زال

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ز و ل (z w l)
7 terms

Verb

زَالَ • (zāla) I (non-past يَزُولُ (yazūlu), verbal noun زَوَال (zawāl))

to go away, withdraw [with عَن (ʕan) or مِن (min) ‘from somewhere’]
to leave, abandon [with عَن (ʕan) or مِن (min) ‘something’]
to disappear
to die down
عَلَى نِطَاقٍ وَقْتِيٍّ فَلَكِيٍّ، النُّجُومُ مِثْلُ شَمْسِنَا سَتَزُولُ فِي وَقْتٍ قَصِيرٍ.
ʕalā niṭāqin waqtiyyin falakiyyin, an-nujūmu miṯlu šamsinā satazūlu fī waqtin qaṣīrin.
On an astronomical timescale, stars like our sun will die down in a short time.

Conjugation

Conjugation of زَالَ (I, hollow, a ~ u, impersonal passive, verbal noun زَوَال)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					زَوَال zawāl
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					زَائِل zāʔil
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَزُول mazūl
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	زُلْتُ zultu	زُلْتَ zulta	زَالَ zāla	زُلْتُمَا zultumā	زَالَا zālā	زُلْنَا zulnā	زُلْتُمْ zultum	زَالُوا zālū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	زُلْتُ zultu	زُلْتِ zulti	زَالَتْ zālat	زُلْتُمَا zultumā	زَالَتَا zālatā	زُلْنَا zulnā	زُلْتُنَّ zultunna	زُلْنَ zulna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَزُولُ ʔazūlu	تَزُولُ tazūlu	يَزُولُ yazūlu	تَزُولَانِ tazūlāni	يَزُولَانِ yazūlāni	نَزُولُ nazūlu	تَزُولُونَ tazūlūna	يَزُولُونَ yazūlūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَزُولُ ʔazūlu	تَزُولِينَ tazūlīna	تَزُولُ tazūlu	تَزُولَانِ tazūlāni	تَزُولَانِ tazūlāni	نَزُولُ nazūlu	تَزُلْنَ tazulna	يَزُلْنَ yazulna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَزُولَ ʔazūla	تَزُولَ tazūla	يَزُولَ yazūla	تَزُولَا tazūlā	يَزُولَا yazūlā	نَزُولَ nazūla	تَزُولُوا tazūlū	يَزُولُوا yazūlū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَزُولَ ʔazūla	تَزُولِي tazūlī	تَزُولَ tazūla	تَزُولَا tazūlā	تَزُولَا tazūlā	نَزُولَ nazūla	تَزُلْنَ tazulna	يَزُلْنَ yazulna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَزُلْ ʔazul	تَزُلْ tazul	يَزُلْ yazul	تَزُولَا tazūlā	يَزُولَا yazūlā	نَزُلْ nazul	تَزُولُوا tazūlū	يَزُولُوا yazūlū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَزُلْ ʔazul	تَزُولِي tazūlī	تَزُلْ tazul	تَزُولَا tazūlā	تَزُولَا tazūlā	نَزُلْ nazul	تَزُلْنَ tazulna	يَزُلْنَ yazulna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		زُلْ zul		زُولَا zūlā			زُولُوا zūlū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		زُولِي zūlī		زُولَا zūlā			زُلْنَ zulna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	زِيلَ zīla	—	—	—	—	—
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُزَالُ yuzālu	—	—	—	—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُزَالَ yuzāla	—	—	—	—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُزَلْ yuzal	—	—	—	—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

Etymology 2

Arabic Wikipedia has an article on:

زال (نحو)

Wikipedia ^ar

Root
ز ي ل (z y l)
2 terms

Verb

زَالَ • (zāla) I (non-past يَزَالُ (yazālu), verbal noun زَيْل (zayl))

(copulative, chiefly in the negative) to not still do, to cease doing [with accusative]
Synonyms: مَا بَرِحَ (mā bariḥa), مَا ٱنْفَكَّ (mā nfakka), مَا فَتِئَ (mā fatiʔa)

أَلَا يَزَالُ أَذْكَى شَابٍّ فِي كُلِّ دِمَشْقَ؟
ʔalā yazālu ʔaḏkā šābbin fī kulli dimašqa?
Is he still the smartest guy in the whole of Damascus?
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:217:
  وَلَا يَزَالُونَ يُقَاتِلُونَكُمْ حَتَّى يَرُدُّوكُمْ عَنْ دِينِكُمْ إِنِ ٱسْتَطَاعُوا
  walā yazālūna yuqātilūnakum ḥattā yaruddūkum ʕan dīnikum ʔini staṭāʕū
  And they still will fight you until they turn you back from your religion if they are able.

Usage notes

Always accompanied by a negative particle مَا (mā) (followed the past), لاَ (followed by the indicative non-past), لَم (lam) (followed by the jussive) or لَن (lan) (followed by the subjunctive and having a future meaning), and idiomatically translated by "still":
- ماَ زَالَ هُنَاكَ. ― He's still here. (literally, “He did not cease to be here.”)
- لَا يَزالُ هُنَاكَ. ― lā yazālu hunāka. ― He's still here. (literally, “He does not cease to be here.”)
- لَم يَزَلْ هُنَاكَ. ― lam yazal hunāka. ― He's still here. (literally, “He did not cease to be here.”)
- لَن يَزَالَ هُنَاكَ. ― lan yazāla hunāka. ― He will still be here. (literally, “He will not cease to be here.”)
- كَانَ لَا يَزالُ هُنَاكَ. ― kāna lā yazālu hunāka. ― He was still here. (literally, “He had not ceased to be here.”)
- لاَ يَزَالُ يَكتُبُ الكِتَابَ. ― He is still writing the book.
- لَا يَزَالُ نَفْسَ الشَخْصِ. ― lā yazālu nafsa š-šaḵṣi. ― He is still the same person.

Conjugation

Conjugation of زَالَ (I, hollow, i ~ a, no passive (?), no imperative, verbal noun زَيْل)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					زَيْل zayl
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					—
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	زِلْتُ ziltu	زِلْتَ zilta	زَالَ zāla	زِلْتُمَا ziltumā	زَالَا zālā	زِلْنَا zilnā	زِلْتُمْ ziltum	زَالُوا zālū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	زِلْتُ ziltu	زِلْتِ zilti	زَالَتْ zālat	زِلْتُمَا ziltumā	زَالَتَا zālatā	زِلْنَا zilnā	زِلْتُنَّ ziltunna	زِلْنَ zilna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَزَالُ ʔazālu	تَزَالُ tazālu	يَزَالُ yazālu	تَزَالَانِ tazālāni	يَزَالَانِ yazālāni	نَزَالُ nazālu	تَزَالُونَ tazālūna	يَزَالُونَ yazālūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَزَالُ ʔazālu	تَزَالِينَ tazālīna	تَزَالُ tazālu	تَزَالَانِ tazālāni	تَزَالَانِ tazālāni	نَزَالُ nazālu	تَزَلْنَ tazalna	يَزَلْنَ yazalna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَزَالَ ʔazāla	تَزَالَ tazāla	يَزَالَ yazāla	تَزَالَا tazālā	يَزَالَا yazālā	نَزَالَ nazāla	تَزَالُوا tazālū	يَزَالُوا yazālū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَزَالَ ʔazāla	تَزَالِي tazālī	تَزَالَ tazāla	تَزَالَا tazālā	تَزَالَا tazālā	نَزَالَ nazāla	تَزَلْنَ tazalna	يَزَلْنَ yazalna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَزَلْ ʔazal	تَزَلْ tazal	يَزَلْ yazal	تَزَالَا tazālā	يَزَالَا yazālā	نَزَلْ nazal	تَزَالُوا tazālū	يَزَالُوا yazālū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَزَلْ ʔazal	تَزَالِي tazālī	تَزَلْ tazal	تَزَالَا tazālā	تَزَالَا tazālā	نَزَلْ nazal	تَزَلْنَ tazalna	يَزَلْنَ yazalna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		—		—			—
imperative الْأَمْر	f		—		—			—

Synonyms

مَا بَرِحَ (mā bariḥa)
مَا ٱنْفَكَّ (mā nfakka)
مَا فَتِئَ (mā fatiʔa)

Verb

زَالَ • (zāla) I (non-past يَزِيلُ (yazīlu), verbal noun زَيْل (zayl)) (obsolete)

(transitive) to (cause to) move away
(transitive) to separate [with accusative ‘something’ and مِن (min) ‘from something else’]

Conjugation

Conjugation of زَالَ (I, hollow, a ~ i, full passive, verbal noun زَيْل)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					زَيْل zayl
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					زَائِل zāʔil
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَزِيل mazīl
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	زِلْتُ ziltu	زِلْتَ zilta	زَالَ zāla	زِلْتُمَا ziltumā	زَالَا zālā	زِلْنَا zilnā	زِلْتُمْ ziltum	زَالُوا zālū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	زِلْتُ ziltu	زِلْتِ zilti	زَالَتْ zālat	زِلْتُمَا ziltumā	زَالَتَا zālatā	زِلْنَا zilnā	زِلْتُنَّ ziltunna	زِلْنَ zilna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَزِيلُ ʔazīlu	تَزِيلُ tazīlu	يَزِيلُ yazīlu	تَزِيلَانِ tazīlāni	يَزِيلَانِ yazīlāni	نَزِيلُ nazīlu	تَزِيلُونَ tazīlūna	يَزِيلُونَ yazīlūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَزِيلُ ʔazīlu	تَزِيلِينَ tazīlīna	تَزِيلُ tazīlu	تَزِيلَانِ tazīlāni	تَزِيلَانِ tazīlāni	نَزِيلُ nazīlu	تَزِلْنَ tazilna	يَزِلْنَ yazilna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَزِيلَ ʔazīla	تَزِيلَ tazīla	يَزِيلَ yazīla	تَزِيلَا tazīlā	يَزِيلَا yazīlā	نَزِيلَ nazīla	تَزِيلُوا tazīlū	يَزِيلُوا yazīlū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَزِيلَ ʔazīla	تَزِيلِي tazīlī	تَزِيلَ tazīla	تَزِيلَا tazīlā	تَزِيلَا tazīlā	نَزِيلَ nazīla	تَزِلْنَ tazilna	يَزِلْنَ yazilna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَزِلْ ʔazil	تَزِلْ tazil	يَزِلْ yazil	تَزِيلَا tazīlā	يَزِيلَا yazīlā	نَزِلْ nazil	تَزِيلُوا tazīlū	يَزِيلُوا yazīlū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَزِلْ ʔazil	تَزِيلِي tazīlī	تَزِلْ tazil	تَزِيلَا tazīlā	تَزِيلَا tazīlā	نَزِلْ nazil	تَزِلْنَ tazilna	يَزِلْنَ yazilna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		زِلْ zil		زِيلَا zīlā			زِيلُوا zīlū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		زِيلِي zīlī		زِيلَا zīlā			زِلْنَ zilna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	زِلْتُ ziltu	زِلْتَ zilta	زِيلَ zīla	زِلْتُمَا ziltumā	زِيلَا zīlā	زِلْنَا zilnā	زِلْتُمْ ziltum	زِيلُوا zīlū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	زِلْتُ ziltu	زِلْتِ zilti	زِيلَتْ zīlat	زِلْتُمَا ziltumā	زِيلَتَا zīlatā	زِلْنَا zilnā	زِلْتُنَّ ziltunna	زِلْنَ zilna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُزَالُ ʔuzālu	تُزَالُ tuzālu	يُزَالُ yuzālu	تُزَالَانِ tuzālāni	يُزَالَانِ yuzālāni	نُزَالُ nuzālu	تُزَالُونَ tuzālūna	يُزَالُونَ yuzālūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُزَالُ ʔuzālu	تُزَالِينَ tuzālīna	تُزَالُ tuzālu	تُزَالَانِ tuzālāni	تُزَالَانِ tuzālāni	نُزَالُ nuzālu	تُزَلْنَ tuzalna	يُزَلْنَ yuzalna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُزَالَ ʔuzāla	تُزَالَ tuzāla	يُزَالَ yuzāla	تُزَالَا tuzālā	يُزَالَا yuzālā	نُزَالَ nuzāla	تُزَالُوا tuzālū	يُزَالُوا yuzālū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُزَالَ ʔuzāla	تُزَالِي tuzālī	تُزَالَ tuzāla	تُزَالَا tuzālā	تُزَالَا tuzālā	نُزَالَ nuzāla	تُزَلْنَ tuzalna	يُزَلْنَ yuzalna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُزَلْ ʔuzal	تُزَلْ tuzal	يُزَلْ yuzal	تُزَالَا tuzālā	يُزَالَا yuzālā	نُزَلْ nuzal	تُزَالُوا tuzālū	يُزَالُوا yuzālū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُزَلْ ʔuzal	تُزَالِي tuzālī	تُزَلْ tuzal	تُزَالَا tuzālā	تُزَالَا tuzālā	نُزَلْ nuzal	تُزَلْنَ tuzalna	يُزَلْنَ yuzalna

Kashmiri

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /zɑːl/

Etymology 1

Inherited from Sanskrit जाल (jā́la).^[1]

Noun

زال • (zāl) f (Devanagari ज़ाल)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Sanskrit ज्वाल (jvālá, “light, torch”).^[2]

Noun

زال • (zāl) f (Devanagari ज़ाल)

fever
shivering caused by fever

Etymology 3

Noun

زال • (zāl) f (Devanagari ज़ाल)

a disease of the eye (clarification of this definition is needed)

References

^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “jā́la”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 287
^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “jvālá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 292

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

Root
ز و ل
1 term

From Arabic زَالَ (zāla).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /zaːl/
Audio: (file)

Verb

زال • (zāl) I (non-past يزول (yzūl))

(intransitive) to remove
(intransitive) to go away

Conjugation

Conjugation of زال
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	زلت (zult)	زلتي (zulti)	زال (zāl)	زلنا (zulna)	زلتوا (zultu)	زالوا (zālu)
past	f	زلت (zult)	زلتي (zulti)	زالت (zālet)	زلنا (zulna)	زلتوا (zultu)	زالوا (zālu)
non-past	m	نزول (nzūl)	تزول (tzūl)	يزول (yzūl)	نزولوا (nzūlu)	تزولوا (tzūlu)	يزولوا (yzūlu)
non-past	f	نزول (nzūl)	تزولي (tzūli)	تزول (tzūl)	نزولوا (nzūlu)	تزولوا (tzūlu)	يزولوا (yzūlu)
imperative	m		زول (zūl)			زولوا (zūlu)
imperative	f		زولي (zūli)			زولوا (zūlu)

Persian

Persian Wikipedia has an article on:

زال

Wikipedia ^fa


Iranian Persian	زال
Dari	زال
Tajik	Зол

Etymology

perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂- (“to grow old, to mature”)

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [zɑːl]

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zɑːl]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [zɑːl]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [zɔːl̥]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [zɒːl̥]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [zɔl]

Readings
Classical reading^?	zāl
Dari reading^?	zāl
Iranian reading^?	zâl
Tajik reading^?	zol

Noun

زال • (zâl)

albino

Adjective

زال • (zâl)

albino
grey-haired
old, oldwoman ^[1]
- c. 1280, Saadi :
  چه خوش گفت زالی به فرزند خویش/چو دیدش پلنگ افکن وپیلتن

Proper noun

زال • (zâl)

(Iranian mythology) Zal
a male given name, Zal

References

^ [1], Dehkhoda Dictiobary.

Sindhi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian (zāl).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [zɑlə]

Noun

زالَ • (zāla) f (Devanagari जाल)

woman

References

Khānu, Balocu (1960–1988) “زالَ”, in Jāmiʻ Sindhī lughāta (in Sindhi), Hyderabad, Sindh: Sindhī Adabī Borḍ

[1] Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “jā́la”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 287

[2] Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “jvālá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 292

[3] [1], Dehkhoda Dictiobary.

[1]

[2]

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