log
|
Translingual
editSymbol
editlog
- (mathematics) logarithm
- if then
Usage notes
editIf not specified, the base of the logarithm is assumed to be either 2, 10, or e, depending on context:
- Base e is most common in professional mathematics.
- Base 10 is typical for many calculators, in the physical sciences, and in secondary school pedagogy.
- Base 2 is frequently used in theoretical computer science but rare outside that field.
Hyponyms
editEnglish
editAlternative forms
editPronunciation
edit- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /lɒɡ/
- (General American) IPA(key): /lɔɡ/
- (cot–caught merger) IPA(key): /lɑɡ/
Audio (US): (file) - Rhymes: -ɒɡ, -ɔːɡ
Etymology 1
editFrom Middle English logg, logge (first recorded in Anglo-Latin as loggum), of uncertain origin,[1] but probably from Old Norse lóg, lág (“felled tree, log”), derived from Old Norse liggja (“to lie”). If so, then cognate with Norwegian låg (“fallen tree”), Dutch loog (“wood, timber, lumber”).
Alternatively, directly from Norwegian låg (“fallen tree”), which could have been borrowed through the Norwegian timber trade.[2] However the Old Norse/Middle Norwegian vowel is long while Middle English vowel is short.[3]
Noun
editlog (plural logs)
- The trunk of a dead tree, cleared of branches.
- They walked across the stream on a fallen log.
- Any bulky piece as cut from the above, used as timber, fuel etc.
- 1995, New American Standard Bible: Matthew 7, 3 - 5[2]:
- Why do you look at the speck that is in your brother's eye, but do not notice the log that is in your own eye? Or how can you say to your brother, "Let me take the speck out of your eye," and behold, the log is in your own eye? You hypocrite, first take the log out of your own eye, and then you will see clearly to take the speck out of your brother's eye.
- A unit of length equivalent to 16 feet, used for measuring timber, especially the trunk of a tree.
- Anything shaped like a log; a cylinder.
- 1999, Glen Duncan, Hope:
- […] it was a thing of sinuous durability, wound around the spirit like a tapeworm around a log of shit.
- 2011, Edward Espe Brown, The Complete Tassajara Cookbook:
- Dip both sides in the sauce on the plate and then arrange a log of cheese filling down the middle of the tortilla.
- (nautical) A floating device, usually of wood, used in navigation to estimate the speed of a vessel through water.
- Hyponyms: chip log, taffrail log
- 1659, Navigation by the Mariners Plain Scale New Plain'd, by John Collins
- Every Noon the Master and his Mates take the reckoning off the Log-board, and double the Knots run, and then divide the Product, which is the number of Miles run by three, the quotient is the Leagues run since the former Noon, and according to custom the Log is thrown every two hours, and I never knew the course nearer expressed on the Log-board, then to half a point of the Compass.
- (figuratively) A blockhead; a very stupid person.
- (surfing slang) A heavy longboard.
- 1999, Neal Miyake [3]
- I know he hadn’t surfed on a log much in his childhood
- 1999, Neal Miyake [3]
- (figuratively) A rolled cake with filling.
- Hyponyms: Swiss roll, Yule log
- (mining) A weight or block near the free end of a hoisting rope to prevent it from being drawn through the sheave.
- (vulgar) A piece of feces.
- (vulgar) A penis.
Derived terms
edit- ants on a log
- as easy as rolling off a log
- backlog
- Christmas log
- drop a log
- Dutchman's log
- easy as falling off a log
- easy as rolling off a log
- flog the log
- hand log
- heave the log
- like a bump on a log
- like falling off a log
- like rolling off a log
- log boat
- log book
- log burner
- log-burner
- log cabin
- log car
- log chip
- log dog
- log drive
- log flume
- logger
- log-glass
- log jam
- log reel
- log ride
- log scaler
- murder log
- nurse log
- patent log
- sawlog
- sleep like a log
Translations
edit
|
|
|
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
|
Verb
editlog (third-person singular simple present logs, present participle logging, simple past and past participle logged)
- (transitive) To cut trees into logs.
- (transitive) To cut down (trees).
- 2013 June 29, “Unspontaneous combustion”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8842, page 29:
- Since the mid-1980s, when Indonesia first began to clear its bountiful forests on an industrial scale in favour of lucrative palm-oil plantations, “haze” has become an almost annual occurrence in South-East Asia. The cheapest way to clear logged woodland is to burn it, producing an acrid cloud of foul white smoke that, carried by the wind, can cover hundreds, or even thousands, of square miles.
- (intransitive) To cut down trees in an area, harvesting and transporting the logs as wood.
Derived terms
editTranslations
editEtymology 2
editFrom logbook, itself from log (above) + book, from a wooden float (chip log, or simply log) used to measure speed.
