Wikipedia

Swindon railway station

Swindon railway station is on the Great Western Main Line in South West England, serving the town of Swindon, Wiltshire. The station is 77 miles 23 chains (77.29 mi; 124.4 km) down the line from the zero point at London Paddington and lies between Didcot Parkway and Chippenham.[1] It is managed by Great Western Railway, which also operates all of the services from the station. It is the busiest station in Wiltshire, and the fifth busiest station in South West England.[2]

Swindon
National Rail
The station in 2022, following electrification
General information
LocationSwindon, Borough of Swindon
England
Coordinates51°33′56″N 1°47′07″W / 51.5656°N 1.7854°W / 51.5656; -1.7854
Grid referenceSU149851
Managed byGreat Western Railway
Platforms4
Other information
Station codeSWI
ClassificationDfT category C1
History
Original companyGreat Western Railway
Pre-groupingGWR
Post-groupingGWR
Key dates
1842Opened as Swindon Junction
1961Renamed Swindon
Passengers
2018/19Increase 3.756 million
 Interchange Increase 0.267 million
2019/20Decrease 3.714 million
 Interchange Decrease 0.167 million
2020/21Decrease 0.652 million
 Interchange Decrease 27,163
2021/22Increase 2.048 million
 Interchange Increase 0.103 million
2022/23Increase 2.588 million
 Interchange Increase 0.189 million
Location
Map
Notes
Passenger statistics from the Office of Rail and Road

Being roughly halfway between the English and Welsh capitals of London and Cardiff, it is an important junction where the former Great Western Railway line to Gloucester and Cheltenham Spa, the main line to Bristol Temple Meads, and the South Wales Main Line via Bristol Parkway diverge.

The station is sited approximately 220 yards (200 metres) from the central bus station and the town centre. It is served by GWR services from Paddington to Bristol Temple Meads; Cheltenham Spa via Gloucester; Cardiff Central, Swansea and the rest of South Wales; and to Westbury.

History

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See also: History of Swindon, Swindon Works, and Great Western Railway
 
The National Rail logo above the station can be seen from a distance and helps travellers locate it

The main line of the Great Western Railway (GWR) was built and opened in stages. Construction began in late 1835, and by the end of August 1840 the line was open between Paddington and Faringdon Road (later known as Challow), also between Bristol and Bath.[3] The section from Faringdon Road to a temporary terminus at Hay Lane (near Wootton Bassett) was opened on 17 December 1840; this passed to the north of the market town of Swindon (now known as Old Town); but the only intermediate station opened at that time was at Shrivenham.[4]

Meanwhile, the Cheltenham and Great Western Union Railway had in 1836 been authorised to link the GWR with Gloucester and Cheltenham, and for this line, a junction at Swindon had been decided upon.[5] The GWR line was planned by Isambard Kingdom Brunel to rise from both London and Bristol to a summit near Swindon, and to have easy gradients east of that summit, and steeper gradients to the west. Brunel, and his colleague Daniel Gooch, decided in October 1840 that one locomotive would not be able to manage the whole distance without taking on fuel; and it would be necessary to change locomotives part-way. Reading was chosen as one place to change engines, being both a major station and, at just under 36 miles (58 kilometres), approximately one-third of the 118-mile (190-kilometre) distance from Paddington to Bristol. They also felt that it would be convenient to change locomotives at Swindon; not only was this almost two-thirds of the way (just over 77 mi or 124 km) and the site of the junction for the Cheltenham line, it was also the summit of the line; and a train from London could have its fast locomotive replaced by a slower but more powerful locomotive for the journey on to Bristol. Accordingly, it was necessary to provide locomotive maintenance facilities at Swindon.

