消滅以色列國

消滅以色列國是一些個人、政治實體以及阿拉伯世界、穆斯林世界、巴勒斯坦民族主義人士或左派^[1]^[2]^[3]人士的立場，他們除了主張要消滅以色列，^[4]^[5]還尋求通過軍事行動或其他手段消滅以色列。 ^[6]^[5]

在以色列建國前夕，阿拉伯國家聯盟領導人阿卜杜勒·拉赫曼·哈桑·阿扎姆就表示，一旦猶太人在巴勒斯坦建立國家，他們就要發動一場「滅絕戰爭」。 1967年第三次中東戰爭之前，幾乎所有的阿拉伯國家都支持消滅以色列。 ^[7]當今，包括阿里·哈梅內伊和馬哈茂德·艾哈邁迪內賈德等在內的伊朗政治人物、 ^[8]哈馬斯^[9]和巴勒斯坦伊斯蘭聖戰運動^[9]等巴勒斯坦伊斯蘭主義組織以及真主黨^[10]^[11]、胡塞武裝^[12]、阿爾蓋達組織^[13]依然主張消滅以色列。 ^[14]

參考文獻

^ Harpin, Lee. Calls for the 'destruction of Israel' and '100% support for armed resistance' at SWP event. www.jewishnews.co.uk. [2024-05-13]. （原始內容存檔於2023-11-22）.
^ Quinn, Ben. Momentum founder says leftwingers ‘in denial’ about pro-Palestinian slogans. The Guardian. 2023-11-12 [2024-02-26]. ISSN 0261-3077 （英國英語）.
^ Sophie. The right don't get to say what our Palestine slogans mean. Socialist Worker. 2023-11-07 [2024-02-26]. （原始內容存檔於2024-08-04）（英國英語）.
^ Tsesis, Alexander. Antisemitism and Hate Speech Studies. Rutgers Journal of Law and Religion. 2014–2015, 16: 352 [2024-05-13]. （原始內容存檔於2023-10-15）.
^ ^5.0 ^5.1 Krell, G., & Müller, H. (2012). Noch ein Krieg im Nahen Osten? Zum misslungenen Anstoß von Günter Grass zu einer überfälligen öffentlichen Debatte. （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） (HSFK-Report, 2/2012). Frankfurt am Main: Hessische Stiftung Friedens- und Konfliktforschung.
^ הפלסטינים רוצים להשמיד את ישראל. www.inn.co.il. [2023-11-07]. （原始內容存檔於2023-11-23）.
^ Freilich, C. D. (2018). Israeli National security: a new strategy for an Era of change. Oxford University Press. p. 34, 37
^ Roomi, F. (2023). The Iran‐Israel Conflict: An Ultra‐Ideological Explanation. Middle East Policy. p. 94
^ ^9.0 ^9.1 Jaeger, David A.; Paserman, M. Daniele. Israel, the Palestinian Factions, and the Cycle of Violence. The American Economic Review. 2006, 96 (2): 45–49 [2024-05-13]. ISSN 0002-8282. JSTOR 30034612. S2CID 18626011. doi:10.1257/000282806777212008. hdl:10419/33218 . （原始內容存檔於2023-11-14）.
^ Itamar Rabinovich. Israel in the Middle East. UPNE. 2008 [18 November 2010]. ISBN 978-0-87451-962-4. （原始內容存檔於2023-11-30）.
^ United Nations Document A/54/723 S/2000/55, citing Al Hayyat, 30 October 1999Letter dated January 25, 2000 from the Permanent Representative of Israel to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General. [17 August 2006]. （原始內容存檔於10 March 2007）. . Retrieved 17 August 2006.
^ Houthis push for 'demise of Israel' amid attack on Red Sea ship. The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. 2023-11-20 [2023-11-23]. （原始內容存檔於2023-11-22）（美國英語）.
^ Bar-Tal, D.; Jacobson, D.; Klieman, A. Security Concerns: Insights from the Israel Experience. PsycEXTRA Dataset. 1999 [2023-11-07]. doi:10.1037/e416702005-016. （原始內容存檔於2023-11-30）.
^ Hamas Official: We Will Repeat October 7 Attacks Until Israel Is Annihilated. Haaretz. [2023-11-07]. （原始內容存檔於2023-12-17）（英語）.

參見

[1] Harpin, Lee. Calls for the 'destruction of Israel' and '100% support for armed resistance' at SWP event. www.jewishnews.co.uk. [2024-05-13]. （原始內容存檔於2023-11-22）.

[2] Quinn, Ben. Momentum founder says leftwingers ‘in denial’ about pro-Palestinian slogans. The Guardian. 2023-11-12 [2024-02-26]. ISSN 0261-3077 （英國英語）.

[3] Sophie. The right don't get to say what our Palestine slogans mean. Socialist Worker. 2023-11-07 [2024-02-26]. （原始內容存檔於2024-08-04）（英國英語）.

[:62-4] Tsesis, Alexander. Antisemitism and Hate Speech Studies. Rutgers Journal of Law and Religion. 2014–2015, 16: 352 [2024-05-13]. （原始內容存檔於2023-10-15）.

[:0-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Krell, G., & Müller, H. (2012). Noch ein Krieg im Nahen Osten? Zum misslungenen Anstoß von Günter Grass zu einer überfälligen öffentlichen Debatte. （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） (HSFK-Report, 2/2012). Frankfurt am Main: Hessische Stiftung Friedens- und Konfliktforschung.

[6] הפלסטינים רוצים להשמיד את ישראל. www.inn.co.il. [2023-11-07]. （原始內容存檔於2023-11-23）.

[:2-7] Freilich, C. D. (2018). Israeli National security: a new strategy for an Era of change. Oxford University Press. p. 34, 37

[8] Roomi, F. (2023). The Iran‐Israel Conflict: An Ultra‐Ideological Explanation. Middle East Policy. p. 94

[:3-9] 9.0 ^9.1 Jaeger, David A.; Paserman, M. Daniele. Israel, the Palestinian Factions, and the Cycle of Violence. The American Economic Review. 2006, 96 (2): 45–49 [2024-05-13]. ISSN 0002-8282. JSTOR 30034612. S2CID 18626011. doi:10.1257/000282806777212008. hdl:10419/33218 . （原始內容存檔於2023-11-14）.

[The_Hizballah_Program-10] Itamar Rabinovich. Israel in the Middle East. UPNE. 2008 [18 November 2010]. ISBN 978-0-87451-962-4. （原始內容存檔於2023-11-30）.

[UN_document-11] United Nations Document A/54/723 S/2000/55, citing Al Hayyat, 30 October 1999Letter dated January 25, 2000 from the Permanent Representative of Israel to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General. [17 August 2006]. （原始內容存檔於10 March 2007）. . Retrieved 17 August 2006.

[12] Houthis push for 'demise of Israel' amid attack on Red Sea ship. The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. 2023-11-20 [2023-11-23]. （原始內容存檔於2023-11-22）（美國英語）.

[13] Bar-Tal, D.; Jacobson, D.; Klieman, A. Security Concerns: Insights from the Israel Experience. PsycEXTRA Dataset. 1999 [2023-11-07]. doi:10.1037/e416702005-016. （原始內容存檔於2023-11-30）.

[:10-14] Hamas Official: We Will Repeat October 7 Attacks Until Israel Is Annihilated. Haaretz. [2023-11-07]. （原始內容存檔於2023-12-17）（英語）.

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