capall
愛爾蘭語
[编辑]
詞源
[编辑]源自古愛爾蘭語 capall，與威爾士語 ceffyl、拉丁語 caballus有關。
發音
[编辑]名詞
[编辑]capall m (屬格單數 capaill，主格複數 capaill)
變格
[编辑]capall 的變格
派生詞
[编辑]- ar chapall, ar dhroim capaill, ar muin capaill (“在馬背上”)
- athchapall m (“後備馬”)
- beach chapaill f (“黃蜂”)
- beithíoch capaill (“馬”)
- buaic capaill
- capaill bhána m 複 (“白馬”)
- capaillín m, gearrchapall m (“馬駒”)
- capall ardfhola m (“良種馬”)
- capall ardualaigh m (“馱馬”)
- capall ballach m (“花斑馬”)
- capall breac m (“深灰色斑點馬”)
- capall buírua m (“淺栗色馬”)
- capall céachta m (“耕馬”)
- capall ceannann m (“白面馬”)
- capall cogaidh m (“軍馬”)
- capall coille m (“松雞”)
- capall cóiste m (“拉馬車的馬”)
- capall dealraitheach m
- capall deargrua m (“酸模”)
- capall diallaite m (“有鞍的馬”)
- capall docheansaithe m (“無法馴服的馬”)
- capall faiteach m (“難以駕馭的馬”)
- capall fiaigh m, capall seilge m
- capall folaíochta m (“良種的馬”)
- capall gleannach m
- capall luascáin m (“搖木馬”)
- capall macánta m (“馴服的馬”)
- capall maide m (“木馬”)
- capall mairceach m, capall na mairce m
- capall marcaíochta m (“乘用馬”)
- capall marclaigh m (“馱馬”)
- capall mear m (“快馬”)
- capall neamhéasca m (“駑馬”)
- capall rása m (“賽馬”)
- capall rua m (“栗色的馬”)
- capall sáiteach m
- capall sásta m (“可馴服的馬”)
- capall scáfar m, sceiteog de chapall f
- capall sceadach m
- capall scóipiúil m
- capall sealaíochta m
- capall sliogánach m (“有深灰色斑紋的馬”)
- capall stailce m
- capall stalcaireachta m
- capall taghdach m (“容易激動的馬”)
- capall tarlaithe m (“挽马”)
- capall tarraingthe m (“挽马”)
- capall uaibhreach m
- capall ualaigh m (“馱馬”)
- capallach (“馬科動物”, 形容詞)
- ceannaí capall m (“賣馬者”)
- cinnire capaill m (“帶馬者”)
- cíor chapaill f (“马栉”)
- cnó capaill m
- coiléar capaill m (“马轭”)
- coirb capaill (“鬐甲”)
- cóiste capaill
- conablach capaill (“馬的身體”)
- croibhín capaill m, crúb capaill (“馬蹄”)
- crú capaill m (“馬蹄”)
- cruimh chapaill f (“虎蛾的幼蟲”)
- cuingir chapall f (“馬軛”)
- culaith capaill (“馬具”)
- cúlú capaill
- dailc de chapall (“矮胖的馬”)
- eireaball capaill (“馬尾”)
- faocha chapaill f (“峨螺”)
- féar capaill m (“貓尾草”)
- feoil chapaill f (“馬肉”)
- fia-chapall m (“野馬”)
- gabháil capaill (“給馬上挽具”)
- gillín capaill m
- giolla capaill m (“馬夫”)
- láimhdeachas capaill
- leathchapall m (“中等大小的馬”)
- moing capaill (“馬鬃”)
- pana capaill
- péist chapaill f (“大毛蟲”)
- rás capall (“賽馬”)
- rásaíocht chapall f (“賽馬”)
- scor capaill
- scothchapall m (“中等大小的馬”)
- seamair chapaill f
- seangán capaill m (“黑蚁”)
- seisreach chapall
- seithe chapaill (“馬皮”)
- seó capall (“馬展”)
- sos capall
- speach chapaill
- sraoillín capall m
- taispeántas capall (“馬展”)
- ualach capaill
- umar capall
輔音變化
[编辑]| 愛爾蘭語輔音變化 | ||
|---|---|---|
| 原形 | 弱化 | 濁化 |
| capall | chapall | gcapall |
| 注意：有些形式可能僅是推測，並不是所有形式都一定存在。 | ||
拓展閱讀
[编辑]- Entries containing “capall” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “capall” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
參考資料
[编辑]- "capall" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019年)，“capall”，eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
古愛爾蘭語
[编辑]詞源
[编辑]不確定。古愛爾蘭語中的/p/和威爾士語 ceffyl中的/f/表明，可能在早期存在*pp的音位，因此其與高盧語 Caballo-（出現在專有名詞中）不能建立直接的聯繫。愛爾蘭語和威爾士語中的詞彙可能來自拉丁語 *cappillus，其為caballus (“馬”)和capellus (“小山羊”)混合的產物。而拉丁語 caballus也許是借自高盧語。或者，該詞可能是一個起源於亞洲的漫遊詞，對比古希臘語 καβάλλης (kabállēs, “馬”)。[1][2]
發音
[编辑]名詞
[编辑]capall m (屬格 capaill，主格複數 capaill)
變格
[编辑]| 陽性 o-詞幹 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 單數 | 雙數 | 複數 | |
| 主格 | capall | capallL | capaillL |
| 呼格 | capaill | capallL | caipliuH |
| 賓格 | capallN | capallL | caipliuH |
| 屬格 | capaillL | capall | capallN |
| 與格 | capullL | caiplib | caiplib |
後接形容詞的輔音變化：
| |||
派生語彙
[编辑]輔音變化
[编辑]| 古愛爾蘭語輔音變化 | ||
|---|---|---|
| 強化 | 弱化 | 鼻音化 |
| capall | chapall | capall 讀作/ɡ(ʲ)-/ |
| 注：有些形式只是假設，不是所有形式都一定存在。 | ||
拓展閱讀
[编辑]- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019年)，“capall”，eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
蘇格蘭蓋爾語
[编辑]詞源
[编辑]源自古愛爾蘭語 capall (“馬”)，與威爾士語 ceffyl、拉丁語 caballus有關。
名詞
[编辑]capall m (屬格單數 capaill，複數 capaill)
使用注意
[编辑]- 儘管其有“母馬”的意思，但詞依然是陽性。
派生詞
[编辑]輔音變化
[编辑]| 苏格兰盖尔语的辅音变化 | |
|---|---|
| 正常 | 軟化 |
| capall | chapall |
| 注意: 其中一些形式可能是假设的。不是所有词语的 可能的变化形式都实际上存在。 | |
拓展閱讀
[编辑]- “capall” in Edward Dwelly, Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan/The Illustrated [Scottish] Gaelic–English Dictionary, 10th edition, 愛丁堡: Birlinn Limited, 1911, ISBN 0-901771-92-9.
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019年)，“capall”，eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- ↑ Template:R:sga:LEIA
- ↑ Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2003年)D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, 译., A Grammar of Old Irish，Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies，ISBN 1-85500-161-6，第 567 頁