Bartsia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae.
Bartsia | |
---|---|
![]() | |
Bartsia alpina | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
Order: | Lamiales |
Family: | Orobanchaceae |
Tribe: | Rhinantheae |
Genus: | Bartsia L. |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Bartsia_trixago_Monacia_Corse.jpg/200px-Bartsia_trixago_Monacia_Corse.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Bartsia_chilensis.jpg/200px-Bartsia_chilensis.jpg)
Etymology
editBartsia was named after Johann Bartsch (Latinized as Johannes Bartsius, 1709-1738), a botanist of Königsberg. The plant was named for him by his associate Carl Linnaeus, and the genus has been sometimes spelt as Bartschia.[1]
Starbia, an anagram of Bartsia, is another genus of Orobanchaceae, synonym of Alectra.[2]
Phylogeny
editThe phylogeny of the genera of Rhinantheae has been explored using molecular characters.[3][4] Bartsia belongs to the core Rhinantheae. Bartsia sensu stricto (e.g. B. alpina) is the sister genus to Odontites, Bellardia, Tozzia, Hedbergia, and Euphrasia.
Genus-level cladogram of tribe Rhinantheae. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The cladogram has been reconstructed from nuclear and plastid DNA molecular characters (ITS, rps16 intron and trnK region).[3][4] |
Classification
editIn 1990, the genus was revised to contain 49 species; 45 of them are endemic to the Andes.[5] The most familiar species might be the well-studied Bartsia alpina, which has a circumboreal distribution, occurring throughout northern regions of the Northern Hemisphere.[6] There are also two afromontane species, restricted to the mountains of northeastern Africa: Bartsia decurva and Bartsia longiflora. These two plants, B. alpina, and the many Andean species are three distinct lineages, making the genus polyphyletic.[7][4][8]
As a solution to the problem of Bartsia polyphyly, two taxonomic adjustments have been proposed.
- All South American species are reclassified into the new genus Neobartsia.[8] This new name keeps traceability with Bartsia while incorporating information about its New World distribution (in ancient Greek, νέος, i.e. néos, means 'new').
- The two African species Bartsia decurva and Bartsia longiflora are reclassified into the existing genus Hedbergia.[4]
Accepted species names include the following taxa classified according to geographic distribution groups.[9][8]
Europe
edit- Bartsia alpina L. – velvetbells
Mediterranean Basin
editNortheastern Africa
edit- Hedbergia decurva, synonym of Bartsia decurva Hochst. ex Benth.
- Hedbergia longiflora, synonym of Bartsia longiflora Hochst. ex Benth.
Andean South America
edit- Bartsia acuminata Pursh
- Bartsia altissima Rusby
- Bartsia anomala Edwin
- Bartsia asperrima (Link) Samp.
- Bartsia aurea Edwin
- Neobartsia adenophylla (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia alba (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia aprica (Diels) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia australis (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia bartsioides (Hook.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia camporum (Diels) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia canescens (Wedd.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia chilensis (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia crenata (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia crenoloba (Wedd.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia crisafullii (N.H.Holmgren) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia diffusa (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia elachophylla (Diels) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia elongata (Wedd.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia fiebrigii (Diels) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia filiformis (Wedd.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia flava (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia glandulifera (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia inaequalis (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia integrifolia (Wedd.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia jujuyensis (Cabrera & Botta) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia laniflora (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia laticrenata (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia lydiae (Sylvester) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia melampyroides (Kunth) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia mutica (Kunth) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia orthocarpiflora (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia patens (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia pauciflora (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia pedicularoides (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia peruviana (Walp.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia pumila (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia pyricarpa (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia ramosa (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia remota (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia rigida (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia santolinifolia (Kunth) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia sericea (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia serrata (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia stricta (Kunth) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia strigosa (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia tenuis (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia thiantha (Diels) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia tomentosa (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia trichophylla (Wedd.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia tricolor (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
- Neobartsia weberbaueri (Diels) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
References
edit- ^ Gentil, Ambroise (1923). Dictionnaire étymologique de la flore française (PDF). Paris: Paul Lechevalier. p. 31.
- ^ Burkhardt, Lotte (2018-06-06). Verzeichnis eponymischer Pflanzennamen - Erweiterte Edition. Index of Eponymic Plant Names - Extended Edition. Index de Noms éponymiques des Plantes - Édition augmentée (in German). Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin. p. B21. doi:10.3372/epolist2018. ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5. S2CID 187926901.
- ^ a b Těšitel, Jakub; Říha, Pavel; Svobodová, Šárka; Malinová, Tamara; Štech, Milan (2010-10-28). "Phylogeny, Life History Evolution and Biogeography of the Rhinanthoid Orobanchaceae". Folia Geobotanica. 45 (4): 347–367. Bibcode:2010FolGe..45..347T. doi:10.1007/s12224-010-9089-y. ISSN 1211-9520. S2CID 39873516.
- ^ a b c d Scheunert, Agnes; Fleischmann, Andreas; Olano-Marín, Catalina; Bräuchler, Christian; Heubl, Günther (2012-12-14). "Phylogeny of tribe Rhinantheae (Orobanchaceae) with a focus on biogeography, cytology and re-examination of generic concepts". Taxon. 61 (6): 1269–1285. doi:10.1002/tax.616008.
- ^ Molau, Ulf (1990). "The genus Bartsia (Scrophulariaceae-Rhinanthoideae)". Opera Botanica. 102: 5–99.
- ^ Taylor, K. and F. J. Rumsey. (2003). Bartsia alpina L. Journal of Ecology 91(5), 908-21.
- ^ Uribe-Convers, S. and D. Tank. Phylogenetic analysis of the genus Bartsia L. (Orobanchaceae): a mostly South American genus wrapped in a European Clade. Presentation abstract. Botany 2010. Providence, Rhode Island. August 4, 2010.
- ^ a b c Uribe-Convers, Simon; Tank, David C. (2016-09-01). "Phylogenetic Revision of the Genus Bartsia (Orobanchaceae): Disjunct Distributions Correlate to Independent Lineages". Systematic Botany. 41 (3): 672–684. doi:10.1600/036364416X692299. S2CID 88752480.
- ^ Bartsia. The Plant List.