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[[马里兰州]]是位於[[美國南部]]的州。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www2.census.gov/geo/pdfs/maps-data/maps/reference/us_regdiv.pdf|title=Census Regions and Divisions of United States|format=PDF|accessdate=2024-07-13|publisher=[[美国人口普查局|U.S. Census Bureau]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704171849/http://www2.census.gov/geo/pdfs/maps-data/maps/reference/us_regdiv.pdf|archivedate=2024-07-04}}</ref>馬里蘭州雖是[[美國各州人口列表|全美人口第18多的州]](共有{{nts|6177224}}人),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/geo/chart/ID/PST045222|format=PDF|title=US Census Quickfacts, Population Estimates, July 2023|publisher=[[美国人口普查局|U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2024-07-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240703195259/https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/data/apportionment/population-change-data-table.pdf|archivedate=2024-07-03}}</ref>但陸地面積卻只有{{convert|9,708.60|sqmi|km2}},[[美国各州面积列表|位列全美第42名]]。<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/profile?g=0400000US24|title=Census Bureau Profiles Results|accessdate=2024-07-13|publisher=[[美国人口普查局|U.S. Census Bureau]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205022255/https://data.census.gov/profile?g=0400000US24|archivedate=2022-12-05}}</ref>馬里蘭州共有23個[[县 (美国)|縣]]和157個市鎮,佔有全州4.39%的土地及25.17%的人口。<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/cph-2-22.pdf|title=GCT-PH1 – Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 – State — Place and (in selected states) County Subdivision|url-status=dead|format=PDF|publisher=[[美国人口普查局|U.S. Census Bureau]]|work=[[2010年美國人口普查|2010 United States Census]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121030557/https://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/cph-2-22.pdf|archivedate=2022-01-21}}</ref>其中[[巴爾的摩]]為[[独立市 (美国)|獨立市]](不隸屬於任何縣),於1851年從[[巴爾的摩縣]]分拆。<ref>{{cite web|url=https://msa.maryland.gov/msa/mdmanual/36loc/bcity/html/bcity.html|title=Baltimore, Maryland - Government|publisher=Maryland Manual On-Line|accessdate=2024-07-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240703065047/https://msa.maryland.gov/msa/mdmanual/36loc/bcity/html/bcity.html|archivedate=2024-07-03}}</ref>
[[马里兰州]]是位於[[美國南部]]的州。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www2.census.gov/geo/pdfs/maps-data/maps/reference/us_regdiv.pdf|title=Census Regions and Divisions of United States|format=PDF|accessdate=2024-07-13|publisher=[[美国人口普查局|U.S. Census Bureau]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704171849/http://www2.census.gov/geo/pdfs/maps-data/maps/reference/us_regdiv.pdf|archivedate=2024-07-04}}</ref>馬里蘭州雖是[[美國各州人口列表|全美人口第18多的州]](共有{{nts|6177224}}人),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/geo/chart/ID/PST045222|format=PDF|title=US Census Quickfacts, Population Estimates, July 2023|publisher=[[美国人口普查局|U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2024-07-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240703195259/https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/data/apportionment/population-change-data-table.pdf|archivedate=2024-07-03}}</ref>但陸地面積卻只有{{convert|9,708.60|sqmi|km2}},[[美国各州面积列表|位列全美第42名]]。<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/profile?g=0400000US24|title=Census Bureau Profiles Results|accessdate=2024-07-13|publisher=[[美国人口普查局|U.S. Census Bureau]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205022255/https://data.census.gov/profile?g=0400000US24|archivedate=2022-12-05}}</ref>馬里蘭州共有23個[[县 (美国)|縣]]和157個市鎮,佔有全州4.39%的土地及25.17%的人口。<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/cph-2-22.pdf|title=GCT-PH1 – Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 – State — Place and (in selected states) County Subdivision|url-status=dead|format=PDF|publisher=[[美国人口普查局|U.S. Census Bureau]]|work=[[2010年美國人口普查|2010 United States Census]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121030557/https://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/cph-2-22.pdf|archivedate=2022-01-21}}</ref>其中[[巴爾的摩]]為[[独立市 (美国)|獨立市]](不隸屬於任何縣),於1851年從[[巴爾的摩縣]]分拆。<ref>{{cite web|url=https://msa.maryland.gov/msa/mdmanual/36loc/bcity/html/bcity.html|title=Baltimore, Maryland - Government|publisher=Maryland Manual On-Line|accessdate=2024-07-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240703065047/https://msa.maryland.gov/msa/mdmanual/36loc/bcity/html/bcity.html|archivedate=2024-07-03}}</ref>


