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Bangladesh, officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world and seventh most densely populated with a population of 173,562,364 in an area of 148,460 square kilometres (57,320 sq mi). Bangladesh shares land borders with India to the north, west, and east, and Myanmar to the southeast. To the south, it has a coastline along the Bay of Bengal. To the north, it is separated from Bhutan and Nepal by the Siliguri Corridor, and from China by the mountainous Indian state of Sikkim. Dhaka, the capital and largest city, is the nation's political, financial, and cultural centre. Chittagong is the second-largest city and the busiest port. The official language is Bengali, with Bangladeshi English also used in government.
A middle power in the Indo-Pacific, Bangladesh is home to the fifth-most spoken native language, the third-largest Muslim-majority population, and the second-largest economy in South Asia. It maintains the third-largest military in the region and is the largest contributor to UN peacekeeping operations. Bangladesh is a unitary parliamentary republic based on the Westminster system. Bengalis make up almost 99% of the population. The country consists of eight divisions, 64 districts, and 495 subdistricts, and includes the world's largest mangrove forest. Bangladesh has one of the largest refugee populations in the world due to the Rohingya genocide in neighboring Myanmar. Bangladesh faces challenges like corruption, political instability, overpopulation, and the effects of climate change. Bangladesh has twice chaired the Climate Vulnerable Forum and hosts the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) headquarters. It is a founding member of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) and a member of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation and the Commonwealth of Nations. (Full article...)
Selected articles -
Bangladesh News
- 26 November 2024 –
- The Bangladesh Police fire tear gas at more than 2,000 Hindus protesting in Chittagong, Bangladesh, against the arrest of Chinmoy Krishna Das, a Hindu leader and ISKCON monk, on sedition charges. One is killed, and 27 are injured. (Hindustan Times) (Al Jazeera) (The Times of India)
- 10 November 2024 –
- Members of the Jamaat-e-Islami party announce that they have prevented former Bangladesh Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina and the Awami League party from holding a rally in Dhaka, Bangladesh, to commemorate Noor Hossain Day. (AP)
- 17 October 2024 –
- A court in Bangladesh orders the arrest of former prime minister Sheikh Hasina and 45 others for crimes against humanity. Hasina is in exile in India. (AP)
- 17 September 2024 – 2024 Bangladesh quota reform movement
- Ekattorer Ghatak Dalal Nirmul Committee President Shahriar Kabir is arrested in Dhaka, Bangladesh, on charges of crimes against humanity, mass killing, and murder for his involvement with Sheikh Hasina's government during the quota reform movement. (Dhaka Tribune)
- 5 September 2024 –
- A 15-year-old Hindu boy is killed by a Muslim mob inside a police station in Khulna, Bangladesh, after allegedly insulting the Islamic prophet Muhammad on Facebook. (The Hindustan Times)
Where in Bangladesh...
Jaflong is a natural tourist spot famous for its collection of rolling stones and colorful tribal (Khasi) life. It is also the location of Khasia Rajbari (king’s palace). Do you know where in Bangladesh is Jaflong? | ||
Jaflong is located in Gowainghat Upazila of Sylhet District and situated at the border between Bangladesh and the Indian state of Meghalaya, just below the mountain range. | ||
Related portals
Religions in Bangldesh
Indian Subcontinent
Other countries
Selected images
Did you know (auto-generated) -
- ... that the anniversary of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's 1974 speech at the United Nations has been observed as Bangladeshi Immigration Day in New York since 2019?
- ... that a Bangladeshi government agency collected ৳6.5 billion (equivalent to US$150 million in 2023) from corruption suspects, but a court ruled it was illegal?
- ... that Raihan Rafi, the writer and director of the 2021 Bangladeshi film Janowar, interviewed the alleged perpetrators of the quadruple murder on which it is based?
- ... that Mohammad Saifullah Ozaki, an academic in Japan born to a Hindu family in Bangladesh, became a leader in the Islamic State?
- ... that many fans of Ayub Bachchu's Bangladeshi rock watched the film Loot Toraj in theaters just to hear the love song "Ananta Prem Tumi Dao Aamake"?
- ... that television production companies working in Bhadun, Bangladesh, can hire a local woman as an extra for ৳500 (US$5.30) per day?
