4060/cb4477en|isbn=978-92-5-134332-6 |s2cid=240163091 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211103083611/https://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/cb4477en/ |archive-date=2021-11-03 }}</ref>]]
+[[File:World production of crops, main commodities.svg|thumb|World production of crops, main commodities<ref name="FAO2021" />]]
-The importance of a crop varies greatly by region. Globally, the following crops contribute most to human food supply (values of kcal/person/day for 2013 given in parentheses): [[rice]] (541 kcal), [[wheat]] (527 kcal), [[sugarcane]] and other sugar crops (200 kcal), [[maize]] (corn) (147 kcal), [[soybean oil]] (82 kcal), other [[vegetable]]s (74 kcal), [[potato]]es (64 kcal), [[palm oil]] (52 kcal), [[cassava]] (37 kcal), [[legume]] pulses (37 kcal), [[sunflower seed]] oil (35 kcal), [[rape oil|rape]] and [[mustard oil]] (34 kcal), other [[fruit]]s, (31 kcal), [[sorghum]] (28 kcal), [[millet]] (27 kcal), [[Peanut|groundnuts]] (25 kcal), [[bean]]s (23 kcal), [[sweet potato]]es (22 kcal), [[banana]]s (21 kcal), [[Nut (fruit)|various nuts]] (16 kcal), [[soybean]]s (14 kcal), [[cottonseed oil]] (13 kcal), [[groundnut oil]] (13 kcal), [[Yam (vegetable)|yams]] (13 kcal).<ref name="FAOstats">{{cite web|title=FAOstats Food Supply - Crops Primary Equivalent |url=http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/CC |author=[[Food and Agriculture Organization]] of the [[United Nations]], Statistics Division |year=2017 }}</ref> Note that many of the globally apparently minor crops are regionally very important. For example, in Africa, roots & tubers dominate with 421 kcal/person/day, and sorghum and millet contribute 135 kcal and 90 kcal, respectively.<ref name="FAOstats" />
-[[File:World production of crops, main commodities.svg|thumb|World production of crops, main commodities<ref>{{Cite book|title=World Food and Agriculture – Statistical Yearbook 2021|url=https://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/cb4477en/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-13|website=www.fao.org|year=2021 |language=en|doi=10.4060/cb4477en|isbn=978-92-5-134332-6 |s2cid=240163091 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211103083611/https://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/cb4477en/ |archive-date=2021-11-03 }}</ref>]]
 In terms of produced weight, the following crops are the most important ones (global production in thousand metric tonnes):<ref>FAO 2015. FAO Statistical Pocketbook 2015, {{ISBN|978-92-5-108802-9}}, p. 28</ref>
 {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: right;"
@@ Line 35: / Line 46: @@
 |}
 {{clear}}
 == Methods of cropping and popular crops in the U.S. ==
-There are various methods of cropping that are used in the agricultural industry,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Arora |first=Himanshu |date=2017-10-06 |title=Types of Cropping Systems: Mono cropping; Crop Rotation; Sequential Cropping; Inter Cropping; Relay Cropping |url=https://www.civilsdaily.com/types-of-cropping-systems-mono-cropping-crop-rotation-sequential-cropping-inter-cropping-relay-cropping/#:~:text=Prelims%20Ts-,Types%20of%20Cropping%20Systems%3A%20Mono%20cropping%3B%20Crop%20Rotation%3B%20Sequential,Cropping%3B%20Inter%20Cropping%3B%20Relay%20Cropping}}</ref> such as mono cropping, crop rotation, sequential cropping, and mixed intercropping.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-10-06 |title=Types of Cropping Systems: Mono cropping; Crop Rotation; Sequential Cropping; Inter Cropping; Relay Cropping - Civilsdaily |url=https://www.civilsdaily.com/types-of-cropping-systems-mono-cropping-crop-rotation-sequential-cropping-inter-cropping-relay-cropping/ |access-date=2022-12-06 |language=en-US}}</ref> Each method of cropping have their purposes and possibly disadvantages to them as well.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-10-06 |title=Types of Cropping Systems: Mono cropping; Crop Rotation; Sequential Cropping; Inter Cropping; Relay Cropping - Civilsdaily |url=https://www.civilsdaily.com/types-of-cropping-systems-mono-cropping-crop-rotation-sequential-cropping-inter-cropping-relay-cropping/ |access-date=2022-12-06 |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Himanshu Arora]] defines mono cropping as where a field only grows one specific crop year round.