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John Tyrrell (died 1437)

For others named John Tyrrell or Tyrell, see John Tyrrell (disambiguation).

Sir John Tyrrell (c.1382 – 2 April 1437),[1] of Heron in the Essex parish of East Horndon, was an English landowner, lawyer, administrator, and politician who was chosen three times as Speaker of the House of Commons.

The Tyrrell arms are blazoned Argent, two chevronels azure, a bordure engrailed gules. The family motto is Sans crainte.[1]

Origins

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John Tyrrell was the eldest son of Walter Tyrrell[1] of Avon Tyrrell, Hampshire, by his wife Eleanor Flambard (died 29 March 1422), daughter and heiress of Edmund Flambard of Shepreth, Cambridgeshire, by his wife Elizabeth FitzRalph, daughter of Richard FitzRalph.[1][2][3] After the death of Walter Tyrrell, Eleanor remarried to Sir Nicholas Haute (1357–c. 1415), MP, of Wadden Hall in Waltham, Kent.[4][5]

John was the grandson and heir of Sir Thomas Tyrrell (died 1382)[6] who was buried at Downham, Essex, in 1382, and was survived by his wife, Alice.[1][3]

Brothers

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Tyrrell had the following four brothers:[7]

  • Edward Tyrrell (died 17 December 1442),[8][1] Esquire, of Downham, who married Anne Pashley, widow of John Bassingbourne and daughter of Sir Robert Pashley by his wife Philippe Sergeaux (sister-in-law of Richard de Vere, 11th Earl of Oxford).[9] By his wife Anne, Edward Tyrrell had the following progeny:[8][2]
    • Edward Tyrrell, who died without issue.[5]
    • Philippe Tyrrell, daughter, who married, before 1446–7, Thomas Cornwallis (died 26 May 1484) of Brome, Suffolk, by whom she had four sons and a daughter.[10]
    • Margaret Tyrrell, who married Robert Mounteney.[8][5][2]
  • He also had
    • John Tyrrell, illegitimate son.[11]
  • Richard Tyrrell;
  • Thomas Tyrrell;
  • William Tyrrell, who died before 1442.

Sisters

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He probably also had a sister:

Career

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John Tyrrell was appointed High Sheriff of Essex and Hertfordshire in 1413 and again in 1423. He was elected knight of the shire for Essex 12 times between 1411 and 1437 and once for Hertfordshire in 1427. He was elected Speaker of the House of Commons three times, in 1421, 1429 and 1437.[citation needed]

In 1427 he was appointed steward of Clare in Suffolk and Thaxted in Essex, during the minority of Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York, and chief steward of the Duchy of Lancaster north of Trent.[1] He was a member of King Henry VI's council in France in 1431.[citation needed] He was knighted in 1431 and in May of that year was appointed Treasurer of the Royal Household, a post he held until his death.[1]

Marriages and issue

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First marriage

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Tyrrell married firstly, at some time before 1411,[citation needed] Alice Coggeshall (died 1422), daughter and co-heiress of Sir William Coggeshall[1][13] by his wife Antiocha Hawkwood, daughter and heiress of Sir John Hawkwood,[14][15] by whom he had five surviving sons[1] and four daughters,[16] including:

  • Sir Thomas Tyrrell (c. 1411 – 28 March 1477) of Heron, eldest son and heir not only to his father[1][13] but also to his uncle Edward Tyrrell (died 1442). He married Anne Marney, daughter of Sir William Marney (died 21 or 24 August 1414) by his wife Elizabeth Sergeaux, by whom he had four sons and two daughters:[1]
    • Sir William Tyrrell, slain at the Battle of Barnet in 1471, who married firstly Eleanor Darcy, by whom he had a son, Sir Thomas Tyrrell (c. 1453–1512).[17][18] He married secondly to Eleanor Hungerford;[19][20]
    • Humphrey Tyrrell (died c. 1507), Esquire, who married firstly Isabel Helion, and secondly Elizabeth Walwin;
    • Sir Robert Tyrrell (died 1508), who married firstly Christian Hartshorn,[21] and secondly to a certain Elizabeth, whose surname is unknown.
    • Thomas Tyrrell (died 26 March 1476), esquire, who married Elizabeth Bruyn (died March 1494), who later remarried to Sir William Brandon (d.1485), by whom she was the mother of Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk.[22][23][24][25]
    • Anne Tyrrell, who married John Darcy
    • Elizabeth Tyrrell (died after 1487), who married firstly Sir Robert Darcy (died 2 November 1469), and secondly, Richard Haute (died 8 April 1487), Esquire.[26][27][28][5][29]
  • William Tyrrell of Gipping, Suffolk, beheaded on Tower Hill 23 February 1462, who married Margaret Darcy, by whom he was the father of Sir James Tyrrell.[1]
  • William Tyrrell (died c. 1471) of Beeches in Rawreth, Essex, who married firstly Anne Fitz Simon, the daughter of Robert Fitz Simon, and secondly Philippa Thornbury, the daughter of John Thornbury.[1][30]
  • Alice Tyrrell (died 1460), who married firstly Hamo Strange, secondly William Skrene the younger (died 1431), eldest son of William Skrene, Chief Baron of the Irish Exchequer, and thirdly Thomas Pigot, and had a son, John Skrene (died 1452), by her second husband.

