The People's Security Army (Indonesian: Tentara Keamanan Rakyat) or commonly abbreviated as TKR is the name of the first military force formed by the Indonesian Government, after the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence. TKR was formed on October 5, 1945, based on an announcement issued by the Government of the Republic of Indonesia. [2] TKR was formed as a result of improving the function of the previously existing People's Security Agency (BKR) and its core army was taken from the former KNIL & PETA. [3]
| People's Security Army | |
|---|---|
| Founded | 5 October 1945 (formerly called the People's Security Agency which was formed from former KNIL and PETA) |
| Disbanded | 26 January 1946 |
| Headquarters | Yogyakarta |
| Leadership | |
| Minister of Defense | Amir Sjarifoeddin[1] |
| Commander | General Soedirman |
| Related articles | |
| History | Indonesian War of Independence |
| Ranks | Rank of the People's Security Army |
The formation of this army was aimed at overcoming a situation that was starting to become unsafe, due to the return of allied troops to Indonesia after Japan surrendered unconditionally to the allies.
TKR consists of Land TKR, Sea TKR and Aviation Bureau TKR, all of which originate from changes to Land BKR, Sea BKR and Air BKR.
To expand the function of the army in defending independence and safeguarding the security of the Indonesian people, the Indonesian government then changed the name of the People's Security Army to People's Salvation Army or (Tentara Keselamatan Rakyat) on January 7, 1946
Formation
editOn October 5, 1945 the Indonesian government issued an edict containing the formation of a national army. Vice President Mohammad Hatta then summoned a former KNIL officer, Major Oerip Soemohardjo to Jakarta to organize the army organization.[4]
Previously, on August 19 1945, through the second PPKI session, the government appointed Soeprijadi, a PETA rebellion figure in Blitar, to become Minister of People's Security, and Vice President Mohammad Hatta then appointed Oerip to become Chief of the General Staff TKR with the rank of Lieutenant General.[5]
On October 9 1945, the Central Indonesian National Committee issued a TKR mobilization call which called on all young Indonesian people, both those who had not received military training and those who had received military training, to register themselves as members of the TKR. On October 14, 1945, former Indonesian KNIL officers issued a statement to the Indonesian government and the Central Indonesian National Committee, that these officers stood behind the Indonesian government and were ready to accept any orders.[2]
References
edit- ^ "Profil Kabinet Sjahrir I". Seskab.go.id. Sekretariat Kabinet Republik Indonesia. Archived from the original on 2014-01-02. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
- ^ a b Sejarah TNI jilid I 2000, p. 17.
- ^ Rahardjo 1995, p. 67.
- ^ Hatta 2011, p. 112.
- ^ Sejarah TNI jilid I 2000, p. 18.