馬里蘭州的市鎮分為城市、市鎮、村三種,三者在政治權力上並無差別。
馬里蘭州的市鎮為州內最低級的行政單位,但[[美国的地方自治|擁有地方自治權]]。所有市鎮分為[[城市]]、市鎮、[[村 (美国)|]]三種,三者在政治權力上並無差別。<ref name="MD157p3">
{{cite book |date=2000-07-01 |editor1-last=Burrell |editor1-first=Linda M. |editor2-last=Best|editor2-first=Kevin J.|editor3-last=Liskey |editor3-first=Karen A.|editor4-last=Rocker|editor4-first=Patricia A.|title=Maryland's 157: The Incorporated Cities and Towns|location=Annapolis, MD |publisher=Maryland Municipal League |page=3}}</ref>某地區若要申請成為市鎮,大多數情況下需經由[[马里兰州议会|州議會]]通過建市法案,而部份村則可透過合資格居民[[公民投票|公投]]產生。馬里蘭州的最大城市巴爾的摩與[[华盛顿哥伦比亚特区]]組成人口達997萬的[[巴尔的摩-华盛顿都市区]]。該都會區覆蓋州內大部份地區,主要城市如[[盖瑟斯堡]]、[[羅克維爾 (馬里蘭州)|羅克維爾]]、[[鲍伊 (马里兰州)|鮑伊]]、[[黑格斯敦 (馬里蘭州)|黑格斯敦]]等皆為都會區的組成部份。


馬里蘭州人口最多且面積最大的市鎮為巴爾的摩,人口共{{nts|585708}}人,面積達{{convert|80.94|sqmi|km2}};<ref name="2020 Census">{{Cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/ |accessdate=2024-07-11 |website=data.census.gov |archivedate=2020-07-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200707031946/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name="LandArea">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_21.txt|publisher=[[美国人口普查局|U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2024-07-11|archive-date=2022-03-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319080929/https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_21.txt|dead-url=no}}</ref>人口最少的市鎮則為[[托巴科港村 (馬里蘭州)|托巴科港村]],僅有18人。而[[布魯克維尤 (馬里蘭州)|布魯克維尤]]為州內面積最小的市鎮,面積只佔{{convert|0.04|sqmi|km2}}。州內許多人口密集的聚居地如[[哥伦比亚 (马里兰州)|哥倫比亞]]、[[日耳曼敦 (馬里蘭州)|日耳曼敦]]、[[银泉 (马里兰州)|銀泉]]、[[沃爾多夫 (馬里蘭州)|沃爾多夫]]、[[格倫伯尼 (馬里蘭州)|格倫伯尼]]、[[埃利科特城]]、[[鄧多克 (馬里蘭州)|鄧多克]]、[[贝塞斯达 (马里兰州)|貝塞斯達]]等並非市鎮,而是不設政府的[[普查規定居民點]]。
馬里蘭州人口最多且面積最大的市鎮為巴爾的摩,人口共{{nts|585708}}人,面積達{{convert|80.94|sqmi|km2}};<ref name="2020 Census">{{Cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/ |accessdate=2024-07-11 |website=data.census.gov |archivedate=2020-07-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200707031946/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name="LandArea">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_21.txt|publisher=[[美国人口普查局|U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2024-07-11|archive-date=2022-03-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319080929/https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_21.txt|dead-url=no}}</ref>人口最少的市鎮則為[[托巴科港村 (馬里蘭州)|托巴科港村]],僅有18人。而[[布魯克維尤 (馬里蘭州)|布魯克維尤]]為州內面積最小的市鎮,面積只佔{{convert|0.04|sqmi|km2}}。州內許多人口密集的聚居地如[[哥伦比亚 (马里兰州)|哥倫比亞]]、[[日耳曼敦 (馬里蘭州)|日耳曼敦]]、[[银泉 (马里兰州)|銀泉]]、[[沃爾多夫 (馬里蘭州)|沃爾多夫]]、[[格倫伯尼 (馬里蘭州)|格倫伯尼]]、[[埃利科特城]]、[[鄧多克 (馬里蘭州)|鄧多克]]、[[贝塞斯达 (马里兰州)|貝塞斯達]]等並非市鎮,而是不設政府的[[普查規定居民點]]。<ref name="2010 Census">{{cite web|title=2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_GCTPL2.ST13&prodType=table |work=American FactFinder |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census |accessdate=2011-04-23 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190530025737/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_GCTPL2.ST13&prodType=table |archivedate=2019-05-30 }}</ref>


