Jet Ski is the brand name of a personal watercraft (PWC)[1] manufactured by Kawasaki,[2] a Japanese company.[3] The term is often used generically to refer to any type of personal watercraft used mainly for recreation, and it is also used as a verb to describe the use of any type of PWC.
A runabout-style PWC typically carries one to three people seated in a configuration like a typical bicycle or motorcycle.
Kawasaki Jet Ski
edit"Jet Ski" is a proper noun and registered trademark of Kawasaki. Released in 1972, the stand-up Kawasaki Jet Ski was the first commercially successful personal watercraft in America (after reaching a license agreement with the inventor of the Sea-Doo, Clayton Jacobson II when his license agreement with Bombardier expired).[2] The Kawasaki Jet Ski was the only commercially successful PWC for almost 16 years, from the introduction of the WSAA in October 1972 through the reintroduction of the sit-down, runabout-style Bombardier Sea-Doo in 1988.[4][5]
With the introduction of the Jet Ski, Kawasaki helped create the United States Jet Ski Boating Association (USJSBA), in cooperation with aftermarket companies and enthusiasts. In 1982 the name was changed to the International Jet Sports Boating Association (IJSBA). At the start, only JS440 stand-ups were raced. After Kawasaki introduced the runabout-style X2 in 1986, it gained its own class, later to be renamed the "Sport Class".[4]
Stand-up model history
edit1972–1976
editKawasaki introduced the first production stand-up PWC in October 1972.[6] The WSAA and follow-on WSAB were powered by modified 400cc 2-stroke twin-cylinder engines. The WSAA was designed with a flat hull and the WSAB came with a convex v-hull design. The design concept distinctive of these original craft included a fully enclosed impeller for safety, self-righting, and self-circling features. Without a lanyard the self-circling allowed the rider to swim back to the idling craft after falling off. Kawasaki called them "Water Jet" and "Power Skis" before they settled on the name "Jet Ski".[7]
1976–1982
editThe 1976 JS400 was popular among thrill-seeking recreational riders and racers. The 1977 JS440 offered more power and performance. It was one of Kawasaki's longest-selling models. In 1982, Kawasaki introduced the JS550, which had better performance. The 550 featured a newly designed high-capacity mixed-flow pump, driven by a 531cc engine. The 550 introduced an automatic rev limiter to prevent engine damage when the pump cavitates. The JS550 also introduced underwater exhaust for quieter operation.
1982–1986
editWhile the JS550 continued to be improved, in 1986, Kawasaki introduced the JS300. The JS300 was a single-cylinder 294cc two-stroke engine featuring automatic oil injection. They also added the 650 X2, their first sit-down Jet Ski, and originator of the Sport Class for PWC racing.
1987–1992
editKawasaki introduced the JS650SX. It featured a higher capacity axial flow pump and a powerful 635cc two-stroke twin engine in a modified V-hull design for increased maneuverability and stability.
In 1992, the company introduced a stand-up JS750-A. The engine was a twin-cylinder 743 cc two-stroke with reed valves and automatic oil injection. The redesigned hull was lighter in weight and more maneuverable.
1995
editThe 750 SXI (JS750-B) was introduced and became the first stand-up Jet Ski with dual carburetors.
2003
editKawasaki introduced the SX-R 800 (JS800A), which increased displacement to 781cc, in the form of an in-line twin 2-stroke engine, generating 80hp. The SX-R also moved to a fiberglass-reinforced plastic (FRP) hull and top deck.
2006
editKawasaki introduced the X2 800 (JF800A), which used the JS800A engine, jet unit and lower hull. This was released as an updated version similar to the 650cc X2 previously released in the 1980s. [8]
2011
editDue to US EPA restrictions, Kawasaki released their final two-stroke stand-up, and discontinued the JS800 SX-R. The model was designated the JS800ABF.[9]
2017
editOn October 6, 2016, Kawasaki reintroduced the stand-up Jet Ski. The SX-R 1500 shared little with its predecessors. It was 8 feet 9 inches (2.67 m), 550+ pounds (250 kg), powered by a 160 horsepower (120 kW) inline 4-cylinder four-stroke engine.[10]
Jet ski
editKawasaki produced various models of the Jet Ski starting in 1972, beginning with the JS400 and leading up to the current JS1500.
