芋
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Translingual
editHan character
edit芋 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 廿一木 (TMD) or 難廿一木 (XTMD), four-corner 44401, composition ⿱艹于)
Derived characters
editReferences
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1018, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30670
- Dae Jaweon: page 1476, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3174, character 3
- Unihan data for U+828B
Chinese
edittrad. | 芋 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 芋 | |
alternative forms | 芌 |
Glyph origin
editOld Chinese | |
---|---|
侉 | *qaːls |
夸 | *kʰʷraː |
姱 | *kʰʷraː |
胯 | *kʰʷraː, *kʰʷraːs, *kʰʷaːs |
跨 | *kʰʷraː, *kʰʷraːʔ, *kʰʷraːs, *kʰʷaːs |
誇 | *kʰʷraː |
垮 | *kʰʷraːʔ |
銙 | *kʰʷraːʔ |
骻 | *kʰʷraːʔ |
咵 | *kʰʷraːʔ |
釫 | *ɢʷraː, *qʷaː |
摦 | *ɡʷraːs |
鮬 | *pɢʷaː, *kʰʷaː |
嶀 | *qʰʷl'aː |
扝 | *kʰʷaː, *qʷaː |
刳 | *kʰʷaː |
郀 | *kʰʷaː |
挎 | *kʰʷaː |
袴 | *kʰʷaːs |
絝 | *kʰʷaːs |
褲 | *kʰʷaːs |
恗 | *qʰaː |
洿 | *ɡʷaːʔ, *qʷaː |
瓠 | *ɡʷlaː, *ɡʷlaːs |
鄠 | *ɢʷlaːʔ |
污 | *qʷaː, *qʷaːs |
杇 | *qʷaː |
圬 | *qʷaː |
鴮 | *qʷaː |
盓 | *qʷaː |
汙 | *qʷaːs, *ɢʷa |
樗 | *qʰʷl'a |
摴 | *qʰʷl'a |
荂 | *pqʰʷa, *qʰʷa |
雩 | *qʰʷla, *ɢʷla |
吁 | *qʰʷa, *ɢʷas |
盱 | *qʰʷa |
訏 | *qʰʷa |
扜 | *qʰʷa, *qʷa |
旴 | *qʰʷa |
冔 | *qʰʷaʔ |
紆 | *qʷa |
陓 | *qʷa |
迂 | *qʷa, *qʷaʔ, *ɢʷa |
虶 | *qʷa |
于 | *ɢʷa |
盂 | *ɢʷa |
竽 | *ɢʷa |
邘 | *ɢʷa |
玗 | *ɢʷa |
芋 | *ɢʷa, *ɢʷas |
杅 | *ɢʷa |
釪 | *ɢʷa |
骬 | *ɢʷa |
謣 | *ɢʷla |
宇 | *ɢʷaʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ɢʷa, *ɢʷas) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 于 (OC *ɢʷa) – taro.
Etymology 1
editUnclear. Shuowen suggests that the word arises from the startling size of the taro, leading Kai Xu to connect it to 吁 (OC *qʰʷa), which is the sound that one makes when one is startled. However, this seems to be folk etymology.
Compare Proto-Hmong-Mien *wouH (“taro”), Burmese ဝ (wa., “elephant foot yam”), Tibetan གྲོ་མ (gro ma, “Argentina anserina (syn. Potentilla anserina), a plant with small edible tubers”). There are various theories on how all these words are related:
- Schuessler (2007) considers it to be an areal word, comparing it to the Hmong-Mien and Burmese words. Schuessler (2015) does not consider the Tibetan word to be cognate.
- Blench (2012) suggests that the Chinese word is borrowed from Proto-Hmong-Mien and that the Burmese word may be a late loan from Old Chinese.
- STEDT reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-rwa (“taro; yam; tuber”), whence the Tibetan word. This etymon is regarded as allofamically related this word and 薯 (OC *djas).
- Gong Hwang-cherng (2002) and Baxter and Sagart (2017) also suggest that this word is related to the Tibetan word.
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yu4
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): y5
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): y3
- Northern Min (KCR): ṳ̄
- Eastern Min (BUC): uô
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6yu
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): y5
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄩˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yù
- Wade–Giles: yü4
- Yale: yù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuh
- Palladius: юй (juj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /y⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: yu4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: y
- Sinological IPA (key): /y²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: wu6
- Yale: wuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: wu6
- Guangdong Romanization: wu6
- Sinological IPA (key): /wuː²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: vu4
- Sinological IPA (key): /vu²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: y5
- Sinological IPA (key): /y¹¹/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vu
- Hakka Romanization System: vu
- Hagfa Pinyim: vu4
- Sinological IPA: /vu⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: y3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /y⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ṳ̄
- Sinological IPA (key): /y⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: uô
- Sinological IPA (key): /uɔ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Hsinchu, Sanxia, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong, Singapore, Philippines)
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ǒ͘
- Tâi-lô: ǒo
- IPA (Lukang): /ɔ³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ī
- Tâi-lô: ī
- Phofsit Daibuun: i
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /i²²/
- ō͘/ǒ͘ - vernacular;
- ū/ī - literary.
- Middle Chinese: hjuH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷ(r)a-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷas/
Definitions
edit芋
Synonyms
editCompounds
edit- 凍芋/冻芋
- 君子芋
- 土芋
- 姑婆芋 (gūpóyù)
- 姜芋
- 山芋 (shānyù)
- 山芋荷
- 岷下芋
- 彩葉芋/彩叶芋
- 栗芋
- 水芋仔
- 洋芋 (yángyù)
- 洋芋片 (yángyùpiàn)
- 海芋
- 烏芋/乌芋 (wūyù)
- 煨芋
- 燙手山芋/烫手山芋 (tàngshǒu shānyù)
- 瓜疇芋區/瓜畴芋区
- 生水芋頭/生水芋头
- 番芋 (fānyù)
- 白芋
- 竹芋
- 老芋仔
- 芋仔
- 芋仔冰
- 芋冰
- 芋卵
- 芋圓/芋圆 (yùyuán)
- 芋奶
- 芋妳
- 芋子
- 芋栗
- 芋母
- 芋泥 (yùní)
- 芋渠
- 芋火
- 芋稈/芋秆
- 芋粄
- 芋粿 (yùguǒ)
- 芋粿曲
- 芋艿 (yùnǎi)
- 芒芋
- 芋莖/芋茎
- 芋荷
- 芋荷形
- 芋角 (yùjiǎo)
- 芋郎
- 芋郎君
- 芋頭/芋头 (yùtou)
- 芋頭糕/芋头糕 (yùtougāo)
- 芋頭酥/芋头酥
- 芋餅/芋饼
- 芋魁
- 芋魁豆飯/芋魁豆饭
- 芋魁飯豆/芋魁饭豆
- 芭蕉芋
- 荔芋 (lìyù)
- 茵芋
- 菊芋 (júyù)
- 蓒芋
- 藷芋/薯芋
- 軒芋/轩芋
- 野芋
- 雀芋
- 鬼芋
- 魔芋 (móyù)
- 鸇芋/鹯芋
- 龜背芋/龟背芋
Etymology 2
editPronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄩˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yú
- Wade–Giles: yü2
- Yale: yú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yu
- Palladius: юй (juj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /y³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: hju
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷa/
Definitions
edit芋
Etymology 3
editPronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄩ
- Tongyong Pinyin: syu
- Wade–Giles: hsü1
- Yale: syū
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiu
- Palladius: сюй (sjuj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕy⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
edit芋
Etymology 4
editPronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄩˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yǔ
- Wade–Giles: yü3
- Yale: yǔ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeu
- Palladius: юй (juj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /y²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
edit芋
Japanese
editKanji
editReadings
editEtymology
editKanji in this term |
---|
芋 |
いも Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 芋 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 芋, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Korean
editEtymology 1
editFrom Middle Chinese 芋 (MC hjuH). Recorded as Middle Korean 芌/우〯 (wǔ) (Yale: wu) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
editCompounds
editEtymology 2
editHanja
editReferences
edit- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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