Gongliu County (Chinese: 巩留县) as the official romanized name, also transliterated from Uyghur as Tokkuztara County (Uyghur: توققۇزتارا ناھىيىسى; Chinese: 特克斯塔留县), is a county situated within the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture. It contains an area of 4,119 km2 (1,590 sq mi). According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 160,000.
Gongliu County
Tokkuztara County | |
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  Gongliu Location of the seat in Xinjiang  Gongliu Gongliu (Xinjiang)  Gongliu Gongliu (China) | |
| Coordinates: 43°28′00″N 82°08′56″E / 43.46667°N 82.14889°E | |
| Country | China |
| Autonomous region | Xinjiang |
| Autonomous prefecture | Ili |
| County seat | Toqquztara Town |
| Area | |
• Total | 4,116 km2 (1,589 sq mi) |
| Population (2020)[1] | |
• Total | 175,766 |
| • Density | 43/km2 (110/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard[a]) |
| Website | www |
| Gongliu | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese name | |||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 巩留县 | ||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 鞏留縣 | ||||||||||
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| Alternative Chinese name | |||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 特克斯塔留 | ||||||||||
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| Uyghur name | |||||||||||
| Uyghur | توققۇزتارا ناھىيىسى | ||||||||||
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| Kazakh name | |||||||||||
| Kazakh | توعىزتاراۋ اۋدانى
Kazakh Cyrillic: Тоғызтарау ауданы Kazakh Latin alphabet: Toǵyztaraý aýdany | ||||||||||
Name
editThe place was originally named Tokkuztara, meaning "nine streams" because branches of the Ili River merged in the area. When a county was set up in 1932, Gongliu was chosen as the official name, which is an abbreviation of Gonggu Changliu ("巩固长留"), literally Stability and Long-lasting.[2]
Administrative divisions
editGongliu County is divided into 6 towns and 2 townships.
| Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Uyghur (UEY) | Uyghur Latin (ULY) | Kazakh (Arabic script) | Kazakh (Cyrillic script) | Number of communities | Population (thousand) | Land area (km2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Towns | |||||||||
| Toqquztara Town | 巩留镇 | Gǒngliú Zhèn | توققۇزتارا بازىرى | toqquztara baziri | توعىزتاراۋ قالاشىعى | 7 | 24.7 | 29 | |
| Aqtobek Town | 阿克吐别克镇 | Ākètǔbiékè Zhèn | ئاقتۆبەك بازىرى | Aqtöbek baziri | اقتۇبەك قالاشىعى | 6 | 9.7 | 613.3 | |
| Kongdeneng Town | 库尔德宁镇 | Kù'ěrdéníng Zhèn | كۆلدەنەڭ بازىرى | köldeneng baziri | كولدەنەڭ قالاشىعى | 7 | 9.8 | 568 | |
| Dongmehelle Town | 东买里镇 | Dōngmǎilǐ Zhèn | دۆڭمەھەللە بازىرى | döngmehelle baziri | دوڭمالى قالاشىعى | 8 | 27 | 317 | |
| Agharsin Town | 阿尕尔森镇 | Āgǎ'ěrsēn Zhèn | ئاغارسىن بازىرى | Agharsin baziri | اعارسىن قالاشىعى | 9 | 21.5 | 714 | |
| Tikeriq Town | 提克阿热克镇 | Tíkè'ārèkè Zhèn | تىكئېرىق بازىرى | tik'ëriq baziri | تىكارىق قالاشىعى | 8 | 13.7 | 426.7 | |
| Townships | |||||||||
| Jirghilang Township | 吉尔格郎乡 | Jí'ěrgéláng Xiāng | جىرغالاڭ يېزىسى | jirghalang yëzisi | جىرعالاڭ اۋىلى | 6 | 6.6 | 420 | |
| Tashtope Township | 塔斯托别乡 | Tǎsītuōbié Xiāng | تاشتۆپە يېزىسى | tashtöpe yëzisi | تاستوبە اۋىلى | 8 | 23.3 | 414 | |
Note:
- 1. On October 21, 2014, with the approval of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Government, the original Dongmahalla Township was renamed Dongmahalla Town.[3]
- 2. In 2013, with the approval of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Government, the original Agarsin Township was renamed Agarsin Town.
- 3. On July 13, 2016, with the approval of the People's Government of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the original Tikirik Township was renamed Tikirik Town.[4]
- 4. On January 24, 2013, with the approval of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Government, it was renamed the original "Muhur Township" Koldeneng Town.
Climate
edit| Climate data for Gongliu (1991–2020 normals) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −1.0 (30.2) |
2.3 (36.1) |
11.5 (52.7) |
20.4 (68.7) |
24.7 (76.5) |
28.2 (82.8) |
30.2 (86.4) |
29.4 (84.9) |
25.3 (77.5) |
18.2 (64.8) |
8.9 (48.0) |
1.1 (34.0) |
16.6 (61.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −8.8 (16.2) |
−4.6 (23.7) |
4.5 (40.1) |
12.4 (54.3) |
17.0 (62.6) |
20.7 (69.3) |
22.2 (72.0) |
20.9 (69.6) |
16.1 (61.0) |
9.1 (48.4) |
1.9 (35.4) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
8.8 (47.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −14.7 (5.5) |
−10.3 (13.5) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
5.6 (42.1) |
10.2 (50.4) |
14.0 (57.2) |
15.2 (59.4) |
13.5 (56.3) |
8.6 (47.5) |
2.5 (36.5) |
−2.9 (26.8) |
−10.4 (13.3) |
2.5 (36.5) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 13.0 (0.51) |
16.0 (0.63) |
17.3 (0.68) |
34.1 (1.34) |
37.4 (1.47) |
44.4 (1.75) |
34.3 (1.35) |
28.9 (1.14) |
17.8 (0.70) |
21.5 (0.85) |
23.5 (0.93) |
16.8 (0.66) |
305 (12.01) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 7.2 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 9.0 | 10.0 | 11.2 | 9.9 | 8.7 | 6.2 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 8.2 | 99.8 |
| Average snowy days | 8.3 | 8.8 | 4.3 | 1.2 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.7 | 5.1 | 9.5 | 38 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 76 | 75 | 69 | 60 | 59 | 62 | 64 | 65 | 66 | 71 | 76 | 78 | 68 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 163.3 | 168.6 | 217.2 | 240.1 | 284.3 | 282.1 | 304.9 | 295.7 | 260.1 | 222.7 | 152.9 | 141.3 | 2,733.2 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 56 | 56 | 58 | 59 | 62 | 61 | 66 | 70 | 71 | 67 | 54 | 51 | 61 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[5][6] | |||||||||||||
Notes
edit- ^ Locals in Xinjiang frequently observe UTC+6 (Xinjiang Time), 2 hours behind Beijing.
References
edit- ^ Xinjiang: Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties
- ^ "巩留县人民政府 - 巩留概况". Archived from the original on 2015-03-16. Retrieved 2015-04-21.
- ^ "ش ئۇ ئا ر خەلق ھۆكۈمىتىنىڭ تەستىقنامىسى(دۆڭمەھەللە بازىرى)". Archived from the original on 2017-09-21. Retrieved 2020-05-10.
- ^ "ش ئۇ ئا ر خەلق ھۆكۈمىتىنىڭ تەستىقنامىسى(ئاغارسىن بازىرى)". Archived from the original on 2017-09-21. Retrieved 2020-05-10.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
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