Year and Model
edit- 1980: JS400
- 1981: JS440
- 1982: JS440, JS550
- 1983: JS440, JS550
- 1984: JS440, JS550
- 1985: JS440, JS550
- 1986: JS300 B-1, JS440A10, JS550
- 1987: JS300-A1 300SX, JS300-B2, JS440-A11, JS550-A6, JS 650-A1 650SX
- 1988: JS300-A2 300SX, JS300-B3, JS440-A12, JS550-A7, JS650-A2 650SX
- 1989: JS300-A3 300SX. JS440-A13, JS550-A8, JS 650-A3 650SX
- 1990: JS300-A4 300SX, JS440-A14, JS500-B1 550SX, JS650-A4SX
- 1991: JS300-A5 300SX, JS 440-A15, JS550-C1 550SX, JS 650-B1 650SX
- 1992: JS440-A16, JS550-C2 550SX, JS650-B2 650SX, JS750-A1 750SX
- 1993: JS550-C3 550SX, JS650-B3 650SX, JS 750-A2 750SX
- 1994: JS550-C4 550SX, JS750-A3 750SX
- 1995: JS550-C5 550SX, JS750-A4 750SX, JS750 B-1 750SXI
- 1996: JS750-B2 750SXI
- 1997: Focused on sit-down Jet Ski
- 1998: JS750-C1 SXI PRO
- 1999: JS750-C2 SXI PRO
- 2000: JS 750 SXI PRO
- 2001: JS750 SXI PRO
- 2002: JS750 SXI PRO
- 2003: JS800 SXR
- 2004: JS800 SXR
- 2005: JS800 SXR
- 2006: JS800 SXR
- 2006: JF800 X2
- 2007: JS800 SXR
- 2007: JF800 X2
- 2008: JS800 SXR
- 2009: JS800 SXR
- 2010: JS800 SXR
- 2011: JS800 SXR
- 2012–2016: N/A due to EPA laws and regulations
- 2017: SX-R
- 2018: SX-R
- 2019: SX-R
- 2020: SX-R
- 2021: SX-R
- 2022: SX-R
Other stand-up manufacturers
editIn 1990 Yamaha introduced the Super Jet. It was designed in consultation with Clayton Jacobson II. 2020 marked the last model year offered with a 2-stroke as the 2021 model featured a 4-stroke engine.
In 1994–1995 Yamaha introduced the FX-1, which had a limited production of 1500 units.
In 2002-2004 Polaris made the Octane, 777cc 2 stroke 2 Cylinder
Mid 2000s, Benelli S4 Hydrospace, 2 Cylinder 4T turbo 750cc. With various models made until early 2010's.
In 2004 Bombardier introduced the Sea-Doo 3D, which was only sold between 2005–2007.
Various manufacturers produce a range of aftermarket competition hulls for stand-up PWCs.
References
edit- ^ "Jet Ski". Cambridge English Dictionary. Archived from the original on 17 April 2017. Retrieved 7 May 2017.
- ^ a b Josephson, Paul R. (2007). Motorized Obsessions: Life, Liberty, and the Small-Bore Engine. JHU Press. p. 150. ISBN 9780801886416. Retrieved 2012-08-24.
- ^ "Japanese inventions that changed the world". CNN. 13 June 2017. Archived from the original on 2017-11-03.
- ^ a b Vasilis Moraitis. "Jet Ski History 1973-2012". Jetskiworld. Archived from the original on 13 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
- ^ Vasilis Moraitis. "Kawasaki Jet Ski stand-up 37 years history - World Exclusive Legendary stand-ups". Jetskiworld. Archived from the original on 19 January 2018. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
- ^ "Who Invented Jet Skis and Sea-Doos? History of PWCs [Video]". JetDrift. 2019-12-21. Retrieved 2022-09-29.
- ^ "History of the Jet Ski - stand-up watercraft". JetSki Club. 5 March 2014. Retrieved 12 February 2018.[dead link]
- ^ "Kawasaki X2-800 Service Manual.", https://www.dockerty.co.nz/X2-800_JF800A6F_2006_to_2008.pdf
- ^ "2011 KAWASAKI JET SKI® 800 SX-R". Personal Watercraft. 14 April 2011. Archived from the original on 11 July 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
- ^ Jeff Hemmel (12 June 2017). "Kawasaki Jet Ski SXR Review". Boats.com. Archived from the original on 17 January 2018. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
- ^ “1995 Kawasaki Prices & Values.” NADAguides, https://www.nadaguides.com/Boats/1995/Kawasaki. Accessed 31 May 2022.
- ^ "Kawasaki X2-800 Service Manual.", https://www.dockerty.co.nz/X2-800_JF800A6F_2006_to_2008.pdf
External links
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