Noun
editlog (plural logs)
- A logbook, or journal of a vessel's (or aircraft's) progress.
- 1881–1882, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island, London, Paris: Cassell & Company, published 14 November 1883, →OCLC:
- The captain sat down to his log, and here is the beginning of the entry:...
- 2023 November 15, Prof. Jim Wild, “This train was delayed because of bad weather in space”, in RAIL, number 996, page 30:
- The scientific instruments of the day recorded rapid fluctuations in the Earth's magnetic field, as powerful electrical currents flowed through the upper atmosphere. Ships' logs noted observations of the northern lights as far south as the Caribbean, and telegraph systems across the world were disrupted as electrical currents were induced in the copper lines.
- A chronological record of actions, performances, computer/network usage, etc.
- (computer science) Specifically, an append-only sequence of records written to file.
Derived terms
editTranslations
edit
|
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Verb
editlog (third-person singular simple present logs, present participle logging, simple past and past participle logged)
- (transitive) To make, to add an entry (or more) in a log or logbook.
- to log the miles travelled by a ship
- (transitive) To travel (a distance) as shown in a logbook.
- (transitive) To travel at a specified speed, as ascertained by a chip log.
Derived terms
editTranslations
edit
|
Etymology 3
editVerb
editlog (third-person singular simple present logs, present participle logging, simple past and past participle logged)
- (obsolete) To move to and fro; to rock.
Etymology 4
editNoun
editlog (plural logs)
- (historical units of measure) A Hebrew unit of liquid volume (about 1⁄3 liter).
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Leviticus 14:10:
- ...and one log of oil...
- 1902, Jewish Encyclopedia, s.v. "Weights and Measures":
- In the Hebrew system the log (Lev. xiv. 10) corresponds to the mina. Since the Hellenistic writers equate the log with the Græco-Roman sextarius, whatever these writers say on the relation of the sextarius to other measures applies also to the relation of these measures to the log. The log and the sextarius, however, are not equal in capacity. The sextarius is estimated at .547 liter, while there is no reason to regard the log as larger than the Babylonian mina, especially as other references of the Greek metrologists support the assumption that the log was equal to the mina. The fact that in the Old Testament the log is mentioned only as a fluid measure may be merely accidental, for the dry measures, which are distinguished in all other cases from the liquid measures, also have the log as their unit. The corresponding dry measure may, however, have been known under a different name.
Meronyms
editEtymology 5
editNoun
editlog (plural logs)
- Synonym of logarithm.
- To multiply two numbers, add their logs.
- (sciences) A difference of one in the logarithm, usually in base 10; an order of magnitude.
- 1978, F. J. Silverblatt, I. Ofek, “Influence of Pili on the Virulence of Proteus mirabilis in Experimental Hematogenous Pyelonephritis”, in The Journal of Infectious Diseases, volume 138, number 5, :
- During the first 24 hr, however, titers of the lightly piliated organisms in the kidney increased by 4 logs, whereas the heavily piliated P. mirabilis were virtually all eliminated.
Derived terms
editSee also
editReferences
edit- ^ T. F. Hoad. "log." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology
- ^ The template Template:R:CDOE does not use the parameter(s):
1=log
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.Elliott K. Dobbie, C. William Dunmore, Robert K. Barnhart, et al. (editors), Chambers Dictionary of Etymology (Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, 2004 [1998], →ISBN), p. 607. - ^ https://blog.oup.com/2018/06/etymology-gleanings-may-2018-part-2/
- “log”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- "Weights and Measures" at Oxford Biblical Studies Online
Anagrams
editAlbanian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Albanian *lēga, from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ- (“to put down, lie down”). Compare Old Frisian lōch, Dutch oorlog (“war”), Middle High German urlage (“fate, battle”), Old English log (“place”), Old Norse løgi (“tranquillity”), Greek λόχος (lóchos, “confinement”), Tocharian A lake, Tocharian B leke (“lair”), Old Irish lige (“bad, grave”). Alternatively derived from Proto-Slavic *lǫgъ, compare Serbo-Croatian lug, Bulgarian лъг (lǎg).[1][2]
Pronunciation
editNoun
editlog m (plural logje, definite logu, definite plural logjet)
Declension
editRelated terms
editReferences
edit- ^ Omari, Anila (2012) “log”, in Marrëdhëniet Gjuhësore Shqiptaro-Serbe, Tirana, Albania: Krishtalina KH, page 185
- ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “log”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 230
Further reading
edit- “log”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language][4] (in Albanian), 1980
- “log”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
- Mann, S. E. (1948) “log”, in An Historical Albanian–English Dictionary, London: Longmans, Green & Co., page 250
Dutch
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editCognates may include English log, lag, Middle High German luggich (“slow”).
Adjective
editlog (comparative logger, superlative logst)
- lumbering, inert, slow in movement; immobile
- (originally) plumb, (too) heavy in built and/or weight
- cumbersome, hard to move or change
- dull, uninspired
Declension
editDeclension of log | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
uninflected | log | |||
inflected | logge | |||
comparative | logger | |||
positive | comparative | superlative | ||
predicative/adverbial | log | logger | het logst het logste | |
indefinite | m./f. sing. | logge | loggere | logste |
n. sing. | log | logger | logste | |
plural | logge | loggere | logste | |
definite | logge | loggere | logste | |
partitive | logs | loggers | — |
Derived terms
editEtymology 2
editCognate with liegen (“to (tell a) lie”), German lügen. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Noun
editlog n (uncountable)
Derived terms
editEtymology 3
editBorrowed from German Loch (“hole, opening, cavity”).
Noun
editlog n (plural loggen)
Derived terms
editEtymology 4
editFrom English log (see above), sense (and short for) chip log.
Noun
editlog m (plural loggen, diminutive logje n)
- A chip log, instrument to measure a vessel's speed
- Synonym: logplankje
Derived terms
edit- handlog
- leklog
- logboek n (perhaps from English logbook)
- loggekas
- loggen
- logglas
- loglijn, loglijnknoop
- logmerk
- logplankje
- logrol
- logschuitje
- logtafel
- patentlog
Etymology 5
editFrom logboek.
Noun
editlog n (plural loggen, diminutive logje n)
Etymology 6
editNoun
editlog n or m (plural logs, diminutive logje n)
German
editPronunciation
editVerb
editlog
Irish
editEtymology
editFrom Old Irish loc (“place; hollow, pit, ditch; burial place, grave”), possibly from Latin locus.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editlog m or f (genitive singular loig or loige, nominative plural loig)
Declension
edit- Alternative declension
Bare forms
|
Forms with the definite article
|
Derived terms
editDescendants
editFurther reading
edit- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “log”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 loc”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Lombard
editEtymology
editNoun
editlog
- (Old Lombard) a place
Norwegian Nynorsk
editEtymology 1
editFrom Old Norse lǫgr (“lake, liquid”),[1] from Proto-Germanic *laguz, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“pond, pool”). Cognates include Latin lacus and Scottish Gaelic loch.
Alternative forms
editPronunciation
editNoun
editlog m (definite singular logen, indefinite plural logar, definite plural logane)
- a fluid used in the boiling of plant material
- (in place names) a body of water, usually a river or lake
Synonyms
editDerived terms
editRelated terms
edit- låg (Norwegian Bokmål)
Etymology 2
editFrom Old Norse lǫg, neuter plural nominative and accusative of lag. Akin to English law.
Alternative forms
editPronunciation
editNoun
editlog f (definite singular logi, indefinite plural loger, definite plural logene)
- Archaic form of lov (“law”).
- 1894, Log um sams normaltid fyr kongeriket Norig [Law about standard time in the Kingdom of Norway] (Wikipedia)
- §2 Naar normaltid etter denne logi er innførd, og det daa maatte visa seg trong til aa byta um noko klokkeslætte, som er nemnt i eldre loger, skal kongen kunne taka avgjerd um slikt umbyte fyr det heile land elder fyr einskilde landsluter.
- §2 If when, standard time is introduced according to this law, there be need to change some times mentioned in older laws, the king shall decide on such a change for all the land, or for a specific province.
- 1894, Log um sams normaltid fyr kongeriket Norig [Law about standard time in the Kingdom of Norway] (Wikipedia)
Etymology 3
editSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editlog
- imperative of loga
Etymology 4
editSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editlog
References
editAnagrams
editOld English
editAlternative forms
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Proto-Germanic *lōgą (“site, situation, camp”), from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ- (“to be situated, lie”). Cognate with Old Frisian lōch (“place, locality”), Old High German luog (“cave, den, cubicle”), Old Norse lóg (“place”). The Indo-European root is also the source of Greek λέκτρον (léktron), Latin lectus (“bed”), Albanian log (“place for men, gathering”), Proto-Celtic *legeti (Old Irish lige, Irish luí), Proto-Slavic *ležati (Russian лежа́ть (ležátʹ)).
Noun
editlōg n
Declension
editDerived terms
editRelated terms
editDescendants
editEtymology 2
editInflected forms.