== 建制市鎮 ==
== 建制市鎮 ==
第30行: 第31行:
{|class="wikitable sortable"
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
! scope="col" rowspan=2 style="width:100px"|名稱<ref>{{cite web|url=https://msa.maryland.gov/msa/mdmanual/01glance/html/mun.html|title=Maryland Towns & Cities - Municipalities (by name)|accessdate=2024-07-13|publisher=Maryland Manual Online|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240319082517/https://msa.maryland.gov/msa/mdmanual/01glance/html/mun.html|archivedate=2024-04-05}}</ref>
! scope="col" rowspan=2 style="width:100px"|名稱
! scope="col" rowspan=2 style="width:50px"|類別
! scope="col" rowspan=2 style="width:50px"|類別<ref name="2010 Census" />
! scope="col" rowspan=2 style="width:85px"|[[马里兰州行政区划|縣]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Domestic Names {{!}} U.S. Geological Survey |url=https://www.usgs.gov/us-board-on-geographic-names/domestic-names |accessdate=2024-07-11 |website=www.usgs.gov |archivedate=2023-07-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230723142722/https://www.usgs.gov/us-board-on-geographic-names/domestic-names |dead-url=no }}</ref>
! scope="col" rowspan=2 style="width:85px"|[[马里兰州行政区划|縣]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Domestic Names {{!}} U.S. Geological Survey |url=https://www.usgs.gov/us-board-on-geographic-names/domestic-names |accessdate=2024-07-11 |website=www.usgs.gov |archivedate=2023-07-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230723142722/https://www.usgs.gov/us-board-on-geographic-names/domestic-names |dead-url=no }}</ref>
! scope="col" rowspan=2|人口<br />(2020年)<ref name="2020 Census" />
! scope="col" rowspan=2|人口<br />(2020年)<ref name="2020 Census" />
! scope="col" rowspan=2|人口<br />(2010年)<ref name="2010 Census" />
! scope="col" rowspan=2|人口<br />(2010年)<ref name="2010 Census">{{cite web|title=2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_GCTPL2.ST13&prodType=table |work=American FactFinder |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census |accessdate=2011-04-23 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190530025737/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_GCTPL2.ST13&prodType=table |archivedate=2019-05-30 }}</ref>
! scope="col" rowspan=2|變化(%)
! scope="col" rowspan=2|變化(%)
! scope="col" colspan=2|陸地面積<br />(2020年)<ref name="LandArea" />
! scope="col" colspan=2|陸地面積<br />(2020年)<ref name="LandArea" />

2024年7月13日 (六) 11:58的版本

馬里蘭州在美國的位置

马里兰州是位於美國南部的州。[1]馬里蘭州雖是全美人口第18多的州(共有6,177,224人),[2]但陸地面積卻只有9,708.60平方英里(25,145.2平方公里),位列全美第42名[3]馬里蘭州共有23個和157個市鎮,佔有全州4.39%的土地及25.17%的人口。[4]其中巴爾的摩獨立市(不隸屬於任何縣),於1851年從巴爾的摩縣分拆。[5]

馬里蘭州的市鎮為州內最低級的行政單位,但擁有地方自治權。所有市鎮分為城市、市鎮、三種,三者在政治權力上並無差別。[6]某地區若要申請成為市鎮,大多數情況下需經由州議會通過建市法案,而部份村則可透過合資格居民公投產生。馬里蘭州的最大城市巴爾的摩與华盛顿哥伦比亚特区組成人口達997萬的巴尔的摩-华盛顿都市区。該都會區覆蓋州內大部份地區,主要城市如盖瑟斯堡羅克維爾鮑伊黑格斯敦等皆為都會區的組成部份。

馬里蘭州人口最多且面積最大的市鎮為巴爾的摩,人口共585,708人,面積達80.94平方英里(209.6平方公里);[7][8]人口最少的市鎮則為托巴科港村,僅有18人。而布魯克維尤為州內面積最小的市鎮,面積只佔0.04平方英里(0.10平方公里)。州內許多人口密集的聚居地如哥倫比亞日耳曼敦銀泉沃爾多夫格倫伯尼埃利科特城鄧多克貝塞斯達等並非市鎮,而是不設政府的普查規定居民點[9]

建制市鎮

 州首府县城  县城

名稱[10] 類別[9] [11] 人口
(2020年)[7]
人口
(2010年)[9]
變化(%) 陸地面積
(2020年)[8]
人口密度
sq mi km2

另見

備註

參考資料

  1. ^ Census Regions and Divisions of United States (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. [2024-07-13]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2024-07-04). 
  2. ^ US Census Quickfacts, Population Estimates, July 2023 (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. [2024-07-13]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2024-07-03). 
  3. ^ Census Bureau Profiles Results. U.S. Census Bureau. [2024-07-13]. (原始内容存档于2022-12-05). 
  4. ^ GCT-PH1 – Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 – State — Place and (in selected states) County Subdivision (PDF). 2010 United States Census. U.S. Census Bureau. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2022-01-21). 
  5. ^ Baltimore, Maryland - Government. Maryland Manual On-Line. [2024-07-13]. (原始内容存档于2024-07-03). 
  6. ^ Burrell, Linda M.; Best, Kevin J.; Liskey, Karen A.; Rocker, Patricia A. (编). Maryland's 157: The Incorporated Cities and Towns. Annapolis, MD: Maryland Municipal League. 2000-07-01: 3. 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 Explore Census Data. data.census.gov. [2024-07-11]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-07). 
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files. U.S. Census Bureau. [2024-07-11]. (原始内容存档于2022-03-19). 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 9.2 2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File. American FactFinder. U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census. [2011-04-23]. (原始内容存档于2019-05-30). 
  10. ^ Maryland Towns & Cities - Municipalities (by name). Maryland Manual Online. [2024-07-13]. (原始内容存档于2024-04-05). 
  11. ^ Domestic Names | U.S. Geological Survey. www.usgs.gov. [2024-07-11]. (原始内容存档于2023-07-23).