<ref name=":0" /> Mono Cropping has its disadvantages, according to Himanshu Arora, such as the risk of the soil losing its fertility.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-10-06 |title=Types of Cropping Systems: Mono cropping; Crop Rotation; Sequential Cropping; Inter Cropping; Relay Cropping - Civilsdaily |url=https://www.civilsdaily.com/types-of-cropping-systems-mono-cropping-crop-rotation-sequential-cropping-inter-cropping-relay-cropping/ |access-date=2022-12-16 |language=en-US}}</ref> Following mono cropping, another method of cropping is relay cropping. According to the National Library of Medicine, relay cropping may solve a number of conflicts such as inefficient use of available resources, controversies in sowing time, fertilizer application, and [[soil degradation]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Tanveer |first1=Mohsin |last2=Anjum |first2=Shakeel Ahmad |last3=Hussain |first3=Saddam |last4=Cerdà |first4=Artemi |last5=Ashraf |first5=Umair |date=March 2017 |title=Relay cropping as a sustainable approach: problems and opportunities for sustainable crop production |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28083744/#:~:text=Relay%20cropping%20is%20a%20method,fertilizer%20application,%20and%20soil%20degradation. |journal=Environmental Science and Pollution Research International |volume=24 |issue=8 |pages=6973–6988 |doi=10.1007/s11356-017-8371-4 |issn=1614-7499 |pmid=28083744|s2cid=207283489 }}</ref> The result coming from the use of relay cropping is higher crop output.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Tanveer |first1=Mohsin |last2=Anjum |first2=Shakeel Ahmad |last3=Hussain |first3=Saddam |last4=Cerdà |first4=Artemi |last5=Ashraf |first5=Umair |date=March 2017 |title=Relay cropping as a sustainable approach: problems and opportunities for sustainable crop production |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28083744/#:~:text=Relay%20cropping%20is%20a%20method,fertilizer%20application,%20and%20soil%20degradation. |journal=Environmental Science and Pollution Research International |volume=24 |issue=8 |pages=6973–6988 |doi=10.1007/s11356-017-8371-4 |issn=1614-7499 |pmid=28083744|s2cid=207283489 }}</ref> In the United States, corn is the largest crop produced, and soybean follows in at second, according to the government of Alberta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Crops – Where Are They Grown? |url=https://www.alberta.ca/us-crops-where-are-they-grown.aspx |access-date=2022-12-16 |website=www.alberta.ca |language=en-CA}}</ref> Referring to a map given by the Government of Alberta, the most popular region to grow these popular crops are in the inner states of the U.S., it is where the crops are most successful in output.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Crops – Where Are They Grown? |url=https://www.alberta.ca/us-crops-where-are-they-grown.aspx |access-date=2022-12-16 |website=www.alberta.ca |language=en-CA}}</ref>
+There are various methods of cropping that are used in the agricultural industry,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Arora |first=Himanshu |date=2017-10-06 |title=Types of Cropping Systems: Mono cropping; Crop Rotation; Sequential Cropping; Inter Cropping; Relay Cropping |url=https://www.civilsdaily.com/types-of-cropping-systems-mono-cropping-crop-rotation-sequential-cropping-inter-cropping-relay-cropping/#:~:text=Prelims%20Ts-,Types%20of%20Cropping%20Systems%3A%20Mono%20cropping%3B%20Crop%20Rotation%3B%20Sequential,Cropping%3B%20Inter%20Cropping%3B%20Relay%20Cropping}}</ref> such as mono cropping, crop rotation, sequential cropping, and mixed intercropping.<ref name="civilsdaily.com">{{Cite web |date=2017-10-06 |title=Types of Cropping Systems: Mono cropping; Crop Rotation; Sequential Cropping; Inter Cropping; Relay Cropping - Civilsdaily |url=https://www.civilsdaily.com/types-of-cropping-systems-mono-cropping-crop-rotation-sequential-cropping-inter-cropping-relay-cropping/ |access-date=2022-12-06 |language=en-US}}</ref> Each method of cropping has its purposes and possibly disadvantages as well.