Wikipedia

Kastuś Kalinoŭski Regiment

The Kastuś Kalinoŭski Regiment[a] (also known as simply Połk Kalinoŭskaha, the Kalinoŭski Regiment or Bel Warriors),[11] formerly the Kastuś Kalinoŭski Battalion until May 2022[12] is a group of Belarusian opposition volunteers, which was formed to defend Ukraine against the Russian invasion in 2022.[13]

Kastuś Kalinoŭski Regiment (May 2022–present)
Kastuś Kalinoŭski Battalion (March–May 2022)
Полк Кастуся Калиновського
Полк Кастуся Каліноўскага
FoundedMarch 2022
Country Ukraine
TypeForeign volunteer regiment
RoleTerritorial defence
Size300[1]
Part ofArmed Forces of Ukraine
PatronKonstanty Kalinowski
Motto(s)"First Ukraine, then Belarus"
Engagements
WebsiteOfficial Website of the Regiment
Commanders
Current
commander		Pavel Shurmei[6]
Notable
commanders		Dzianis Prokharaŭ (commander 2022–2024)[7]
Vadzim Kabanchuk (deputy commander)
Aliaksiej Skoblia † (deputy commander)
Ivan "Brest" Marchuk  † [8][9]
Pavel "Volat" † (company commander)[10]
Insignia
Flag

As of March 2022, it was reported that more than a thousand Belarusians have applied to join the unit.[14] According to its own statements, the battalion is not incorporated into the International Legion of Territorial Defense of Ukraine in order to preserve greater autonomy.[15]

The unit is named after the Belarusian and Polish national hero Kastuś Kalinoŭski, who was a leader of the January Uprising in 1863 against the Russian Empire in Belarus and Lithuania.[16]

The regiment is confirmed to have suffered seven killed as of July 2022.[17]

History

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Russo-Ukrainian War

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2014–2022: War in Donbas

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Kalinowski Regiment members, among them Dzyanis Urbanowicz [be], pose for a picture on 8 March 2022.

The first foreign volunteer group in Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War was the Pahonia detachment, founded in 2014 during the war in Donbas.[18] The following year, the tactical group "Belarus" was formed uniting Belarusian volunteers fighting in different battalions[19] The Monument to the Belarusians who died for Ukraine in Kyiv is dedicated to the Belarusian volunteers who died during the Russian-Ukrainian War.[20]

2022–present: Russian invasion

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On 9 March, the creation of the Kastuś Kalinoŭski Battalion was announced.[21] The battalion is named after Kastuś Kalinoŭski,[b] a 19th-century Belarusian leader of the 1863 January Uprising against the Russian Empire.[13] It was reported that as of 5 March 2022, about 200 Belarusians had joined the battalion.[22][23] Their motto is ‘First Ukraine, then Belarus’, indicating the volunteers' wish to also liberate Minsk from the Lukashenko regime.[24]

On 13 March, the deputy commander of the battalion, nicknamed "Tur" (real name Aliaksiej Skoblia), was confirmed killed in the Kyiv offensive when his unit was ambushed.[25][26] On 13 April, Ukrainian President Zelenskyy posthumously awarded Skoblia the title of Hero of Ukraine "for personal courage and heroism in defending the state sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine, loyalty to the military oath."[27][28]

On 25 March, it was reported the regiment had taken an oath and has been formally admitted to the Ukrainian Ground Forces.[29] On 29 March, the Kastuś Kalinoŭski Battalion volunteers fought alongside Ukrainian soldiers to recapture Irpin.[30] On 26 March, Dzmitry Apanasovich (call sign "Terror") was killed during fighting in Irpin.[30]

On 1 April, it was reported that thousands of volunteers — many of whom were dissidents who had been arrested following the 2020–2021 Belarusian protests — had applied to be members of the battalion, but that vetting and equipping these volunteers had created a backlog that slowed down their deployment.[31]

