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Ahiri (pronounced āhiri) is a rāgam in Carnatic music. It is a janya rāgam (derived scale), and associated with the 14th melakarta scale Vakulabharanam.[1][2] It has also been associated with the 8th melakarta scale Hanumatodi.[1][2] Though it has all the seven swaras (musical notes) in the ascending and descending scale, the presence of zig-zag notes (vakra swaras) makes it a janya rāgam.
| Arohanam | S R₁ M₁ G₃ M₁ P D₁ N₂ Ṡ |
|---|---|
| Avarohanam | S R₁ S G₃ M₁ P D₁ N₂ Ṡ |
Ahiri is an ancient rāgam mentioned in Sangita Makarandha and Sangita samayasara.[2] It is a difficult rāgam to master, but it is rewarding. The rāgam is synonymous with karuna rasa (compassion).[1][2] It is considered an early-morning scale.[2]
Structure and Lakshana
editAhiri is an asymmetric rāgam which has vakra swaras (zig-zag notes) in the ascending scale. It is a sampurna rāgam (containing all 7 notes).[1][2] Several ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structures (ascending and descending scale) are assigned due to the usage of foreign notes (bhashanga prayogas):
- ārohaṇa : S R₁ M₁ G₃ M₁ P D₁ N₂ Ṡ[a] (also S R₁ S G₃ M₁ P D₁ N₂ Ṡ[b])
- avarohaṇa : Ṡ N₂ D₁ P M₁ G₃ R₁ S[c]
The notes used in this scale are shadjam, shuddha rishabham, antara gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, panchamam, shuddha dhaivatam and kaisiki nishadham in the scale. For the details of the notations and terms, see swaras in Carnatic music.
Since there is additional usage of external (foreign) notes, in comparison to its parent scale, it is considered a bhashanga rāgam.[1][2] Notes Ri, Ga, Dha and Ni which are different from the parent scale are used in this scale and is considered to have lot of subtle srutis.
Popular compositions
editThere are many compositions set to Ahiri rāgam. Here are some popular kritis composed in this rāgam.
- Challare Ramachandrunipai (Sompaina Manasutho) composed by Tyagaraja
- Adaya Sri Raghuvara by Tyagaraja
- Mayamma Anine by Syama Sastri
- Sri Kamalamba Jayati by Muthuswamy Dikshitar
- Kusumakara Vimana Rudham by Muthuswamy Dikshitar
- Panimathi Mukhi Bale, a Malayalam Padam by Swathi Thirunal Rama Varma
- Pannagendra Shaya by Swathi Thirunal Rama Varma
- "Oorilen" by subhashini parthasarathy in (rangamallika)
- "Ethinay nallamma" by balakrishnan
- Ninne Kori-Ata Thala Varnam by Tharangambadi Panchanada Iyer
- Dheenarakshaka by Tanjore Quartet
Film Songs
editLanguage:Tamil and Malayalam
edit| Song | Movie | Composer | Singer |
|---|---|---|---|
| Inbame Undhan Per | Idhayakkani | M. S. Viswanathan | T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela |
| Oru Murai Vanthu, Pazham thamil pattizhayum | Manichitrathazhu | M. G. Radhakrishnan | K. J. Yesudas, K. S. Chithra, Sujatha Mohan(Reprise) |
| Ezhumalayanin Magimai | Ezhumalayaan Magimai | Illayaraja | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam |
| Kattu Kuyil Paatu | Chinna Mapillai | Mano, Swarnalatha | |
| Kannurangu Ponmayile | Idhu Namma Aalu | K. Bhagyaraj | K. J. Yesudas |
| Kadhalenum Thervezhudhi | Kadhalar Dhinam | A. R. Rahman | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Swarnalatha |
| Kaattu Sirukki | Raavanan | Shankar Mahadevan, Anuradha Sriram |
A popular Hindi film song in Ahiri Ragam is - Ay Chand Teri Chandni Ki Kasam from the movie Tera Jadoo Chal Gaya, composed by Ismail Darbar and sung by Sonu Nigam & Alka Yagnik
Popular Malayalam film songs in Ahiri Ragam are Pazhanthamil from the movie Manichitrathazhu, and chempakappoonkattile from rathinirvedam
