עשרה

Hebrew

Hebrew numbers ^(edit)

		100
←  1	←  9	י׳ 10	11  →	20  →
		1
Cardinal: עשרה (asará)     Ordinal: עשירי (asirí)

Etymology

Root
ע־שׂ־ר (ʿ-s-r)

From Proto-Semitic *ʿaśr-.

Pronunciation 1

• (Biblical Hebrew) IPA^(key): (earlier) /ʕa.ɬaː.ˈraː/, (later) /ʕa.saː.raː/
• (Samaritan Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʕɒ.ʃɒ.rɒ/, [ʕɒːˈʃɒː.rɒˑ]
• (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʕă.sɔːˈrɔː/, [ʕa.sɔˑˈʀɔː]
• (Yemenite Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʕə.sɔˈrɔ/, [ʕæ.sɔ(ː)ˈrɔː]
• (Persian Hebrew) IPA^(key): /(ʔ)æ.sɒˈrɒ/
• (Iraqi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʕa.saˈra/
• (Sephardi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʕa.saˈra/ (East), /ŋa.saˈra/ (West)
• (Ashkenazi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /(ʔ)a.sɔˈʁ̞ɔ/
• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /(ʔ)a.saˈʁ̞a/

• Audio:

  (file)

Numeral

עֲשָׂרָה • (asará) m (construct עֲשֶׂרֶת (aséret), feminine עֶשֶׂר (éser))

1. ten

Usage notes

• In Modern Hebrew, when the numbers three through ten modify a definite masculine noun and are directly preceding it, the construct form is used:

  עֲשָׂרָה סְפָרִים ― asará s'farím ― ten books

  עֲשֶׂרֶת הַסְּפָרִים ― aséret has'farím ― the ten books

• The construct form is not used for higher numbers ending in ten, such as a hundred and ten:

  מֵאָה וַעֲשָׂרָה הַסְּפָרִים ― me'á va'asará has'farím ― the hundred and ten books

• In colloquial Modern Hebrew, the form עֶשֶׂר (éser) is often used regardless of gender.

Coordinate terms

• Last: תִּשְׁעָה (tish'á)
• Next: אַחַד עָשָׂר (akhád asár)

Derived terms

• אֲרוּחַת עֶשֶׂר (arukhát éser)
• עשרת הדיברות / עֲשֶׂרֶת הַדִּבְּרוֹת (aséret hadibrót)
• עֲשֶׂרֶת יְמֵי תְּשׁוּבָה (aséret y'méy t'shuvá)

Pronunciation 2

• (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʕɛsˈreː/, [ʕɛsˈrˤeː]
• (Yemenite Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʕasˈre/, [ʕæsˈreː]
• (Persian Hebrew) IPA^(key): /(ʔ)esˈre/
• (Iraqi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʕesˈre/
• (Sephardi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʕesˈre/ (East), /ŋesˈre/ (West)
• (Ashkenazi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /(ʔ)ɛsˈʁ̞ej/
• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /(ʔ)esˈʁ̞e/

Numeral

עֶשְׂרֵה • (esré)

1. feminine of עָשָׂר

Anagrams

• שערה