 
A 1906 Railway Clearing House map of railways in the vicinity of Swindon

The proximity of the North Wilts Canal was also a factor, since it would enable coke for the locomotives and coal for the workshops to be supplied from the Somerset Coalfield at a reasonable price.[6] A station was then planned around the junction, and opened at the same time as the first portion of the Cheltenham line (from Swindon to Kemble and Cirencester); the GWR main line was extended from Hay Lane to Chippenham on the same day, 31 May 1841.[7] The GWR had engaged the Westminster firm of Messrs. J. & C. Rigby to build several stations, including all those between Steventon and Corsham; this firm was also given the construction contracts for all of the buildings at Swindon, including the station and its refreshment rooms, the locomotive repair shops, 300 houses and other buildings needed for the workers. The GWR was short of money, and in late 1841 the contractors, instead of asking for payment, agreed to give Swindon station and its refreshment rooms to the GWR free of charge, and to lease back the refreshment rooms for 99 years at one (old) penny per year. Part of the deal was that

All trains carrying passengers, not being Goods trains or trains to be sent express or for special purposes, and except trains not under the control of the Great Western Railway Company, which shall pass the Swindon Station either up or down, shall, save in case of emergency or unusual delay arising from accidents, stop there for refreshment of passengers for a reasonable period of about ten minutes.

In this "reasonable period", not only could the passengers be refreshed but the locomotive would also be changed. Messrs. Rigby would then be able to use the profits from the refreshment rooms to recover their financial outlay.[8] Not long after the contract was finalised, Rigby then sublet the rights to S. Y. Griffiths of Cheltenham for seven years, for which Griffiths paid Rigby £6,000 up front and then £1,100 per year.[a] Before this expired, Rigby sold the lease to J. R. Phillips for £20,000 in August 1848.[9][b]

With the railway passing through the town in early 1841, the Goddard Arms public house in Old Swindon was used as a railway booking office in lieu of a station. Tickets purchased included the fare for a horse-drawn carriage to the line at the bottom of the hill.[10]

Swindon railway station opened in 1842 with construction of the GWR's engineering works continuing. Until 1895, every train stopped here for at least 10 minutes to change locomotives. Swindon station hosted the first recorded railway refreshment rooms, divided according to class. Swindonians, for a time, were eminently proud that even the current King and Queen of the time had partaken of refreshments there.[10] The station in 1842 was built of three storeys, with the refreshment rooms on the ground floor, the upper floors comprising the station hotel and lounge. Until 1961, when Swindon Town station closed, the station was known as Swindon Junction.

The original building was demolished in 1972, with today's modern station and office block erected on the site.[10]

The Travel Centre (booking office) at Swindon was APTIS-equipped by the end of October 1986, making it one of the first stations with the ticketing system which was eventually found across the UK at all staffed British Rail stations by the end of the 1980s.[citation needed]

On 2 June 2003 Platform 4 opened.[11] Prior to this all westbound trains had used Platform 3 and eastbound services Platform 1. Services terminating or starting here on the lines to Westbury via Chippenham and Gloucester use platform 2, a west-facing inset bay.

Stationmasters

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  • Christopher Hill 1841 – 1852[12] (afterwards station master at Chippenham)
  • George Wasborough Andrewes 1852 - 1855[13] (formerly station master at Chippenham, afterwards station master at Birmingham)
  • John Holmes 1859[14] - 1873[15](formerly station master at Cirencester)
  • Mr. Reynolds 1873 – 1877
  • William Bonner 1877 – 1897[16] (formerly station master at Wrexham)
  • John Brewer 1897 – 1909[17] (formerly station master at Truro)
  • F.S. Davies from 1909 (formerly station master at Weymouth)
  • H.G. Cotterall 1915 – 1919[18] (formerly station master at Weymouth)
  • W. Thick 1919 – 1922[19] (formerly station master at Milford Haven)
  • S.N Cooper 1922[20] – 1930 (formerly station master at Pontypool)
  • Arthur Meddows Taylor 1930[21] – 1933 (brother of later station master Sidney, formerly station master at Didcot)
  • W.J. Pepler 1933 – 1935[22]
  • Sidney Meddows Taylor 1935[23] – 1942 (brother of former station master Arthur, formerly station master at Bath)
  • G. Naylor 1942 – 1951 (formerly station master at Plymouth)
  • Ernest Sharples 1951 – 1955[24] (afterwards station master at Manchester London Road)

Services

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All services at Swindon are operated by Great Western Railway.

