gerti

Lithuanian

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gerˀtei (“devour, lap up”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerh₃- (“to devour”);^[1] compare Latvian dzer̂t (“drink”), Proto-Slavic *žèrti (“to devour, glut”) (Old Church Slavonic пожрѣти, пожьрѫ (požrěti, požĭrǫ, “swallow, devour”), Polish żreć (“eat greedily”), Russian demotic нажраться (nažratʹsja, “to eat a lot; get drunk”)), Sanskrit गिरति (giráti, “devour”), Ancient Greek βιβρώσκω (bibrṓskō, “eat up”), Latin vorō (“devour, swallow”).

The present tense stem of the Slavic words < *gir- comes from the zero-grade of the root; compare girti (“get drunk”), girtas (“drunk”). See also gurklỹs (“craw, throat”) and gerklė (“throat”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈɡʲɛrʲ.tʲɪ]

Verb

gérti (third-person present tense gẽria, third-person past tense gė́rė)

drink (consume liquid to quench thirst)
Jìs nóri gérti alaũs ― He wants to drink some beer
drink (of alcoholic beverages), booze
Synonym: girtauti
soak up, absorb
Synonyms: traukti, siurbti, skverbtis, sunktis

Kempìnė gẽria vándenį ― The sponge soaks up water

Conjugation

Conjugation of gerti

		singular (vienaskaita)			plural (daugiskaita)
		1^st person (pirmasis asmuo)	2^nd person (antrasis asmuo)	3^rd person (trečiasis asmuo)	1^st person (pirmasis asmuo)	2^nd person (antrasis asmuo)	3^rd person (trečiasis asmuo)
		aš	tu	jis/ji	mes	jūs	jie/jos
indicative (tiesioginė nuosaka)	present (esamasis laikas)	geriù	gerì	gẽria	gẽriame, gẽriam	gẽriate, gẽriat	gẽria
	past (būtasis kartinis laikas)	gė́riau	gė́rei	gė́rė	gė́rėme, gẽriom	gė́rėte, gẽriot	gė́rė
	past frequentative (būtasis dažninis laikas)	gérdavau	gérdavai	gérdavo	gérdavome, gérdavom	gérdavote, gérdavot	gérdavo
	future (būsimasis laikas)	gérsiu	gérsi	gérs	gérsime, gérsim	gérsite, gérsit	gérs
subjunctive (tariamoji nuosaka)		gérčiau	gértum	gértų	gértumėme, gértumėm, gértume	gértumėte, gértumėt	gértų
imperative (liepiamoji nuosaka)		—	gérk, gérki	tegẽria	gérkime, gérkim	gérkite, gérkit	tegẽria

Participles of gerti

Adjectival (dalyviai)
		active	passive
present		gẽriąs, gẽriantis	gẽriamas
past		gė́ręs	gértas
past frequentative		gérdavęs	—
future		gérsiąs, gérsiantis	gérsimas
participle of necessity		—	gértinas
Adverbial
special (pusdalyvis)		gérdamas
half-participle (padalyviai)	present	gẽriant
	past	gė́rus
	past frequentative	gérdavus
	future	gérsiant
manner of action (būdinys)		gérte, gértinai

Derived terms

terms derived from gerti

prefixed forms of gerti

Related terms

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “gerti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 172

[1] Derksen, Rick (2015) “gerti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 172

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