You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Italian. (December 2020) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
|
Giuseppe Saragat (Italian pronunciation: [dʒuˈzɛppe ˈsaːraɡat];[a] 19 September 1898 – 11 June 1988)[2] was an Italian politician and statesman who served as the president of Italy from 1964 to 1971.
Giuseppe Saragat | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
.jpg) Official portrait, 1971 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5th President of Italy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In office 29 December 1964 – 29 December 1971 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prime Minister | Aldo Moro Giovanni Leone Mariano Rumor Emilio Colombo | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Antonio Segni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Succeeded by | Giovanni Leone | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| President of the Constituent Assembly | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In office 25 June 1946 – 6 February 1947 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Office established | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Succeeded by | Umberto Terracini | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Personal details | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Born | 19 September 1898 Turin, Italy | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Died | 11 June 1988 (aged 89) Rome, Italy | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Political party | PSU (1922–1930) PSI (1930–1947) PSDI (1947–1988) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spouse |
Giuseppina Bollani
(m. 1926; died 1961) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alma mater | University of Turin | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Early life
editSaragat was born on 19 September 1898 in Turin, Piedmont, Kingdom of Italy, to Sardinian parents. He was a member of the Unitary Socialist Party (Partito Socialista Unitario; PSU) from 1922. He moved to Vienna in 1926 and to France in 1929.
Political career
editFollowing the dissolution of the PSU in 1930, Saragat joined the Italian Socialist Party (Partito Socialista Italiano, PSI). A reformist, he was a democratic socialist who left the PSI in 1947 out of concern over its then-close alliance with the Italian Communist Party. He subsequently founded the Socialist Party of Italian Workers (Partito Socialista dei Lavoratori Italiani, PSLI), which in 1952 became the Italian Democratic Socialist Party (Partito Socialista Democratico Italiano; PSDI). He was to be the paramount leader of the PSDI for the rest of his life.[3]
In 1944, Saragat had been a minister without portfolio and ambassador in Paris from 1945 to 1946, before he was appointed president of the Constituent Assembly of Italy that same year upon the establishment of the Italian Republic. He was minister of foreign affairs in the Moro I Cabinet and Moro II Cabinet, headed by Christian Democracy leader Aldo Moro from 1963 to late 1964, when he was chosen as President of the Italian Republic. His election demonstrated a rare instance of unity among the Italian left and followed rumours of a possible neo-fascist coup, Piano Solo, during Antonio Segni's presidency.[3][4]
Saragat died in Rome, Lazio, on 11 June 1988. An atheist,[1] he is said to have become a Catholic and had a religious funeral.[5]
Electoral history
edit| Election | House | Constituency | Party | Votes | Result | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1946 | Constituent Assembly | Rome–Viterbo–Latina–Frosinone | PSIUP | 29,981 |  Elected
| |
| 1948 | Chamber of Deputies | Turin–Novara–Vercelli | US | 31,988 | Elected
| |
| 1953 | Chamber of Deputies | Turin–Novara–Vercelli | PSDI | 16,833 | Elected
| |
| 1958 | Chamber of Deputies | Turin–Novara–Vercelli | PSDI | 12,484 | Elected
| |
| 1963 | Chamber of Deputies | Turin–Novara–Vercelli | PSDI | 24,539 | Elected
| |
Presidential elections
edit| 1964 presidential election (21st ballot) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Candidate | Supported by | Votes | % | |
| Giuseppe Saragat | PSDI, DC, PSI, PCI, PRI | 646 | 67.1 | |
| Gaetano Martino | PLI | 56 | 5.8 | |
| Augusto De Marsanich | MSI, PDIUM | 40 | 4.1 | |
| Others / Invalid votes | 185 | 19.2 | ||
| Total | 927 | 100.0 | ||
Notes
edit- ^ Prescribed pronunciation is [ˈsaːraɡat] but etimologically it would have been [saraˈɡat] from Sardinian surname (of Catalan descent) Saragattu-Mulinas.
References
edit- ^ a b Vespa, Bruno (7 October 2010). L'amore e il potere: da Rachele a Veronica, un secolo di storia italiana (in Italian). Milan: Mondadori. ISBN 978-88-520-1203-7. Retrieved 14 August 2018 – via Google Books.
- ^ Rizzo, Tito Lucrezio (23 October 2012). Parla il Capo dello Stato: sessanta anni di vita repubblicana attraverso il Quirinale 1946-2006 (in Italian). Rome: Gangemi. ISBN 978-88-492-7460-8. Retrieved 14 August 2018 – via Google Books.
- ^ a b "Saragat, Giuseppe". Dizionario di Storia (in Italian). Treccani. 2011. Retrieved 20 April 2013.
- ^ Hevesi, Dennis (12 June 1988). "Giuseppe Saragat Is Dead at 89; President of Italy From '64 to '71". The New York Times. Retrieved 14 August 2018.
- ^ Rizzi, Filippo (13 April 2010). "Padre Rotondi e la "conversione" di Saragat". Avvenire (in Italian). Retrieved 23 April 2023.
External links
edit- Newspaper clippings about Giuseppe Saragat in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW
Media related to Giuseppe Saragat at Wikimedia Commons