The station is served by frequent intercity trains to London Paddington eastbound and westbound to Bristol, Cheltenham Spa and Cardiff along the Great Western Main Line as well as a local service to Westbury via the Wessex Main Line.

The typical off-peak service in trains per hour is:

Additional services run during the peak periods and some existing services are extended further afield. Some trains are extended beyond Swansea to Carmarthen and a number of trains are extended beyond Bristol Temple Meads to Weston-super-Mare, Taunton, Exeter St Davids, Plymouth and Penzance.

Preceding station   National Rail Following station
Great Western Railway
Great Western Railway
Great Western Railway
TerminusGreat Western Railway
Historical railways
Line open, station closed
Great Western RailwayTerminus
Line open, station closed
Great Western Railway
Line open, station closed
Disused railways
Line and station closed
Great Western RailwayTerminus

Panel box

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The railway in the vicinity of Swindon station and for a distance of about 20–30 miles (30–50 kilometres) in each direction towards Didcot, Bristol, South Wales and Gloucester was controlled from a signal box situated behind platform number 4. The panel box is a Western Region Integra design built by Henry Williams (Darlington) and opened in March 1968. The box was decommissioned in February 2016[25] and the panel was moved for preservation to Didcot Railway Centre.[26]

Plans

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It was announced in December 2005 that stations in the Thames Valley region were to be upgraded.[27]

In August 2014, Network Rail completed the redoubling of the track between Swindon and Kemble in order to improve rail services between London and Cheltenham/Gloucester, and to allow for maintenance work in the Severn Tunnel when Swansea services are diverted via Gloucester. When originally laid in 1842 the line was double-track throughout, however some 12+1⁄4 miles (19.5 kilometres) of the second track were removed in 1968/69.[28] As of July 2008, the Office of Rail Regulation was receiving submissions to restore this project (previously omitted) to Network Rail's plans for 2009–2014.[29] The project cost was estimated at £50.2 million and received backing from the South West Development Agency and others[30] but stalled when it was left out of the new Coalition Government's Spending Review in October 2010.[31] Work commenced in January 2013[32] and was completed in August 2014.[33]

On 1 March 2011, Transport Secretary Philip Hammond announced that plans for electrifying the Great Western main line west from Didcot through Swindon to Bristol and Cardiff had resumed at a planned cost of £704 million.[34] The electrification project had first been announced by the previous Government's Transport Secretary Andrew Adonis, on 23 July 2009.[35]

Notes

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Railway lines in Swindon
Legend
Highworth branch line
 
 
Great Western Main Line
to London
Stratton
 
 
 Stratton Park Halt
Stratton St Margaret Works
 
 
Midland & Sth Western Jn Rly
to Cheltenham
 
 
 
 
Midland & Sth Western Jn Rly
to Southampton
  Hayes Knoll
 
 
 
 Chiseldon Camp Halt
  Blunsdon
 
 
 
 Chiseldon
Moredon Halt
 
 
 
 Swindon Town
Moredon Power Station
 
 
 
 
 Swindon
 
 
 
 
 
 Rushey Platt
Purton
 
 
 
 
 
Golden Valley line
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Wootton Bassett Junction
 
 
South Wales Main Line
to Swansea
 
 
 
Great Western Main Line
to Bristol
  1. ^ About £689,000 and £126,000 today
  2. ^ About £2,536,000 today