On 16 May, a company commander, identified as Pavel "Volat," was reported to have died during the war in Ukraine. The Belarusian newspaper Nasha Niva stated that Volat was the sixth Belarusian fighter killed since the start of the war.[32] "Volat" was killed attempting to rescue four members of the regiment buried under rubble during the Battle of Bakhmut.[10]

On 21 May, battalion commander, Dzianis Prokharaŭ (call sign "Kit") announced that the battalion would become a regiment comprising two separate battalions. This was presented as "a move to the next stage of building a [Belarusian] national military unit" which "tak[es] into account the scale of the tasks facing the Belarusian soldiers".[33] The regiment would consist of three battalions, "Litvin", "Volat", and "Terror." Terror would later split from the Regiment and become an independent unit, the Terror Battalion.[34]

On 17 June, it was announced that volunteers of the Regiment received state Ukrainian decorations "For Battle Merit" and "Ukraine Above All".[35]

On 26 June 2022, four Regiment fighters were killed in a battle with the Russian armored group near Lysychansk, Vasyl Grudovik, Vasyl Parfyankov, Vadym Shatrov and Volat Battalion commander, Ivan Marchuk, nom de guerre Brest. Jan "Trombley" Durbeyka and Siarhei "Klesch" Dzogtsev were taken prisoners of war.[4] On 11 July 2022, they were put on the POW exchange list.[17]

In September 2022, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Belarus recognized the Internet resources of the regiment as an extremist group.[36]

In December 2022, the regiment received a BMP-2 armored vehicle, and in January 2023 a captured T-72 tank. The regiment announced the formation of the first mechanized unit.[citation needed]

On June 9, 2023, the regiment met with the Verkhovna Rada committee "For a Democratic Belarus" to begin cooperating with Ukrainian officials on toppling the current government of Belarus and establishing a free and democratic republic friendly to Ukraine.[34]

On 24 June 2023, shortly after the Wagner Group rebellion ended, the Regiment announced that they have "a large number of reserves in Belarus" and urged the Belarusian population to join them in an unspecified future operation to take control of Belarus.[37][38] Later that day, in a joint statement with Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya, the regiment urged the Belarusian population to "Wait for the signal" for the commencement of an operation to liberate Belarus.[39]

On 15 September, the unit published a video of them walking freely and unopposed through the front-line settlement of Klishchiivka stating that all Russian forces had been pushed out of the settlement as part of the 2023 Ukrainian counteroffensive prior to any official statement of the village's liberation.[40]

Structure

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As of 2024 the regiment's structure is as follows:[41]

  • Regimental HQ and HQ Company
  • 1st Infantry Battalion "Litvin"
  • 2nd Infantry Battalion "Volat"
  • 4th Infantry Battalion "KAŚCIUŠKA"[42]
  • Training company
  • MP service
  • Tactical Group "Kryutsov"
    • Aerial Reconnaissance and Adjustment
    • FPV Unit
    • Long-range Reconnaissance
    • Mortar Battery
  • Engineering platoon
  • Medical service
  • Technical support platoon
  • Financial service

Former units include:[1]

Reactions

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The battalion has been featured on public posters in Kyiv to illustrate Ukrainian-Belarusian military ties.[43]

 
White-red-white flag with Columns of Gediminas in the form of a trident of the Belarusian diaspora in Ukraine, which is also used by the Kastuś Kalinoŭski Regiment[44][45]

The creation of the battalion was endorsed by Belarusian opposition leader Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya, who noted that "more and more people from Belarus join to help Ukrainians defend their country".[46][47] President of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko, an ally of Russian president Vladimir Putin, called the volunteers "crazed citizens".[25]

On 26 March, Deputy Head of the GUBOPiK of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Belarus Mikhail Bedunkevich stated that a criminal case had been instituted in Belarus against 50 people from the Kastuś Kalinoŭski Battalion for participating in an armed conflict in a foreign state.[48]

In November 2022, the European Parliament adopted a resolution expressing its support for the Kastus Kalinouski Regiment.[49]

