阡陌

Chinese

		road leading north and south	raised path; street
simp. and trad. (阡陌)		阡	陌

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qiānmò

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢ ㄇㄛˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cin¹ mak⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qiānmò
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢ ㄇㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cianmò
    • Wade–Giles: chʻien¹-mo⁴
    • Yale: chyān-mwò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chianmoh
    • Palladius: цяньмо (cjanʹmo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ mu̯ɔ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: cin¹ mak⁶
    • Yale: chīn mahk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsin¹ mak⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: qin¹ meg⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiːn⁵⁵ mɐk̚²/

---

• Middle Chinese: tshen maek

Rime
Character	阡	陌
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	先 (85)	陌 (113)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	II
Fanqie	蒼先切	莫白切
Baxter	tshen	maek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰen/	/mˠæk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰen/	/mᵚak̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰɛn/	/mak̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰɛn/	/maɨjk̚/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰen/	/mɐk̚/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰien/	/mɐk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰien/	/mɐk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiān	mò
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cin1	mak6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]ˤi[n]  [m]ˤrak/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sn̥ʰiːn  mbraːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	阡	陌
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qiān	mò
Middle Chinese	‹ tshen ›	‹ mæk ›
Old Chinese	/*[tsʰ]ˁi[n]/	/*[m]ˁrak/
English	N-S path between fields	path between fields
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	阡	陌
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	10795	211
Phonetic component	人	白
Rime group	眞	鐸
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	千	陌
Old Chinese	/*sn̥ʰiːn/	/*mbraːɡ/

Noun

阡陌

1. (literary) crisscross footpaths between fields

   • 一群朋友郊游，我領頭在狹窄的阡陌上走，怎料迎面來了幾頭耕牛，狹道容不下人和牛，終有一方要讓路。 [MSC, trad.]
     一群朋友郊游，我领头在狭窄的阡陌上走，怎料迎面来了几头耕牛，狭道容不下人和牛，终有一方要让路。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 小思 (Xiaosi), 中國的牛 (Chinese Cattle)

     Yī qún péngyou jiāoyóu, wǒ lǐngtóu zài xiázhǎi de qiānmò shàng zǒu, zěnliào yíngmiàn láile jǐ tóu gēngniú, xiádào róngbùxià rén hé niú, zhōng yǒu yīfāng yào rànglù. [Pinyin]

     A group of friends went for an outing and I was leading them through the narrow crisscrossing footpaths between fields. No one would have expected that there would be several oxen in our path and that the path wasn't big enough for both man and ox: in the end, one side would be forced to make way for the other.