etc.
English
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Middle English et cetera, etc., from Latin etc., an abbreviation of et cetera (“and the rest [of the things]; and the other things”).
Pronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /ˌɛt ˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/, /ɪt ˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/, (see usage notes) /ˌɛkˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/, /ɪkˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/
Audio (US): (file)
Phrase
editetc.
- And so on: used to note that the rest of a list or piece of information has been left out on the assumption that it is similar or already known.
- Synonym: asf
- The grocery shop sells cucumbers, lettuce, radishes, etc.
- The plagiarism was painfully obvious: "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times," etc.
Usage notes
edit- "Etc." is typically read out as the full Latin phrase et cetera rather than as letters (as with "i.e.") or as a contraction (as with "et seq."). It is, however, sometimes read out as its English calque and so on (as with "e.g.").
- In Latin, et cetera refers solely to other things. It is therefore properly avoided in lists of people, where "et al." (that is, et alii) is used instead. "Et al." is thus sometimes sharply distinguished from "etc." in English, although the same abbreviation can also stand for the Latin et alia, which is a synonym of "etc."
- Because "etc." effectively makes a list exhaustive, it is properly avoided when using other abbreviations (such as "e.g." and "viz.") that offer partial examples. If the "etc." is desired, "i.e." may be used in their places.
- Some speakers use a /k/ sound in place of the /t/ in the first word. This is usually proscribed and somewhat stigmatized. It is represented in eye dialect as "excetera", "exetera", or "ekcetera".
Synonyms
edit- and so forth
- and so on
- and the rest
- blah blah blah
- et al. (sometimes distinguished: see the usage notes)
- you name it
- … (ellipsis)
Coordinate terms
editTranslations
editand so on — see also and so forth
|
See also
editAnagrams
editDanish
editEtymology
editAdverb
editetc.
Synonyms
editFala
editEtymology
editProbably borrowed from Spanish etc., itself an abbreviation of Latin et cētera.
Adverb
editetc.
- etc. (and the rest; and so forth)
- 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Anexu: Nossa Fala:
- Por siglus, a xienti de capital (rica) i as mismas Instituciós (Iglexiia, Escuelas, Xiusticia, funcionarius, etc.) tiñan a fala cumu algo de ignorantis, atrasaus, vulgariai.
- For centuries, the people from the capital (rich) and the same institutions (Church, Schools, Justice, public servants, etc.) held Fala as something of ignorant people, backward people, vulgarity.
French
editAlternative forms
editPronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /ɛt.se.te.ʁa/, (proscribed) /ɛk.se.te.ʁa/
- (Quebec) IPA(key): /ɛt.se.te.ʁa/, (informal) /ɛt.ʃe.te.ʁa/
Audio: (file) Audio (Switzerland): (file)
Adverb
editetc.
- et cetera (and so on)
Anagrams
editGerman
editAlternative forms
editPronunciation
editAudio: (file)
Adverb
editetc.
Hungarian
editEtymology
editAn abbreviation of Hungarian etcetera, from Latin et cetera (“and the rest [of the things]; and the other things”).
Pronoun
editetc.
Synonyms
editLatin
editAlternative forms
editAdverb
editetc.
Middle English
editPhrase
editetc.
- Alternative form of et cetera
Polish
editPronunciation
editPhrase
editetc.
Related terms
editFurther reading
editPortuguese
editPronunciation
editPhrase
editetc.
Spanish
editAlternative forms
editAdverb
editetc.
- Abbreviation of etcétera.
Swedish
editAlternative forms
edit- (obsolete) &c.
Adverb
editetc.
- Abbreviation of et cetera. Abbreviation of etcetera.
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