Second marriage

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He married secondly, at some time before 1427,[31] Katherine Burgate (died after 1436), the widow successively of Robert Stonham (died 1397), of Stonham Aspal, Suffolk,[32] and John Spencer (died 1417), of Banham, Norfolk,[33] and daughter and co-heiress of Sir William Burgate (died 24 July 1409) of Burgate, Suffolk, by his wife Eleanor Visdelou, daughter of Sir Thomas Visdelou,[1][34] by whom he had a daughter.[16]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Horrox 2004.
  2. ^ a b c Moriarty 1955, pp. 17–31.
  3. ^ a b Knighton 2003, pp. 107–9.
  4. ^ Haute, Sir Nicholas (1357-c. 1415), of Wadden Hall in Waltham, Kent, History of Parliament Retrieved 17 July 2013.
  5. ^ a b c d e Jacob 1938, pp. 628–36.
  6. ^ The History of Parliament states that John Tyrrell was the nephew of Sir Thomas Tyrrell (d.1382); however Horrox states that this is an error, and that John Tyrrell was the grandson of Sir Thomas Tyrrell (d.1382).
  7. ^ According to the will of his younger brother, Edward Tyrrell (d. 17 December 1442),Richardson II 2011, p. 19Horrox 2004 Esquire, of Downham
  8. ^ a b c Richardson II 2011, p. 19.
  9. ^ Philippe Sergeaux's sister, Alice Sergeaux (1386–1452), married Richard de Vere, 11th Earl of Oxford, by whom she was the mother of John de Vere, 12th Earl of Oxford; Richardson IV 2011, p. 271.
  10. ^ Richardson II 2011, p. 20.
  11. ^ Matthews, Helen Sarah. "Illegitimacy and English Landed Society c.1285-c.1500, PhD thesis, University of London" (PDF). pp. 109, 258. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 March 2014. Retrieved 18 July 2013.
  12. ^ Lisle, Sir William (d.1442), of Waterperry, Oxfordshire, and Great Wilbraham, Cambridgeshire Retrieved 18 July 2013.
  13. ^ a b Richardson I 2011, p. 14.
  14. ^ King I 1865, p. 78-9.
  15. ^ According to Leader, the marriage of Sir William Coggeshall and Antiocha Hawkwood is not documented; Leader 1889, p. 307.
  16. ^ a b Roskell & Woodger 1993.
  17. ^ Ross 2011, p. 237.
  18. ^ Sir Thomas Tyrrell (c. 1453–1510?) married firstly Anne Devereux, daughter of Walter Devereux, 8th Baron Ferrers of Chartley (c. 1432–1485), and secondly Beatrix Cokayne (d.1513), widow of John Sutton of London, and daughter of John Cockayne of Derbyshire; Horrox 2004
  19. ^ Richardson II 2011, p. 502.
  20. ^ Richardson III 2011, p. 62.
  21. ^ According to King, pp. 175–7, her name was Christian Harleston
  22. ^ Gunn 1988, pp. 46–7.
  23. ^ Richardson I 2011, p. 298.
  24. ^ Richardson II 2011, pp. 359–60.
  25. ^ Burke 1834, p. 205.
  26. ^ Fleming 2004.
  27. ^ Richardson I 2011, pp. 14–15.
  28. ^ Richardson III 2011, pp. 216–17.
  29. ^ Metcalfe 1878, pp. 300–301.
  30. ^ King I 1865, pp. 85–87.
  31. ^ 1427 date of lawsuit
  32. ^ Stonham, Robert (d.1455), of Stonhams in Rattlesden, Suffolk and Dillington, Huntingdonshire, History of Parliament Retrieved 17 July 2013.
  33. ^ Spencer, John (d.1417), of Banham, Norfolk and Burgate, Suffolk, History of Parliament Retrieved 17 July 2013.
  34. ^ Burgate, Sir William (d.1409), of Burgate, Suffolk, History of Parliament Retrieved 17 July 2013.

Sources

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Political offices
Preceded by Speaker of the House of Commons
1427-1428 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Speaker of the House of Commons
1431 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Speaker of the House of Commons
1437 		Succeeded by
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