CERN Accelerating science

Article
Title	Preliminary Simulation of CERN’s Linac4 H⁻ Source Beam Formation
Related title	PRELIMINARY SIMULATION OF CERN’S LINAC4 H− SOURCE BEAM FORMATION
Author(s)	Vnuchenko, Anna (CERN) ; Fantz, Ursel (Garching, Max Planck Inst.) ; Lettry, Jacques (CERN) ; Minea, Tiberiu (LPGP, Orsay) ; Mochalskyy, Serhiy (Garching, Max Planck Inst.) ; Revel, Adrien (LPGP, Orsay) ; Wünderlich, Dirk (Garching, Max Planck Inst.)
Publication	JACoW, 2021
Number of pages	4
In:	JACoW IPAC 2021 (2021) 2947-2950
In:	12th International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC 2021), Online, 24 - 28 May 2021, pp.2947-2950
DOI	10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB141 (publication)
Subject category	Accelerators and Storage Rings
Abstract	Linac4 is the new (H⁻) linear injector of CERN’s accelerator complex. This contribution describes the modelling activities required to get insight into H⁻ beam formation processes and their impact on beam properties. The simulation region starts from a homogeneous hydrogen plasma, the plasma then expands through the magnetic filter field. H⁻ ions and electrons are electrostatically extracted through the meniscus (line of separation between the plasma and the extracted beam) and eventually accelerated. The physics is simulated via the 3D PIC code ONIX. This code, originally dedicated to ITER’s neutral injector sources, has been modified to match single aperture sources. A new type of boundary condition is described, as well as the field distribution and geometry of the standard IS03 and a dedicated proto-type of CERN’s Linac4 H⁻ source. A plasma electrode prototype designed to provide metallic boundary conditions was produced and tested. This plasma electrode geometry enables Optical Emission Spectroscopy in the region closest to meniscus. A set of plasma parameters was chosen as input characterizing the plasma. Preliminary simulation results of beam formation region are presented.
Copyright/License	publication: © 2021 (License: CC-BY-3.0)

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