Wiktionary

aut

See also: Aut, AUT, áut, aut', and aut-

Ladin

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Etymology

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From Latin altus.

Adjective

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aut m (feminine singular auta, masculine plural auc, feminine plural autes)

  1. high

Latin

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Etymology

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From Proto-Italic *auti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewti (“on the other hand”), from *h₂ew. Cognate with autem, Ancient Greek αὖ (aû), αὖτε (aûte), αὐτός (autós), αὐτάρ (autár).

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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aut

  1. or
    Aut Caesar aut nihil. ― All or nothing. (literally, “Either a Caesar or a nothing.”)
    Aut disce aut discēde. ― Either you learn, or go away.
    • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 3.16.4:
      nemo tribunos aut plebem timebat
      nobody feared the tribunes or the plebs
    • 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Tobiae.3.19:
      […] et aut ego indigna fuī illīs aut illī mihi forsitan dignī nōn fuērunt.
      […] and either I was unworthy for them, or they perhaps were not worthy for me.
  2. otherwise, or else (a consequence of the condition that the previous is false)
    Accipe nummōs nōnāgintā — aut nūllōs![1]
    Take 90 sesterces — or none at all!
  3. Introduces a correction to the previous words or an afterthought remark.

Usage notes

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  • (or): Equivalent to “either … or” when placed before each coordinated element (“aut … aut”).

Descendants

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  • Aragonese: u
  • Asturian: o
  • Catalan: o
  • Franco-Provençal: ou
  • Italian: o, od (used optionally before words beginning with a vowel)
    • → Sardinian: o
  • Ligurian: ò
  • Mozarabic: או (ʔw)
  • Occitan: o
  • Old French: ou
    • French: ou
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: ou
    • Galician: ou
    • Portuguese: ou
  • Romanian: au
  • Romansch: u
  • Sardinian: a
  • Spanish: o, u (used before words beginning with an ‘o’ sound), ò (archaic), ó (obsolete, used near numbers to avoid confusion with a zero: 2 ó 3)
  • → Esperanto: aŭ
  • → Ido: od, o

References

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  • “aut”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “aut”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • aut in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • twenty years and more: viginti anni et amplius, aut plus
    • geographical knowledge: regionum terrestrium aut maritimarum scientia
  • Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
  1. ^ Oerberg, Hans H. (2011) Lingua Latina per se illustrata. Pars I, Familia Romana‎[1], Newburyport, MA, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 58

Latvian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Balto-Slavic *áutei, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ew-. Cognates include Lithuanian aũti, Proto-Slavic *uti (“to put on”) (> *jьzuti, *obuti), Hittite [script needed] (unu-, “to adorn, decorate, lay (the table)”), Latin *uō (“to put on”) (> exuō, induō).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [àwt]
  • Audio (LV):
    Audio:(file)

Verb

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aut (transitive, 1st conjugation, present aunu, aun, aun / auju, auj, auj, past āvu)

  1. put on footwear (shoes, boots, socks, etc.)
    zēns āva kājas ― the boy put on footwear (lit. on his feet)
    aut kājas pastalās ― to put on pastalas (simple footwear) (lit. to put one's feet into pastalas)
    aut kurpes kājas ― to put on shoes (lit. to put shoes on one's feet)
  2. nosēdos uz akmens un gribēju aut kājas, bet kurpes bija ļoti sabristas — I sat down on a rock and wanted to put shoes on (lit. to put (my) feet (into shoes)), but the shoes were very wet
    Žanis āva kājās stulmeņu zābakus ― Žanis put the long boots on (his) feet
  3. (figuratively, with kājas) to prepare for a journey (lit. to put on footwear)
    un tūliņ ķēniņš aun kājas savu sievu meklēt ― and quickly the king puts on footwear to go looking for his wife

Usage notes

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Note that aut can take two complements, the footwear or the subject's feet. Either can be the direct object, in which case the other will be a locative complement (i.e., either "to put shoes on one's feet" or "to put one's feet into shoes").

Conjugation

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conjugation of aut
INDICATIVE (īstenības izteiksme) IMPERATIVE
(pavēles izteiksme)
Present
(tagadne) 		Past
(pagātne) 		Future
(nākotne)
1st pers. sg. es aunu, auju āvu aušu —
2nd pers. sg. tu aun, auj āvi ausi aun
3rd pers. sg. viņš, viņa aun, auj āva aus lai aun, auj
1st pers. pl. mēs aunam, aujam āvām ausim ausim
2nd pers. pl. jūs aunat, aujat āvāt ausiet,
ausit 		auniet
3rd pers. pl. viņi, viņas aun, auj āva aus lai aun, auj
RENARRATIVE (atstāstījuma izteiksme) PARTICIPLES (divdabji)
Present aunot Present Active 1 (Adj.) aunošs
Past esot āvis Present Active 2 (Adv.) audams
Future aušot Present Active 3 (Adv.) aunot
Imperative lai aunot Present Active 4 (Obj.) aunam
CONDITIONAL (vēlējuma izteiksme) Past Active āvis
Present autu Present Passive aunams
Past būtu āvis Past Passive auts
DEBITIVE (vajadzības izteiksme) NOMINAL FORMS
Indicative (būt) jāaun Infinitive (nenoteiksme) aut
Conjunctive 1 esot jāaun Negative Infinitive neaut
Conjunctive 2 jāaunot Verbal noun aušana

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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prefixed verbs:
other derived terms:
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References

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  • Derksen, Rick (2015) “auti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 73

Middle Welsh

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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aut

  1. second-person singular imperfect indicative of mynet

Occitan

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Latin altus.

Adjective

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aut m (feminine singular auta, masculine plural auts, feminine plural autas)

  1. (Provençal) high
    Antonym: bas

Polish

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Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from English out, from Middle English out, oute, from a combination of Old English ūt, from Proto-Germanic *ūt; and Old English ūte, from Proto-Germanic *ūtai, from Proto-Indo-European *úd. Doublet of wy-.

Noun

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aut m inan

  1. (sports) touch (the part of a field beyond the touchlines or goal lines)
  2. (sports) the situation when the ball goes into touch
Declension
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Declension of aut
singular plural
nominative aut auty
genitive autu autów
dative autowi autom
accusative aut auty
instrumental autem autami
locative aucie autach
vocative aucie auty
Derived terms
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adjective
verbs

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

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aut

  1. genitive plural of auto

Further reading

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  • aut in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • aut in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from English out.

Noun

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aut n (plural auturi)

  1. (soccer) ball out of play

Declension

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singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative-accusative aut autul auturi auturile
genitive-dative aut autului auturi auturilor
vocative autule auturilor

Romansch

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Latin altus.

Adjective

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aut m (feminine singular auta, masculine plural auts, feminine plural autas)

  1. (Rumantsch Grischun) high

Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology

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From English out.

Noun

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aut m (Cyrillic spelling аут)

  1. (sports) sideline marking the edge of a playing field or court, out of bounds line, touchline
  2. (sports) area outside the playing field; touch
  3. (basketball) an instance of a player stepping out of bounds or a ball touching a player while out of bounds
  4. (sports) a throw that puts the ball into play from the sidelines after it has gone out of bounds; throw-in
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