The 9M337 Sosna-R (Pine) (SA-X-25)[1][2] is a Russian radar and laser-guided supersonic (Mach 2.6) two-stage missile. It is used in Sosna-R short range air defense missile system designed to protect military units from air attacks in all types of combat situations, including during march.
| 9M337 Sosna-R | |
|---|---|
 Sosna surface-to-air missile system. | |
| Type | Surface to air missile |
| Place of origin | Russian Federation |
| Service history | |
| In service | May 2019 |
| Used by | Russian Federation |
| Production history | |
| Designed | 2017 |
| Manufacturer | High Precision Systems |
| Produced | 2022 |
| Variants | See variants |
| Specifications | |
| Warhead | 1× Fragmented-rod warhead 1× AP-Frag warhead |
Detonation mechanism | Combined impact/proximity laser fuze |
Operational range | 10 km |
| Flight altitude | 5 km |
| Maximum speed | Mach 2.6 |
Guidance system | Laser guidance Radio guidance |
Launch platform | Sosna vehicle Ptitselov vehicle Palma CIWS Palash CIWS |
In 2017, official tests of the newest air defense missile system Bagulnik (domestic variant which is currently named Strela-10ML) were successfully completed.[3][4][5] In May 2019, the Russian Defence Ministry decided to introduce the system into service.[citation needed]
Description
editIt was developed by KB Tochmash as a successor to 9K35 Strela-10, and is a cheaper alternative to the Tor missile system and Pantsir-S1. Designed to work in passive mode with the help of different imaging systems (thermal camera, TV camera) and a laser rangefinder in order to find and engage a target, Sosna-R is able to operate effectively under the control of various types of old, modern and prospective battery command posts, the most preferable of which is the FPU "Assembly-M1-2" (9S80M1-2) and is resistant to jamming. It uses a tracked SAM launcher with 12 missiles of 10 km range and altitude of 5 km, based on the MT-LB vehicle. Those 12 missiles can be reloaded in 12 minutes.[6][7] The serial production version is based on the BMP-3 IFV.[8][9] The Sosna can also deliver fire while on the move.[10] The system has a crew of two: the driver and gunner.
The system is armed with 12 9M340 missiles that are held in their transport-launch containers and arranged in two banks of six.[11] Sosna-R beam rider 38 kg missiles are two-stage, capable of destroying aircraft, helicopters, cruise missiles, aerial bombs, small-sized air attack weapons including elements of high-precision weapons and light armored vehicles. The missile can change direction mid-flight.[12][13] It also has a combined impact/proximity laser fuze. Its payload is made up of two warheads weighing a total of 7 kg. The fragmented-rod warhead is designed for proximity detonation when flying close to the target, while the armor-piercing/fragmentation (AP-Frag) warhead goes off on impact.[14] The system has high resistance to jamming and besides its passive mode of operation it can be equipped with an additional small-size acquisition radar.
The Palma anti-aircraft artillery system features integrated armament that comprises eight Sosna-R precision surface-to-air missiles with laser beam guidance and two AO-18KDE rapid-fire guns. As a defense component, the Palma is designated to defend both ships and naval bases, coastal infrastructure and aerodromes, and also other vital facilities.[15]
Range
editWithin 8–10 (≤ 20) km.
Variants
edit- Sosna A weapon module for MBT, IFV, APC, AFV
- Sosna RA for AFV, MBT, IFV, APC
- Palash CIWS
- Palma CIWS - the deliveries of the systems to the Russian Navy and foreign navies started in 2011.[16][17]
- Ptitselov CIWS is an air transportable version based on the BMD-4M chassis and it can also be dropped by parachute[18]
Operators
editCurrent operators
edit
- Palma-SU CIWS used on Gepard 3.9 frigates.
Potential operator
edit
- Potential Palma CIWS acquisition reported.[19]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Sosna short-range air defense missile system".
- ^ "9K338 9M342 Igla-S / SA-24 Grinch".
- ^ "Новейший ЗРК "Багульник" успешно прошел испытания". vesti.ru. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
- ^ ШАГвперед (8 April 2018). "Новейший российский ЗРК "Багульник"". Retrieved 21 January 2019 – via YouTube.
- ^ "Tłumacz Google".
- ^ Administrator. "Sosna short-range air defense missile system technical data sheet specifications pictures video 11312155 - Russia Russian missile system vehicle UK - Russia Russian army military equipment vehicles UK". www.armyrecognition.com.
- ^ Pike, John. "9K338 9M342 Igla-S / SA-24 Grinch".
- ^ "Army 2019: Nudelman displays Sosna missile air defense system and BMP-3 with add-on armor | Army-2019 News Russia Online Show Daily Media Partner | Defence security military exhibition 2019 daily news category".
- ^ "Janes | Latest defence and security news".
- ^ "Russian hi-tech firm showcases latest Sosna short-range air defense missile system". TASS. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
- ^ "Army 2018: Russia unveils Sosna SHORAD system production version - Jane's 360". www.janes.com. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
- ^ "SOSNA-R Air defense System". defense-update.com. Archived from the original on 2018-01-06. Retrieved 2018-01-05.
- ^ "Sosna-R". www.deagel.com. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
- ^ "Russian Sosna air defense missile system unveiled at Army-2018 | Army-2018 News Russia Online Show Daily | defense security exhibition 2018 pictures gallery". Armyrecognition.com. 2018-08-21. Retrieved 2019-01-21.
- ^ "Hi-tech firm delivers ten seaborne air defense systems to Russian Navy and foreign fleets".
- ^ "Janes | Latest defence and security news".
- ^ "ЦАМТО / / Глава «Рособоронэскпорта» Александр Михеев: комплекс ПВО «Пальма» впервые интегрируют на иностранный корабль".
- ^ "Russia developed parachute-dropped Ptitselov SAM for Airborne units". 15 May 2023.
- ^ "Egypt Navy, Almaz-Antey, and Palma air defense systems". Tactical Report. 2021-09-28. Retrieved 2021-12-31.