Wiktionary

ylä-

See also: yla, ýla, ylą, yła, ȳła, and -yla

Finnish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *ülä, from Proto-Uralic *wilä, *wülä. Cognate with Erzya вель- (veľ-) in велькс (veľks, “sheet; upside”), вельтямс (veľťams, “to cover”). Some of the inflected forms, like yleensä, ylen and ylös exhibit a variant yle-; this variant goes back to at least Proto-Finnic (Proto-Finnic *üle-).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈylæ-/, [ˈylæ-]

Prefix

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ylä- (comparative ylempi, superlative ylin)

  1. upper
  2. superior, high, higher

Usage notes

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  • ylä- is used as a nominal prefix, whereas yli- is used as both a verbal prefix and as a nominal prefix:
    Yliarvioiko alaluokka yläluokkaa?
    Is the upper class being overestimated by the lower class?
    yli-ihminen ― superhuman
    yliluutnantti ― senior lieutenant
    yliopisto ― university
    ylimielinen ― arrogant

Inflection

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The inflected forms of ylä- serve only as adverbs.

Declension of ylä-
noun case singular pluraladverbial form singular plural
nominative ylä- –superessive ylhäällä –
genitive – –delative ylhäältä –
partitive – –sublative ylhäälle –
accusative – –lative ylös –
inessive – –temporal – –
elative – –causative – –
illative (yleensä) –multiplicative – –
adessive yllä –distributive – –
ablative yltä –temp. dist. – –
allative ylle –prolative yli, ylitse –
essive – –situative – –
translative – –oppositive – –
abessive – –
instructive ylen –
comitative – –

Antonyms

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  • (antonym(s) of “upper; superior, high, higher”): ala-

Derived terms

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adjectives
adverbs
nouns
postpositions
proper nouns
verbs
compounds

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Ingrian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *ülä-. Cognates include Finnish ylä- and Veps ülä-.

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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ylä-

  1. upper

Antonyms

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Derived terms

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Ingrian terms prefixed with ylä-
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