Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/grьměti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *grimēˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰr̥m-eh₁-. Cognate with Lithuanian grumė́ti (“to thunder, to roar”), gruménti (“to roar”), Latvian gremt (“to mutter”), Old Prussian grumins (“thunder”), Proto-Germanic *grimmaną (“to rage”), *gramjaną (“to provoke, anger”), and possibly Ancient Greek χρεμετῐ́ζω (khremetízō, “to neigh”).

Verb

*grьmě̀ti impf (frequentative *grimàti)

1. to thunder, to roar

Inflection

Conjugation of *grьměti, *grьmě, *grьmitь (impf., intr., -ě/i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*grьměnьje	*grьměti	*grьmětъ	*grьmělъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	—	—
Active	*grьměvъ	*grьmę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*grьměxъ	*grьmě	*grьmě	*grьmľǫ	*grьmiši	*grьmitь
Dual	*grьměxově	*grьměsta	*grьměste	*grьmivě	*grьmita	*grьmite
Plural	*grьměxomъ	*grьměste	*grьměšę	*grьmimъ	*grьmite	*grьmętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*grьměaxъ	*grьměaše	*grьměaše	—	*grьmi	*grьmi
Dual	*grьměaxově	*grьměašeta	*grьměašete	*grьmivě	*grьmita	—
Plural	*grьměaxomъ	*grьměašete	*grьměaxǫ	*grьmimъ	*grьmite	—

Related terms

• *gromъ (“thunder”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: грьмѣти (grĭměti), гремѣти (greměti)
    • Belarusian: грыме́ць (hrymjécʹ)
    • Russian: греме́ть (gremétʹ)
    • Ukrainian: гремі́ти (hremíty), гримі́ти (hrymíty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: грьмѣти (grĭměti)

    Glagolitic: ⰳⱃⱐⰿⱑⱅⰻ (grĭměti)

  • Bulgarian: гърмя́ (gǎrmjá)
  • Macedonian: грми (grmi)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: гр̀мљети, гр̀мети

    Latin: gr̀mljeti, gr̀meti

  • Slovene: grmẹ́ti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: hřmieti
    • Czech: hřmít, hřmět
  • Polabian: gramăt
  • Old Polish: grzmieć
    • Polish: grzmieć
  • Slovak: hrmieť
  • Slovincian: grzmjêc

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “греметь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*grьměti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 163
• Šanskij, N. M. (2004) “греметь”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa