तेजते

Sanskrit

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)teyg- (“to be sharp”). Cognate with Hittite [script needed] (tekan, “hoe”), Ancient Greek στίζω (stízō), Old Persian 𐎫𐎥𐎼 (tigra, “sharp”), Persian (tiz, “sharp”), German stechen (“to poke”), English stick.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /tɐ́j.d͡ʑɐ.tɐj/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈt̪eː.d͡ʑɐ.t̪eː/

Verb

तेजते • (téjate) third-singular indicative (class 1, type A, present, root तिज्)

to be or become sharp
to energize, activate

Conjugation

Present: तेजते (téjate)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	- -	- -	- -	तेजते téjate	तेजेते téjete	तेजन्ते téjante
Second	- -	- -	- -	तेजसे téjase	तेजेथे téjethe	तेजध्वे téjadhve
First	- -	- -	- -	तेजे téje	तेजावहे téjāvahe	तेजामहे téjāmahe
Imperative
Third	- -	- -	- -	तेजताम् téjatām	तेजेताम् téjetām	तेजन्ताम् téjantām
Second	- -	- -	- -	तेजस्व téjasva	तेजेथाम् téjethām	तेजध्वम् téjadhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	तेजै téjai	तेजावहै téjāvahai	तेजामहै téjāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	- -	- -	- -	तेजेत téjeta	तेजेयाताम् téjeyātām	तेजेरन् téjeran
Second	- -	- -	- -	तेजेथाः téjethāḥ	तेजेयाथाम् téjeyāthām	तेजेध्वम् téjedhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	तेजेय téjeya	तेजेवहि téjevahi	तेजेमहि téjemahi
Subjunctive
Third	- -	- -	- -	तेजाते / तेजातै téjāte / téjātai	तेजैते téjaite	तेजन्त / तेजान्तै téjanta / téjāntai
Second	- -	- -	- -	तेजासे / तेजासै téjāse / téjāsai	तेजैथे téjaithe	तेजाध्वै téjādhvai
First	- -	- -	- -	तेजै téjai	तेजावहै téjāvahai	तेजामहै téjāmahai
Participles
	- -			तेजमान téjamāna
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit.

Imperfect: अतेजत (átejata)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	- -	- -	- -	अतेजत átejata	अतेजेताम् átejetām	अतेजन्त átejanta
Second	- -	- -	- -	अतेजथाः átejathāḥ	अतेजेथाम् átejethām	अतेजध्वम् átejadhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	अतेजे áteje	अतेजावहि átejāvahi	अतेजामहि átejāmahi

Related terms

तिक्त (tikta, “pungency, bitter taste”)
तिग्म (tigma, “sharp, pointed”)
तेजस् (tejas, “sharp edge of a knife”)
तेज (teja, “sharpness”)
तीक्ष्ण (tīkṣṇa, “sharp, hot, keen”)

Descendants

Pali: tejati
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀢𑁂𑀅𑀇 (teaï, “sharpens”)
- Prakrit: 𑀢𑁂𑀅𑀯𑀇 (teavaï, “burns, shines”)
  - Marathi: तेवणे (tevṇe, “to heat up”)

References

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “tḗjatē”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
Monier Williams (1899) “तेजते”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 446.