-ius
Latin
editPronunciation
edit- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /i.us/, [iʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /i.us/, [ius] (stressed on the antepenult)
Etymology 1
editFrom Old Latin -ios, from Proto-Italic *-jos, from Proto-Indo-European *-yós. Cognate with Ancient Greek -ῐος (-ios).
Suffix
edit-ius (feminine -ia, neuter -ium); first/second-declension suffix
- forming adjectives from nouns
- found as an ending of most Classical Latin 'nomina gentilicia' (family names or surnames, shared by the members of a gens)
- (New Latin) suffix for Latinizing surnames
Usage notes
editThe suffix -ius is added to a noun to form an adjective indicating "made of" or "belonging to" that noun.
- Examples:
In taxonomics,[1] out of analogy with ancient Roman nomina gentilicia, this suffix is added to surnames ending in a consonant other than the ending -er and, sometimes, replacing a mute final -e.
- Examples:
- French Descartes + -ius → Cartesius
- German Leibniz + -ius → Leibnitius
- German Schmalz + -ius → Smalcius
- English Shakespeare + -ius → Shakespeārius
Declension
editFirst/second-declension adjective.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | -ius | -ia | -ium | -iī | -iae | -ia | |
Genitive | -iī | -iae | -iī | -iōrum | -iārum | -iōrum | |
Dative | -iō | -iō | -iīs | ||||
Accusative | -ium | -iam | -ium | -iōs | -iās | -ia | |
Ablative | -iō | -iā | -iō | -iīs | |||
Vocative | -ie | -ia | -ium | -iī | -iae | -ia |
Synonyms
editDerived terms
editReferences
edit- ^ Etymology: The Latinization of Modern Surnames for Species Names (July 29th), 29.07.2014, https://iam-discite.tumblr.com/post/93215833830/etymology-the-latinization-of-modern-surnames-for
- “-ius” on page 986/1 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)
Etymology 2
editSee -ior (suffix forming adjectives’ comparative degrees).
Suffix
edit-ius
Etymology 3
editSee -ō (suffix forming adverbs).
Suffix
edit-ius
Etymology 4
editFrom Proto-Italic *-osjos, itself from Proto-Indo-European *-ósyo (genitive case suffix) secondarily marked with the genitive *-s.
Suffix
edit-ius
- the regular genitive singular suffix for most pronouns
Usage notes
editLike 3d- and 4th-declension, and unlike 1st- and 2nd-declension forms, has one form for all genders. A gendered adjective option also exists for cuius.
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Old Latin
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin lemmas
- Latin suffixes
- Latin adjective-forming suffixes
- Latin first and second declension suffixes
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin suffix forms