κόλος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Traditionally compared with Proto-Balto-Slavic *kálˀtei (“to forge, strike”) (whence Lithuanian kálti (“to beat, to hammer”) and Proto-Slavic *kòlti (“to sting”)), which is either from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to beat, break”) or *(s)kelH- (“to cut, split”). However, Beekes has some doubts, particularly due to the likely-related κολούω (koloúō, “to mutilate, limit”) exhibiting strange morphology, and alternatively and tentatively suggests Pre-Greek origin.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kó.los/ → /ˈko.los/ → /ˈko.los/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kó.los/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈko.los/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈko.los/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈko.los/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈko.los/

Adjective

κόλος • (kólos) m or f (neuter κόλον); second declension

1. docked
2. hornless or stump-horned
3. (of a spear) without point
4. (of battle) broken off

Inflection

Second declension of κόλος; κόλον (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		κόλος kólos	κόλον kólon		κόλω kólō	κόλω kólō		κόλοι kóloi	κόλᾰ kóla
Genitive		κόλου kólou	κόλου kólou		κόλοιν kóloin	κόλοιν kóloin		κόλων kólōn	κόλων kólōn
Dative		κόλῳ kólōi	κόλῳ kólōi		κόλοιν kóloin	κόλοιν kóloin		κόλοις kólois	κόλοις kólois
Accusative		κόλον kólon	κόλον kólon		κόλω kólō	κόλω kólō		κόλους kólous	κόλᾰ kóla
Vocative		κόλε kóle	κόλον kólon		κόλω kólō	κόλω kólō		κόλοι kóloi	κόλᾰ kóla
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		κόλως kólōs			κολώτερος kolṓteros			κολώτᾰτος kolṓtatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• κολάζω (kolázō)
• κολαστής (kolastḗs)
• κολαστικός (kolastikós)
• κόλερος (kóleros)
• κόλουρος (kólouros)
• κολούω (koloúō)
• κολόχειρ (kolókheir)

Related terms

• κλαμβός (klambós)
• κολοβός (kolobós)

Further reading

• “κόλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• κόλος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette