Methyl propionate, also known as methyl propanoate, is an organic compound with the molecular formula CH3CH2CO2CH3. It is a colorless liquid with a fruity, rum-like odor.[2]
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| Names | |
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| Preferred IUPAC name
Methyl propanoate | |
| Other names
Methyl propionate
Propanoic acid, methyl ester Propionic acid, methyl ester | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.008.238 |
PubChem CID
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| C4H8O2 | |
| Molar mass | 88.106 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid[1] |
| Density | 0.915 g/L[1] |
| Melting point | −88 °C (−126 °F; 185 K)[1] |
| Boiling point | 80 °C (176 °F; 353 K)[1] |
| 72 g/L (20 °C)[1] | |
| -55.0·10−6 cm3/mol | |
| Hazards | |
| Flash point | −2 °C (28 °F; 271 K)[1] |
| 465 °C (869 °F; 738 K)[1] | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Preparation
editMethyl propionate can be prepared by esterification of propionic acid with methanol. Industrially, it is prepared by carboalkoxylation, i.e., the reaction of ethylene with carbon monoxide and methanol in the presence of a catalyst:
- C2H4 + CO + MeOH → MeO2CCH2CH3
The reaction is catalyzed by nickel carbonyl and palladium(0) complexes.[3][4]
Uses
editCondensation of Methyl propionate with formaldehyde followed by dehydration yields methyl methacrylate:[4]
- MeO2CCH2CH3 + CH2O → MeO2CCH(CH2OH)CH3
- MeO2CCH(CH2OH)CH3 → MeO2CC(=CH2)CH3
Methyl propionate is used as a solvent for cellulose nitrate and lacquers, and as a raw material for the production of paints, varnishes and other chemicals such as methyl methacrylate.[2][3]
Due to its fruity smell and taste, it is also used in fragrances and flavoring.[2][5]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g Record in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
- ^ a b c "Methyl Propionate Hazardous Substance Fact Sheet" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services.
- ^ a b Ulf-Rainer Samel; Walter Kohler; Armin Otto Gamer; Ullrich Keuser (2000). "Propionic Acid and Derivatives". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. doi:10.1002/14356007.a22_223.pub2. ISBN 9783527306732.(mayth and yafs)
- ^ a b Scott D. Barnicki "Synthetic Organic Chemicals" in Handbook of Industrial Chemistry and Biotechnology edited by James A. Kent, New York : Springer, 2012. 12th ed. ISBN 978-1-4614-4259-2.
- ^ "Methyl propionate". thegoodscentscompany.com.