Verb
editlōg
Serbo-Croatian
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *logъ.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editlȏg m (Cyrillic spelling ло̑г)
Declension
editReferences
edit- “log” in Hrvatski jezični portal
Slovene
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Slavic *lǫgъ.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editlọ̑g m inan
Inflection
editMasculine inan., hard o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | lóg | ||
gen. sing. | lóga | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative (imenovȃlnik) |
lóg | lóga | lógi |
genitive (rodȋlnik) |
lóga | lógov | lógov |
dative (dajȃlnik) |
lógu | lógoma | lógom |
accusative (tožȋlnik) |
lóg | lóga | lóge |
locative (mẹ̑stnik) |
lógu | lógih | lógih |
instrumental (orọ̑dnik) |
lógom | lógoma | lógi |
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Further reading
edit- “log”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
- “log”, in Termania, Amebis
- See also the general references
Swedish
editVerb
editlog
- past indicative of le
Anagrams
editVolapük
editEtymology
editCompound of French le and German Auge.
Noun
editlog (nominative plural logs)
- (anatomy) eye
- 1952, Arie de Jong, Diatek nulik: Gospul ma ‚Matthaeus’. Kapit: VI:
- Log binon lampad koapa.
- The lamp of the body is the eye.
Declension
editDerived terms
editWhite Hmong
editEtymology
editFrom Thai ล้อ (lɔ́ɔ) ("wheel") + or from Lao ລໍ້ (lǭ) ("wheel"), ultimately from Middle Chinese 轆 (luk̚) ("wheel").
Pronunciation
editNoun
editlog
- CJK Compatibility block
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- mul:Mathematics
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/ɒɡ
- Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable
- Rhymes:English/ɔːɡ
- Rhymes:English/ɔːɡ/1 syllable
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms with unknown etymologies
- English terms derived from Old Norse
- English terms borrowed from Norwegian
- English terms derived from Norwegian
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with usage examples
- English terms with quotations
- en:Nautical
- en:Surfing
- English slang
- en:Mining
- English vulgarities
- English verbs
- English transitive verbs
- English intransitive verbs
- en:Computer science
- English terms with obsolete senses
- English terms derived from Hebrew
- English terms with historical senses
- en:Functions
- en:Sciences
- English clippings
- en:Woods
- Albanian terms inherited from Proto-Albanian
- Albanian terms derived from Proto-Albanian
- Albanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Albanian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Albanian 1-syllable words
- Albanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Albanian/ɔɡ
- Rhymes:Albanian/ɔɡ/1 syllable
- Rhymes:Albanian/oɡ
- Rhymes:Albanian/oɡ/1 syllable
- Albanian lemmas
- Albanian nouns
- Albanian masculine nouns
- Albanian terms with archaic senses
- Gheg Albanian
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɔx
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɔx/1 syllable
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch adjectives
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch uncountable nouns
- Dutch neuter nouns
- Dutch terms with obsolete senses
- Dutch terms borrowed from German
- Dutch terms derived from German
- Dutch nouns with plural in -en
- Dutch terms derived from English
- Dutch masculine nouns
- nl:Computing
- Dutch nouns with plural in -s
- Dutch nouns with multiple genders
- nl:Internet
- German 1-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German non-lemma forms
- German verb forms
- Irish terms inherited from Old Irish
- Irish terms derived from Old Irish
- Irish terms derived from Latin
- Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Irish terms with homophones
- Irish lemmas
- Irish nouns
- Irish masculine nouns
- Irish feminine nouns
- Irish nouns with multiple genders
- Irish literary terms
- Irish first-declension nouns
- Irish second-declension nouns
- Lombard terms inherited from Latin
- Lombard terms derived from Latin
- Lombard lemmas
- Lombard nouns
- Old Lombard
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms with IPA pronunciation
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms with homophones
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk masculine nouns
- nn:Agriculture
- nn:Brewing
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *legʰ-
- Norwegian Nynorsk feminine nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk archaic forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms with quotations
- Norwegian Nynorsk non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk verb forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk obsolete verb forms
- nn:Liquids
- Old English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old English lemmas
- Old English nouns
- Old English neuter nouns
- Old English terms with usage examples
- Old English neuter a-stem nouns
- Old English non-lemma forms
- Old English verb forms
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns
- Serbo-Croatian terms with archaic senses
- sh:Furniture
- sh:Sleep
- Slovene terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Slovene terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Slovene 1-syllable words
- Slovene terms with IPA pronunciation
- Slovene lemmas
- Slovene nouns
- Slovene masculine inanimate nouns
- Slovene masculine nouns
- Slovene inanimate nouns
- Slovene masculine hard o-stem nouns
- sl:Forests
- Swedish non-lemma forms
- Swedish verb forms
- Volapük terms derived from French
- Volapük terms derived from German
- Volapük lemmas
- Volapük nouns
- vo:Anatomy
- Volapük terms with quotations
- White Hmong terms borrowed from Thai
- White Hmong terms derived from Thai
- White Hmong terms borrowed from Lao
- White Hmong terms derived from Lao
- White Hmong terms derived from Middle Chinese
- White Hmong terms with IPA pronunciation
- White Hmong lemmas
- White Hmong nouns