<ref name="civilsdaily.com"/> [[Himanshu Arora]] defines mono cropping as where a field only grows one specific crop year round.<ref name=":0" /> Mono Cropping has its disadvantages, according to Himanshu Arora, such as the risk of the soil losing its fertility.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-10-06 |title=Types of Cropping Systems: Mono cropping; Crop Rotation; Sequential Cropping; Inter Cropping; Relay Cropping - Civilsdaily |url=https://www.civilsdaily.com/types-of-cropping-systems-mono-cropping-crop-rotation-sequential-cropping-inter-cropping-relay-cropping/ |access-date=2022-12-16 |language=en-US}}</ref> Following mono cropping, another method of cropping is relay cropping. According to the National Library of Medicine, relay cropping may solve a number of conflicts such as inefficient use of available resources, controversies in sowing time, fertilizer application, and [[soil degradation]].<ref name="pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov">{{Cite journal |last1=Tanveer |first1=Mohsin |last2=Anjum |first2=Shakeel Ahmad |last3=Hussain |first3=Saddam |last4=Cerdà |first4=Artemi |last5=Ashraf |first5=Umair |date=March 2017 |title=Relay cropping as a sustainable approach: problems and opportunities for sustainable crop production |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28083744/#:~:text=Relay%20cropping%20is%20a%20method,fertilizer%20application,%20and%20soil%20degradation. |journal=Environmental Science and Pollution Research International |volume=24 |issue=8 |pages=6973–6988 |doi=10.1007/s11356-017-8371-4 |issn=1614-7499 |pmid=28083744|bibcode=2017ESPR...24.6973T |s2cid=207283489 }}</ref> The result coming from the use of relay cropping is higher crop output.<ref name="pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov"/> In the United States, corn is the largest crop produced, and soybean follows in second, according to the government of Alberta.<ref name="US Crops – Where Are They Grown">{{Cite web |title=US Crops – Where Are They Grown? |url=https://www.alberta.ca/us-crops-where-are-they-grown.aspx |access-date=2022-12-16 |website=www.alberta.ca |language=en-CA}}</ref> Referring to a map given by the Government of Alberta, the most popular region to grow these popular crops is in the inner states of the U.S., it is where the crops are most successful in output.<ref name="US Crops – Where Are They Grown"/>
 ==See also==
@@ Line 78: / Line 90: @@
 ==References==
 {{Reflist}}
+== Sources ==
+{{Free-content attribution
+| title = World Food and Agriculture – Statistical Yearbook 2023
+| author = FAO
+| publisher = FAO
+| documentURL = https://www.fao.org/documents/card/en?details=cc8166en
+| license statement URL = https://commons.wikimedia.org/whttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:World_Food_and_Agriculture_-_Statistical_Yearbook_2023.pdf
+| license = CC BY-SA IGO 3.0
+}}
 ==Further reading==

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Horticulture	Agriculture Permaculture stock-free sustainable urban Arboriculture Bonsai Saikei Botany Companion planting Crop most valuable Cutting Flora Floriculture Canada Taiwan Hügelkultur Fruticulture Genetically modified tree Hydroculture Indigenous Intercropping Landscape architecture Olericulture Plant breeding cuttings free-flowering propagation drought tolerance hardiness Pomology Postharvest physiology Roguing Tropical Urban agriculture horticulture forestry reforestation Viticulture Monoculture
Organic	Biodynamic agriculture Grafting List of organic gardening and farming topics Vegan organic agriculture
Plant protection	Fungicide Herbicide Index of pesticide articles List of fungicides List of insecticides Pesticide Plant disease forecasting Pruning Weed control Aquamog weed remover
Related articles	Community orchard Features Floral design Floristry Ikebana Groundskeeping Garden centre Garden tourism List of gardens Lists of plants Perennial Plant collecting Turf management
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