pulti
Latin
editNoun
editpultī
Lithuanian
editEtymology
editUltimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂peh₃lH-, a compound of *h₂epó (“off, away”) + *h₃elh₁- (“to fall”). Cognate with Latvian pult (“to fall (obsolete)”), Old Prussian aupallai (“finds”); outside of Baltic, compare Proto-Germanic *fallaną (“to fall”) (whence English fall), Ancient Greek ᾰ̓πόλλῡμῐ (apóllūmi, “to destroy, ruin”).[1]
Pronunciation
edit
Verb
editpùlti (third-person present tense púola, third-person past tense púolė)[2]
- (intransitive) to fall
- (intransitive) to fall (about accent)
- (intransitive, figuratively) to be fallen
- (intransitive, figuratively) to fall (temperature, price etc.)
- (transitive) to attack, to assault (apply violent force to someone or something)[3]
- (intransitive, transitive) to attack (about sickness)
Conjugation
editConjugation of pulti
| singular (vienaskaita) |
plural (daugiskaita) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person (pirmasis asmuo) |
2nd person (antrasis asmuo) |
3rd person (trečiasis asmuo) |
1st person (pirmasis asmuo) |
2nd person (antrasis asmuo) |
3rd person (trečiasis asmuo) | |||
| aš | tu | jis/ji | mes | jūs | jie/jos | |||
| indicative (tiesioginė nuosaka) |
present (esamasis laikas) |
puolu | puoli | puola | puolame, puolam |
puolate, puolat |
puola | |
| past (būtasis kartinis laikas) |
puoliau | puolei | puolė | puolėme, puolėm |
puolėte, puolėt |
puolė | ||
| past frequentative (būtasis dažninis laikas) |
puldavau | puldavai | puldavo | puldavome, puldavom |
puldavote, puldavot |
puldavo | ||
| future (būsimasis laikas) |
pulsiu | pulsi | puls | pulsime, pulsim |
pulsite, pulsit |
puls | ||
| subjunctive (tariamoji nuosaka) |
pulčiau | pultum | pultų | pultumėme, pultumėm, pultume |
pultumėte, pultumėt |
pultų | ||
| imperative (liepiamoji nuosaka) |
— | pulk, pulki |
tepuola | pulkime, pulkim |
pulkite, pulkit |
tepuola | ||
Participles of pulti
| Adjectival (dalyviai) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| active | passive | ||
| present | puoląs, puolantis | puolamas | |
| past | puolęs | pultas | |
| past frequentative | puldavęs | — | |
| future | pulsiąs, pulsiantis | pulsimas | |
| participle of necessity | — | pultinas | |
| Adverbial | |||
| special (pusdalyvis) | puldamas | ||
| half-participle (padalyviai) |
present | puolant | |
| past | puolus | ||
| past frequentative | puldavus | ||
| future | pulsiant | ||
| manner of action (būdinys) | pulte, pultinai | ||
Synonyms
editDerived terms
editprefixed forms of pulti
See also
edit- (#2): tvirtaprãdė príegaidė
- (#3): gèsti (geñda, gẽdo), tvirkti
Participle
editpultì m (past passive)
References
edit- ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “pulti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 372
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 “pulti” in Balčikonis, Juozas et al. (1954), Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas. Vilnius: Valstybinė politinės ir mokslinės literatūros leidykla.
- ^ “pulti” in Martsinkyavitshute, Victoria (1993), Hippocrene Concise Dictionary: Lithuanian-English/English-Lithuanian. New York: Hippocrene Books. →ISBN