Róża Maria Goździewska (Polish pronunciation: [ˈruʐa ˈmarʲja ɡɔʑˈd͡ʑɛfska]; also known as Różyczka Goździewska, Różyczka being a diminutive of her first name, lit. "Little Rose"; 31 March 1936 – 29 October 1989) was a Polish nurse, known as the youngest nurse of the 1944 Warsaw Uprising when she was a child.[1]
Róża Maria Goździewska | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Goździewska in 1944 | |
| Born | Róża Maria Goździewska 31 March 1936 Poland |
| Died | 29 October 1989 (aged 53) |
| Alma mater | Silesian University of Technology |
| Known for | The youngest nurse of the 1944 Warsaw Uprising |
| Medical career | |
| Profession | Nurse |
Biography
editGoździewska was born on 31 March 1936. Her father was killed by the Gestapo in 1943.[1] A year later, on 1 August, the city of Warsaw was engulfed in the uprising against the German occupiers, with the civilian population caught in the middle. A number of child soldiers took part in the fighting on the side of the Polish insurgents.[2][3]
Goździewska, eight years old at that time, was helping in the field hospital at 11 Moniuszki Street in Warsaw. She was described as a nurse because she made the patients smile, brought them water to drink, and tried to clear away the flies.[1] That field hospital was associated with the Polish insurgents' Home Army Koszta Company unit.[4][5] Her relative, Jadwiga Obretenny, 19 years old at the time, was also a nurse in the Uprising.[6]
A photo of Goździewska, wearing a Red Cross armband, was taken in early August 1944 by Eugeniusz Lokajski, nom-de-guerre "Brok", a Home Army resistance fighter and photographer, who would perish a month later.[5][7] The Uprising, after incurring major casualties among the civilian participants, was eventually crushed by the Germans on 2 October.[2][3] Goździewska and her sister survived the war. Afterwards, she attended a gymnasium run by the Ursulines, graduated from the Silesian University of Technology, and in 1958, she emigrated to France, where she got married and had two children.[5][1] She died on 29 October 1989.[1]
Remembrance
editIn the early 21st century her photo gained recognition, having been used in various materials published by the Warsaw Uprising Museum.[5] Her photo was colorized in the 2010s, and by the late 2010s described as "well known"[8] and even as one of the most famous photos of the Warsaw Uprising.[9]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c d e "Róża Maria Goździewska". Fundacja Warszawskie Szpitale Polowe (in Polish). Retrieved 8 April 2021.
- ^ a b Stańczyk, Ewa (2015). "Heroes, Victims, Role Models: Representing the Child Soldiers of the Warsaw Uprising". Slavic Review. 74 (4): 738–759. doi:10.5612/slavicreview.74.4.738. ISSN 0037-6779. JSTOR 10.5612/slavicreview.74.4.738. S2CID 159663213.
- ^ a b Stańczyk, Ewa (2019), Stańczyk, Ewa (ed.), "Moral Panic: The Child Soldiers of the Warsaw Uprising", Commemorating the Children of World War II in Poland: Combative Remembrance, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 77–102, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-32262-5_4, ISBN 978-3-030-32262-5, S2CID 210555378, retrieved 10 April 2021
- ^ Muzeum Powstania Warszawskiego (2009). Powstanie Warszawskie: dzień po dniu [The Warsaw Uprising: day after day]. Axel Springer. p. 13. ISBN 978-83-7558-610-7.
- ^ a b c d "Najsłynniejsze zdjęcia z powstania. Fotografie – ikony. 5/8 Sanitariuszka Różyczka" [The most famous photos from the uprising. Photographs - icons. 5/8 medical orderly Rose]. Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish). August 2013. Retrieved 8 April 2021.
- ^ "Powstańcze Biogramy – Jadwiga Obretenny" [Insurgent Biographies - Jadwiga Obretenny]. www.1944.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 10 April 2021.
- ^ "Dzieci" [Kids]. Muzeum Powstania Warszawskiego (in Polish). Retrieved 8 April 2021.
- ^ "Powstanie Warszawskie. Armia medyków '44" [Warsaw Uprising. Army of Medics '44]. pulsmedycyny.pl (in Polish). 1 August 2018. Retrieved 10 April 2021.
- ^ Jankowska, Ewa (8 March 2017). "Kolorowe zdjęcia z Powstania Warszawskiego. To nie to samo, co czerń i biel. Realizm fotografii poraża" [Color photos from the Warsaw Uprising. It is not the same as black and white. The realism of photography is shocking]. Gazeta.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 10 April 2021.