On September 25, 2024, the Supreme Court of Belarus recognized the Kastuś Kalinoŭski Regiment as a terrorist organization.[50]

Commemoration

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In Rivne, a street was named after Kastuś Kalinoŭski in honor of the Belarusian volunteers.[51]

Notable members

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See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ Ukrainian: Полк імені Кастуся Калиновського, romanized: Polk imeni Kastusia Kalynovs'koho; Belarusian: Полк імя Кастуся Каліноўскага, romanized: Połk imia Kastusia Kalinoŭskaha
  2. ^ Polish: Wincenty Konstanty Kalinowski

References

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  1. ^ a b "Колькі беларускіх добраахвотнікаў ваюе ва Ўкраіне і дзе. Абноўлены гайд па ўсіх фармаваньнях". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (in Belarusian). 10 July 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  2. ^ "Ва Украіне ваюе некалькі груп беларускіх добраахвотнікаў". Polskie Radio (in Belarusian). Retrieved 29 March 2022.
  3. ^ "Бойцы батальона "Волат" полка имени Калиновского защищали Северодонецк". charter97.org (in Russian). 25 June 2022. Archived from the original on 1 August 2022.
  4. ^ a b "З-пад Лісічанска не вярнуліся шэсць беларусаў-каліноўцаў. Апошнім паведамленнем было: "На нас едзе танк. Адпрацаваў па ім"". Nasha Niva (in Belarusian). 6 July 2022. Archived from the original on 6 July 2022.
  5. ^ "Video of a Milan ATGM strike in the Bakhmut area by members of the Kastus Kalinouski regiment on a Russian position". 22 February 2023. Archived from the original on 22 February 2023.
  6. ^ "Рэформы ў Палку Каліноўскага - афіцыйная заява" (in Belarusian).
  7. ^ "Камандзір палка Каліноўскага пра бой у Бучы". Belsat TV (in Belarusian). Archived from the original on 27 June 2022. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  8. ^ "Belarusian Dissident Turned Commander Dies in Ukraine War".
  9. ^ "Belarusian volunteer battalion commander killed". Kyiv Post. 6 July 2022.
  10. ^ a b "One killed, four under rubble: Belarusian soldiers cannot retrieve bodies of their brothers-in-arms in Bakhmut". Yahoo! News. 19 May 2023. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  11. ^ "Investigative Committee files criminal case on Kalinoŭski Regiment fighting in Ukraine". Viasna Human Rights Centre. 11 October 2022.
  12. ^ "Fighting for a future: The Belarusian regiment in Ukraine is staking its claim on democracy". 5 December 2022.
  13. ^ a b Buckby, Jack (10 March 2022). "Putin Won't Like This: Belarusian Volunteers Are Fighting Against Russia in Kyiv". 19FortyFive. Archived from the original on 15 March 2022. Retrieved 15 March 2022.
  14. ^ "Ukraine says they want to dress the Belarusian military in the uniforms of the Russian Federation to participate in the war". Belsat TV. Archived from the original on 31 March 2022. Retrieved 5 April 2022.
  15. ^ "How Belarusian Fighters in Ukraine Evolved Into Prominent Force Against Russian Invasion". Voice of America. Archived from the original on 27 April 2022. Retrieved 2 April 2022.
  16. ^ Melchior, Jillian Kay (2 May 2022). "Opinion | Meet the Belarusians Who Are Fighting Russia in Ukraine". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 23 May 2022. Retrieved 23 May 2022.
  17. ^ a b "Защитников Украины из полка Калиновского включили в список по обмену военнопленными" (in Russian). 11 July 2022.
  18. ^ "Участь в АТО візьме добровольчий загін білорусів "Пагоня"". Espreso TV (in Ukrainian). 8 July 2014. Archived from the original on 5 October 2017. Retrieved 14 January 2018.
  19. ^ "Расея можа паўтарыць украінскі сцэнар у Беларусі". БЕЛАРУСКАЕ РАДЫЁ РАЦЫЯ (in Belarusian). 10 February 2017. Archived from the original on 30 August 2021. Retrieved 19 March 2022.
  20. ^ "Monument to Belarusians who died for Ukraine was opened in Kyiv". Belsat TV.
  21. ^ "Белорусы создали батальон имени Калиновского для обороны Киева". European Radio for Belarus (in Belarusian). 9 March 2022. Archived from the original on 16 April 2022. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  22. ^ "Belarusians From Kastus Kalinouski Battalion Sharpening Their Skills: Video Fact". Charter 97. Archived from the original on 13 March 2022. Retrieved 15 March 2022.
  23. ^ Some Belarusians join the fight against Russia, 28 March 2022, archived from the original on 31 March 2022, retrieved 30 March 2022
  24. ^ Wood, Paul (7 April 2022). "Europe's last dictator: Lukashenko's fate depends on Ukraine". The Spectator. Retrieved 10 April 2022.
  25. ^ a b "Лукашэнка адрэагаваў на ўтварэньне ва Ўкраіне беларускага батальёну імя Кастуся Каліноўскага" [Lukashenka reacted to the formation of Kastuś Kalinoŭski Belarusian battalion in Ukraine]. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (in Belarusian). 15 March 2022. Archived from the original on 19 March 2022. Retrieved 15 March 2022.
  26. ^ "Под Киевом погиб один из основателей белорусского добровольческого движения в Украине" [One of the founders of the Belarusian volunteer movement in Ukraine died near Kyiv]. 24 Kanal (in Russian). 13 March 2022. Archived from the original on 18 March 2022. Retrieved 15 March 2022.
  27. ^ "Беларускага байца Аляксея Скоблю пасьмяротна ўганаравалі званьнем Героя Ўкраіны" [Belarusian fighter Aliaksiej Skoblia posthumously awarded the title of Hero of Ukraine]. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (in Belarusian). 13 April 2022. Archived from the original on 13 April 2022. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  28. ^ "DECREE OF THE PRESIDENT OF UKRAINE №233 / 2022 About conferring the title of Hero of Ukraine". Archived from the original on 14 April 2022. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  29. ^ "Батальён беларускіх добраахвотнікаў імя Каліноўскага ўвайшоў у склад Узброеных сіл Украіны" [A battalion of Belarusian volunteers named after Kalinouski has joined the Armed Forces of Ukraine]. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (in Belarusian). Archived from the original on 26 March 2022. Retrieved 26 March 2022.
  30. ^ a b "Battle For Ukraine Day 34". Charter 97. 29 March 2022. Archived from the original on 1 August 2022. Retrieved 5 April 2022.
  31. ^ Max Bearak (1 April 2022). "A Belarusian battalion fights in Ukraine 'for both countries' freedom'". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 1 April 2022. Retrieved 1 April 2022.
  32. ^ Balachuk, Iryna (16 May 2022). "Company commander of the Belarusian Kastuś Kalinoŭski battalion dies". Ukrainska Pravda. Archived from the original on 16 May 2022. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
  33. ^ "Батальён Каліноўскага становіцца полкам" [Kalinoŭski Battalion Becomes a Regiment]. Nasha Niva (in Belarusian). 21 May 2022. Archived from the original on 22 May 2022. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
  34. ^ a b "Belarusian regiment fighting against Russia and exiled leader to cooperate actions". Euromaidan Press. 9 June 2023. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  35. ^ "Байцы палку Каліноўскага атрымалі ўкраінскія дзяржаўныя ўзнагароды. Фотафакт" [Soldiers of the Kalinoŭski Regiment received Ukrainian state decorations. Photofact]. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (in Belarusian). 17 June 2022. Archived from the original on 20 June 2022. Retrieved 19 June 2022.
  36. ^ МВД признало экстремистскими формированиями ресурсы Полка Калиновского, телеграм-каналы «Движ» и «Баста!»
