surcharge
See also: surchargé
English
editEtymology
editFrom Middle French surcharge, from Old French. By surface analysis, sur- + charge. Doublet of supercharge.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editsurcharge (plural surcharges)
- An addition of extra charge on the agreed or stated price.
- Our airline tickets cost twenty dollars more than we expected because we had to pay a fuel surcharge.
- The part of the price of a subsidized good or service that is not covered by the subsidy and so must be paid by the consumer.
- An excessive price charged e.g. to an unsuspecting customer.
- (philately) An overprint on a stamp that alters (usually raises) the original nominal value of the stamp; used especially in times of hyperinflation.
- (art) A painting in lighter enamel over a darker one that serves as the ground.
- (law) A charge that has been omitted from an account as payment of a credit to the charged party[1]
- (law) A penalty for failure to exercise common prudence and skill in the performance of a fiduciary's duties.
- (obsolete) An excessive load or burden.
- 1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Nobility. XIIII.”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC, page 73:
- A Numerous Nobility, cauſet Pouerty, and Inconuenience in a State: For it is a Surcharge of Expence;
- (law, obsolete) The putting, by a commoner, of more animals on the common than he is entitled to.
Derived terms
editTranslations
editaddition of extra charge
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excessive price
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philately: overprint
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
See also
editVerb
editsurcharge (third-person singular simple present surcharges, present participle surcharging, simple past and past participle surcharged)
- To apply a surcharge.
- To overload; to overburden.
- to surcharge an animal or a ship; to surcharge a cannon
- 1593, anonymous author, The Life and Death of Iacke Straw […], Act I:
- My heauy hart I feare will breake in twaine,
Surcharged with a heauie loade of thoughts.
- 1675, John Dryden, Aureng-zebe: A Tragedy. […], London: […] T[homas] N[ewcomb] for Henry Herringman, […], published 1676, →OCLC, Act III, page 33:
- Your head reclin’d, (as hiding grief from view,) / Droops, like a Roſe ſurcharg’d with morning Dew.
- 1820, [Charles Robert Maturin], Melmoth the Wanderer: A Tale. […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Company, and Hurst, Robinson, and Co., […], →OCLC, page 150:
- The threat was soon fulfilled; the evening came on, prematurely darkened by clouds that seemed surcharged with a deluge.
- 1943 March and April, “A British Avalanche Shelter”, in Railway Magazine, page 80:
- The first, on January 1, 1883, was attributed to the overlay becoming surcharged with water, due to insufficient drainage, and causing a slip.
- (law) To overstock; especially, to put more cattle into (e.g. a common) than one has a right to do, or more than the herbage will sustain.
- 1768, William Blackstone, “Of Disturbance”, in Commentaries on the Laws of England, book III (Of Private Wrongs), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 237:
- Another diſturbance of common is by ſurcharging it; or putting more cattle therein than the paſture and herbage will ſuſtain, or the party hath a right to do.
- To show an omission in (an account) for which credit ought to have been given.
- 1599, Samuel Daniel, Musophilus:
- The Idle multitude surcharge their laies
Antonyms
editRelated terms
editTranslations
editto apply a surcharge
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References
edit- “surcharge”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
French
editPronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /syʁ.ʃaʁʒ/
- Homophones: surchargent, surcharges
Audio: (file)
Etymology 1
editNoun
editsurcharge f (plural surcharges)
Etymology 2
editSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
editsurcharge
- inflection of surcharger:
Further reading
edit- “surcharge”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
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- English terms derived from Middle French
- English terms derived from Old French
- English terms prefixed with sur-
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