turmella
Finnish
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editVerb
editturmella
- to damage, mar, ruin
- to taint, corrupt
- to disfigure (to change the appearance of something/someone to the negative)
- Palohaavat turmelivat hänen kasvonsa.
- The burnings disfigured his face.
Conjugation
editInflection of turmella (Kotus type 67/tulla, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | turmelen | en turmele | 1st sing. | olen turmellut | en ole turmellut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | turmelet | et turmele | 2nd sing. | olet turmellut | et ole turmellut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | turmelee | ei turmele | 3rd sing. | on turmellut | ei ole turmellut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | turmelemme | emme turmele | 1st plur. | olemme turmelleet | emme ole turmelleet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | turmelette | ette turmele | 2nd plur. | olette turmelleet | ette ole turmelleet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | turmelevat | eivät turmele | 3rd plur. | ovat turmelleet | eivät ole turmelleet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | turmellaan | ei turmella | passive | on turmeltu | ei ole turmeltu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | turmelin | en turmellut | 1st sing. | olin turmellut | en ollut turmellut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | turmelit | et turmellut | 2nd sing. | olit turmellut | et ollut turmellut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | turmeli | ei turmellut | 3rd sing. | oli turmellut | ei ollut turmellut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | turmelimme | emme turmelleet | 1st plur. | olimme turmelleet | emme olleet turmelleet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | turmelitte | ette turmelleet | 2nd plur. | olitte turmelleet | ette olleet turmelleet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | turmelivat | eivät turmelleet | 3rd plur. | olivat turmelleet | eivät olleet turmelleet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | turmeltiin | ei turmeltu | passive | oli turmeltu | ei ollut turmeltu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | turmelisin | en turmelisi | 1st sing. | olisin turmellut | en olisi turmellut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | turmelisit | et turmelisi | 2nd sing. | olisit turmellut | et olisi turmellut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | turmelisi | ei turmelisi | 3rd sing. | olisi turmellut | ei olisi turmellut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | turmelisimme | emme turmelisi | 1st plur. | olisimme turmelleet | emme olisi turmelleet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | turmelisitte | ette turmelisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte turmelleet | ette olisi turmelleet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | turmelisivat | eivät turmelisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat turmelleet | eivät olisi turmelleet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | turmeltaisiin | ei turmeltaisi | passive | olisi turmeltu | ei olisi turmeltu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | turmele | älä turmele | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | turmelkoon | älköön turmelko | 3rd sing. | olkoon turmellut | älköön olko turmellut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | turmelkaamme | älkäämme turmelko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | turmelkaa | älkää turmelko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | turmelkoot | älkööt turmelko | 3rd plur. | olkoot turmelleet | älkööt olko turmelleet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | turmeltakoon | älköön turmeltako | passive | olkoon turmeltu | älköön olko turmeltu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | turmellen | en turmelle | 1st sing. | lienen turmellut | en liene turmellut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | turmellet | et turmelle | 2nd sing. | lienet turmellut | et liene turmellut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | turmellee | ei turmelle | 3rd sing. | lienee turmellut | ei liene turmellut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | turmellemme | emme turmelle | 1st plur. | lienemme turmelleet | emme liene turmelleet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | turmellette | ette turmelle | 2nd plur. | lienette turmelleet | ette liene turmelleet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | turmellevat | eivät turmelle | 3rd plur. | lienevät turmelleet | eivät liene turmelleet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | turmeltaneen | ei turmeltane | passive | lienee turmeltu | ei liene turmeltu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | turmella | present | turmeleva | turmeltava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
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past | turmellut | turmeltu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | turmellessa | turmeltaessa | agent4 | turmelema | ||||||||||||||||
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negative | turmelematon | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | turmellen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | turmelemassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | turmelemasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | turmelemaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | turmelemalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | turmelematta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | turmeleman | turmeltaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | turmeleminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
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Derived terms
editRelated terms
editFurther reading
edit- “turmella”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03