Jehoahaz II of Israel (Hebrew: יְהוֹאָחָז Yəhō’āḥāz, meaning "Yahweh has held"; Latin: Joachaz) was the eleventh king of Israel and the son of Jehu (2 Kings 10:35; 13:1). He reigned for seventeen years.
| Jehoahaz | |
|---|---|
 | |
| King of Israel (Northern Kingdom) | |
| Reign | c. 814 – c. 798 BC |
| Predecessor | Jehu |
| Successor | Jehoash |
| Father | Jehu |
History
editWilliam F. Albright dated his reign to 815–801 BC, while E. R. Thiele offered the dates 814–798 BC.[1]
Biblical narrative
edit
The account in 2 Kings states that he did evil in the sight of Yahweh, and his people followed the religious practices of the house of Jeroboam, which included the worship of a cultic pole of Asherah in Samaria. The kings of the Arameans, Hazael and Ben-hadad, prevailed over him (2 Kings 13:1–3). Jehoahaz besought the Lord for a deliverer to relieve Israel from Aramean oppression, and He provided a savior for Israel, who is not named.[2] The Arameans were defeated, but this left Jehoahaz with an army reduced to 50 horsemen, 10 chariots and 10,000 foot soldiers.[3]
Identity of the deliverer
edit2 Kings 13:25 suggests that Jehoahaz's son Joash, who recaptured a number of Israelite cities in three successful battles, could have been the deliverer referred to in 2 Kings 13:5, and the Geneva Study Bible maintains this view,[4] but the Jerusalem Bible[5] and the Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges[6] argue that Jeroboam II, Joash's son, was the deliverer, citing 2 Kings 14:27:
- The Lord ... saved them by the hand of Jeroboam the son of Joash
The Pulpit Commentary agrees that this was "probably" the case.[7]
Adad-nirari III, King of Assyria, (812–783 BC) also made campaigns into the west (804–797 BC), and on one of these incursions captured and sacked the city of Damascus, thus removing the worst enemy of Israel's prosperity, and so he could also be considered the "deliverer".[2]
References
edit- ^ Edwin Thiele, The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings, (1st ed.; New York: Macmillan, 1951; 2d ed.; Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1965; 3rd ed.; Grand Rapids: Zondervan/Kregel, 1983). ISBN 0-8254-3825-X, 9780825438257
- ^ a b Jewish Encyclopedia, "Jehoahaz"
- ^ 2 Kings 13:4–7
- ^ Geneva Study Bible of 2 Kings 13, accessed 6 January 2018
- ^ Footnote at 2 Kings 13:5
- ^ Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges on 2 Kings 13, accessed 6 January 2018
- ^ Pulpit Commentary on 2 Kings 13, accessed 6 January 2018