Selected biography
Sheikh Hasina (born 28 September 1947) is a Bangladeshi politician who served as the tenth prime minister of Bangladesh from June 1996 to July 2001 and again from January 2009 to August 2024. She is the daughter of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the first president of Bangladesh. She served in the position of prime minister for over 20 years, making her the longest-serving prime minister in history of Bangladesh. Thus, she became the world's longest-serving female head of government. Her authoritarian regime ended in self-imposed exile following an uprising in 2024.
As the autocratic regime of Hussain Muhammad Ershad came to an end, Hasina, then leader of the Bangladesh Awami League, lost the 1991 election to Khaleda Zia, with whom she had collaborated against Ershad. As leader of the opposition, Hasina accused Zia's Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) of electoral dishonesty and boycotted Parliament, which was followed by violent demonstrations and political turmoil. Zia resigned in favour of a caretaker government, followed by Hasina becoming prime minister after the June 1996 election. While the country began to experience economic growth and a reduction in poverty, it remained in political turmoil during her first term, which ended in July 2001, with Hasina being succeeded by Zia following her victory. Hasina was the first Bangladeshi prime minister to serve a full five-year term since independence in 1971.
During the 2006–2008 political crisis, Hasina was detained on extortion charges. After her release from jail, she won the 2008 election. In 2014, she was re-elected for a third term in an election that was boycotted by the BNP and criticised by international observers. In 2017, after nearly a million Rohingya entered the country, fleeing genocide in Myanmar, Hasina received credit and praise for giving them refuge and assistance. She won a fourth and fifth term after the 2018 and 2024 elections, which was marred by violence and widely criticised as being fraudulent.
Her second premiership (2009–2024) was marked by economic mismanagement and rampant corruption, leading to rising foreign debt, increasing inflation, youth unemployment and banking irregularities. An estimated US$150 billion or Tk 17.6 lakh crore was syphoned out of Bangladesh by illegal means during this period. In 2022, anti-government protests broke out demanding the resignation of Hasina. In June 2024, fresh student protests erupted throughout the country, demanding the reform of quotas in government jobs. The protests were met with brutal crackdown by law-enforcement agencies and paramilitary forces, resulting in the massacre of students. By August, the protests intensified into a mass uprising against the government, which eventually culminated in Hasina resigning and fleeing to India.
It is widely considered that Bangladesh experienced democratic backsliding under her premiership. Human Rights Watch documented widespread enforced disappearances and extrajudicial killings under her government. Numerous politicians and journalists were systematically and judicially punished for challenging her views. In 2021, Reporters Without Borders gave a negative assessment of Hasina's media policy for curbing press freedom in Bangladesh since 2014. Hasina has been criticised as being too close to India, often at the cost of Bangladesh's sovereignty. She is seen as a manifestation of India's interference in Bangladeshi politics, which the critics described as the main source of Hasina's power.
Hasina was among Time's 100 most influential people in the world in 2018, and was listed as being one of the 100 most powerful women in the world by Forbes in 2015, 2018, and 2022. (Full article...)
General images -
Did you know from old articles
- ... that the Sixty Pillar Mosque located in Bagergat in south Bangladesh is one of the oldest mosques in the country, and is described as "historic mosque representing the Golden Era of Muslim Bengal"?
- ...that the Bangabhaban has served as the official residence for the Viceroy of India, Governor of East Pakistan and the President of Bangladesh?
- ...that Pundravardhana was a territory, mostly in present-day Bangladesh, of the Pundras, a group of non-Aryan people, dating back to 8th-7th centuries BC?
- ... that Kazi Nazrul Islam was arrested by the Bengal Presidency police in 1923 for publishing an anti-British poem in his Dhumketu biweekly?
- ... that Geoffrey Davis compared the mass rapes during the Bangladesh Liberation War to the Nazi Lebensborn program?
- ... that after trying to overthrow his father twice in ten years, Bahadur Shah I resorted to being a "grudgingly obedient son"?
- ...that Mukh O Mukhosh (The face and the mask), directed by Abdul Jabbar Khan, is the first full-length Bengali language feature film to be produced in the erstwhile East Pakistan, which later became Bangladesh?
- ...that the Armenian community of Dhaka played a major role in education in Bangladesh, and owned major landmarks like the gardens of Shahbag and Bangabhaban?
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