  37. ^ Stepanenko, Kateryna; Hird, Karolina; Bailey, Riley; Evans, Angelica; Clark, Mason. "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, June 24, 2023". Institute for the Study of War. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  38. ^ Whelan, Luke (24 June 2023). "Belarus rebels warn Lukashenko 'time is approaching' in another huge boost for Ukraine". Daily Express. Retrieved 27 June 2023.
  39. ^ ""Wait for the signal": Belarusian opposition leaders appeal to Belarusians". Yahoo! News. 24 June 2023. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  40. ^ Korshak, Stefan (15 September 2023). "Victory in Andriivka, Possible Capture of Klishchiivka – Ukraine's Local Success in Bakhmut Sector". Kyiv Post. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
  41. ^ "The Kastuś Kalinoŭski Regiment". /bel.army. 11 September 2023.
  42. ^ "The Kalinousky Regiment is now recruiting foreigners". bel.army. Retrieved 9 March 2024.
  43. ^ "У Кіеве з'явіліся беларускія банеры" [Belarusian posters have appeared in Kyiv]. Nasha Niva (in Belarusian). 18 March 2022.
  44. ^ "Білоруси створили в Україні "Білоруський Добровольчий Корпус"". Мілітарний (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 26 December 2022.
  45. ^ Журавель, Дмитро (26 December 2022). "В Україні з'явився "Білоруський Добровольчий Корпус" (ВІДЕО)". ШоТам (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 26 December 2022.
  46. ^ "Svetlana Tikhanovskaya: Is the fate of Belarus tied to the fate of Ukraine?" (Podcast Interview). BBC. 11 March 2022. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
  47. ^ "This is the Kastus Kalinouski battalion – a volunteer group of Belarusians formed to defend Ukraine". Twitter. Archived from the original on 15 March 2022. Retrieved 15 March 2022.
  48. ^ "ГУБАЗіК завёў крымінальную справу супраць байцоў батальёну імя Каліноўскага". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (in Belarusian). 27 March 2022. Archived from the original on 12 April 2022.
  49. ^ "MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the continuing repression of the democratic opposition and civil society in Belarus". European Parliament. 22 November 2022.
  50. ^ "Вярхоўны Суд прызнаў тэрарыстычнай арганізацыяй Полк імя Кастуся Каліноўскага". Nasha Niva (in Belarusian). 25 September 2024. Retrieved 25 September 2024.
  51. ^ "У Роўне з'явіцца вуліца Кастуся Каліноўскага". Belsat TV (in Belarusian). 5 April 2022.
  52. ^ ""Міру не будзе ніколі, пакуль існуе такая грозная імперыя, як Расея". Забіты яшчэ адзін беларус". Belsat TV (in Belarusian). Archived from the original on 14 April 2022. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  53. ^ "Экс-гребец Шурмей о войне в Украине: "Каким бы не был этот путь, он закончится победой украинского и беларусского народов"" [Ex-rower Shurmei about the war in Ukraine: "Whatever this path is, it will end with the victory of the Ukrainian and Belarusian peoples"]. BY.Tribuna.com (in Russian). Archived from the original on 15 March 2022. Retrieved 15 March 2022.
  54. ^ ""Будзе перамога і ў Беларусі; вы зьдзівіцеся, як шмат украінцаў нам дапамогуць". Экс-вясьляр Шурмей пра вайну, Украіну, Лукашэнку і Пазьняка" ["There will be a victory in Belarus as well; you will be surprised how many Ukrainians will help us." Ex-rower Shurmei about the war, Ukraine, Lukashenka and Paznyak]. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (in Belarusian). Archived from the original on 8 April 2022. Retrieved 8 April 2022.
  55. ^ ""Верым, што пераможам Расею, а пасьля вызвалім Беларусь". У беларускую роту тэрабароны Ўкраіны запісаліся сямёра маладафронтаўцаў". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (in Belarusian). 8 March 2022. Archived from the original on 10 March 2022. Retrieved 22 March 2022.
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