chiaus

See also: Chiaus

English

Alternative forms

• Chaoosh, chaoosh, Chaoush, chaoush, chaoux, Chaus, chaus, chaush, chawush, chiaous, chiause, chiaush, Chiauss, chiauss, Chiaux, chiaux, chiaoux, choush, tchaouch, tchaous (obsolete)
• Chiaus

Etymology

First attested c. 1600, from Ottoman Turkish چاوش (çavuş, “messenger, herald, licitor, sergeant”). Cognate with Turkish çavuş, Old Turkic 𐰲𐰉𐰾 (čabïš, “army commander”). Doublet of chouse.

Pronunciation

• enPR: chous, choush, IPA^(key): /t͡ʃaʊs/, /t͡ʃaʊʃ/
• Rhymes: -aʊs, -aʊʃ
• Hyphenation: chiaus

Noun

chiaus (plural chiauses)

1. (historical) An Ottoman Empire court official; an attendant, messenger, herald, interpreter.
2. (historical) An Ottoman Empire çavuş (“sergeant”).
3. Obsolete spelling of chouse (“a swindler”).
   • 1610, Ben Jonson, “The alchemist”, in Charles W. Eliot, editor, Elizabethan Drama, The Harvard classics, volume 47, part 2, New York: P. F. Collier & Son, published 1910, →OCLC, page 552:

        Dap.   And will I tell then! By this hand of flesh,
     Would it might never write good courthand more,
     If discover. What do you think of me,
     That I am a chiaus?
        Face.   What’s that?
        Dap.   The Turk was, here―
     As one would say, do you think I am a Turk?
        Face.   I’ll tell the doctor so.
        Dap.   Do, good sweet captain.

Verb

chiaus (third-person singular simple present chiauses, present participle chiausing, simple past and past participle chiaused)

1. Obsolete spelling of chouse (“cheat, trick, swindle”).
   • 1893, Mynors Bright, Henry Benjamin Wheatley, editors, The diary of Samuel Pepys, for the first time fully transcribed from the shorthand manuscript in the Pepysian library, Magdalene College, Cambridge, volume 5, New York: G. E. Groscup, →OCLC, pages 117–118, note 2:

     The word chouse appears to have been introduced into the language at the beginning of the seventeenth century. In 1609, a Chiaus sent by Sir Robert Shirley, from Constantinople to London, had chiaused (or choused) the Turkish and Persian merchants out of ₤4,000, before the arrival of his employer, and had decamped. The affair was quite recent in 1610, when Jonson's "Alchemist" appeared, in which it is thus alluded to: […]

References

• “chiaus”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
• “chiaus, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
• “chiaus”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
• “chouse”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.