Old Irish

edit

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Celtic *madyeti (to break), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂d- (to drip, ooze; grease, fat), though the semantic connection is difficult.[1] The reduplicated preterite and future stems in meb- /mʲev-/ are dissimilated from mem- /mʲeṽ-/.

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

maidid (conjunct ·maid, ·maith or ·moith, verbal noun maidm)

  1. (intransitive) to break, to burst
    • c. 700–800 Táin Bó Cúailnge, published in Táin Bó Cúailnge. Recension I (1976, Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Cecile O'Rahilly, TBC-I 3617
      Do·lotar do fásguba[e] fairseom ó Medb co roimsitis a fuile fair []
      [The handmaidens] came to [Cú Chulainn] from Medb to falsely lament over him so that his wounds would burst open [by enraging him]...
  2. (impersonal, with + the person defeating and/or for + the person being defeated) to defeat, to rout
    • c. 750-800 Tairired na nDessi from Rawlinson B 502, published in "The Expulsion of the Dessi", Y Cymmrodor (1901, Society of Cymmrodorion), edited and with translations by Kuno Meyer, vol. 14, pp. 104-135, paragraph 5
      Do·bert Cormac sluago forsna Déisse ⁊ ro·mebdatar secht catha for(th)u ria n-Óengus co maccaib a bráthar .i. Russ ⁊ Eogan.
      Cormac sent hosts against the Deisi, who were routed after seven battles by Óengus and the sons of his brother, to wit, Russ and Eogan.
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 89c11
      Mani ro{i}ma fora cenn, ní mema forsna bullu.
      If their head is not defeated, the members will not be defeated.
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 51c9
      is in núall do·ngníat hó ru·maith for a náimtea remib
      it is the cry that they make when their enemies are defeated by them

Inflection

edit

Derived terms

edit
edit

Descendants

edit
  • Irish: maígh, maidhm (denominal re-formation from the verbal noun)

Mutation

edit
Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
maidid
also mmaidid after a proclitic
ending in a vowel
maidid
pronounced with /β̃(ʲ)-/
unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

edit
  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 251–52

Further reading

edit