References

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  1. ^ Padgett, David (June 2018) [1989]. Munsey, Myles (ed.). Railway Track Diagrams 3: Western & Wales (6th ed.). Frome: Trackmaps. map 5B. ISBN 978-1-9996271-0-2.
  2. ^ "ORR Statistics 2022-23" (PDF).
  3. ^ MacDermot, E.T. (1927). History of the Great Western Railway, vol. I: 1833–1863. Paddington: Great Western Railway. pp. 38, 103, 114.
  4. ^ MacDermot 1927, p. 119
  5. ^ MacDermot 1927, p. 164
  6. ^ MacDermot 1927, pp. 119–121, 124
  7. ^ MacDermot 1927, pp. 125, 170
  8. ^ MacDermot 1927, pp. 151–3, 643
  9. ^ MacDermot 1927, p. 153
  10. ^ a b c Mark Child (2002). Swindon : An Illustrated History. United Kingdom: Breedon Books Publishing. ISBN 1-85983-322-5.
  11. ^ "It's Official: Swindon Platform 4 is Now Open". DfT. Archived from the original on 6 February 2007. Retrieved 1 April 2008.
  12. ^ "1835–1910 Clerks Vol 1". Great Western Railway Operating, Traffic, Coaching Depts: 3. 1835. Retrieved 26 June 2021.
  13. ^ "1835-1876 Clerks No.3". Great Western Railway Operating, Traffic, Coaching Depts: 3. 1835. Retrieved 26 June 2021.
  14. ^ "1835-1860 Clerks". Great Western Railway Operating, Traffic, Coaching Depts: 7. 1835. Retrieved 26 June 2021.
  15. ^ "We are sorry to note the removal of…". Swindon Advertiser and North Wilts Chronicle. England. 11 August 1873. Retrieved 26 June 2021 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  16. ^ "Swindon. Shocking Death of the Swindon Station-Master". Reading Mercury. England. 1 February 1897. Retrieved 26 June 2021 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  17. ^ "Swindon. Death of Mr. John Brewer". Faringdon Advertiser and Vale of the White Horse Gazette. England. 24 September 1910. Retrieved 26 June 2021 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  18. ^ "Death of Mr. H. G. Cotterall". Western Daily Press. England. 23 April 1919. Retrieved 26 June 2021 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  19. ^ "Stationmaster Retires". Somerset Guardian and Radstock Observer. England. 10 May 1929. Retrieved 26 June 2021 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  20. ^ "Swindon's New Station-Master". North Wilts Herald. England. 18 August 1922. Retrieved 26 June 2021 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  21. ^ "Swindon's Retiring Stationmaster". North Wilts Herald. England. 14 March 1930. Retrieved 26 June 2021 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  22. ^ "Well Known in Bristol". Western Daily Press. England. 13 June 1942. Retrieved 26 June 2021 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  23. ^ "G.W.R. Staff Changes". North Wilts Herald. England. 1 February 1935. Retrieved 26 June 2021 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  24. ^ "No Top Hat!". Manchester Evening News. England. 9 February 1955. Retrieved 26 June 2021 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  25. ^ "Swindon Signal Panel – The Signal Box Forum"Signalbox.org; Retrieved 29 September 2016
  26. ^ "Home". swindonpanel.org.uk.
  27. ^ Plans for stations improvements bbc.co.uk 13 December 2005
  28. ^ Allen, G. Freeman (1979). The Western since 1948. Ian Allan. pp. 27–29, 153, 157–8. ISBN 0-7110-0883-3.
  29. ^ A recent Parliamentary debate on the Swindon-Kemble line
  30. ^ 'This is Gloucestershire' reporting on doubling the Swindon – Kemble line
  31. ^ 'This is Gloucestershire' Swindon – Kemble redoubling project
  32. ^ m Swindon to Kemble rail upgrade begins BBC News 11 January 2013
  33. ^ Swindon to Kemble rail line redoubling work complete BBC News 25 August 2014
  34. ^ Cabinet Office
  35. ^ Adonis, Andrew (23 July 2009). "How to get Britains railways back on track". The Times. London. Archived from the original on 29 June 2011.
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